scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC SELECTION CRITERIA IN YOUNG BALL SPORT PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
József Márton Pucsok ◽  
Gergely Ráthonyi ◽  
Katalin Varga ◽  
Gabriella Perényi ◽  
Andrea Lenténé Puskás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
O2 Pulse

Background: Our study aimed to analyze body composition and spiroergometric data of young (14-15 years) elite level ball sport players. We suggested three-ball sports (handball, soccer, and basketball) share common performance indicators, as rapid intermittent movements primarily characterize each ball sport. Methods: We selected one-hundred and ten, handball (n=30), basketball (n=40), and soccer (n=40) players male and female from local clubs in Hungary. Seventy-nine males and thirty-one females participated in our study; their average age was 14.51 and 14.56, respectively.   They participated in laboratory testing; the protocol included a body composition analysis and spiroergometric tests. We measured body composition and physiological parameters utilizing an In Body 720 device and a standard Bruce treadmill protocol. Although we were aware of the Bruce protocol limitations in elite athletes, we choose this protocol as a safer alternative for younger inexperienced athletes. Results and conclusions: We concluded that in young male soccer and basketball players, mean peak /load (W), peak/VE (l), peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO2 (ml/min), peak/VCO2 (ml/min), and peak/ O2 pulse (ml) data is a reliable indicator of the sport-specific performance.  We may also suggest that in our male basketball and handball players' population, peak/Vtex (l) is the only variable, which is significantly different. Between groups of male handball and soccer players, peak/VO2/kg (ml/min) may be a valid performance indicator. Among female basketball and handball players, we found a significant difference in three performance variables: peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO2 (ml/min), and peak/ O2 pulse (ml).

scholarly journals Identification of Specific Selection Criteria in Young Ball Sport Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Márton Pucsok ◽  
Gergely Ráthonyi ◽  
Katalin Varga ◽  
Gabriella Perényi ◽  
Andrea Lenténé Puskás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elite Level

Abstract Background: The purpose of our study was to analyze body composition and spiroergometric data of young (14-15 years) elite level ball sport players. We suggested that three-ball sports (handball, soccer, and basketball) share common performance indicators, as each ball sport is primarily characterized by rapid intermittent movements. Methods: We selected one-hundred and ten, handball (n=30), basketball (n=40) and soccer (n=40) players male and female from local clubs in Hungary. To measure their performance to develop high-quality training programs adequately age was differing from 14 to 15, they represented the elite level of their sports. They participated in performance analysis, the protocol included a body composition analysis and spiroergometric tests. We measured body composition and physiological parameters utilizing an In Body 720 device, and a standard Bruce treadmill protocol. Although we were aware of the limitations of the Bruce protocol in elite athletes, we choose this protocol as a safer alternative for younger inexperienced athletes. Results and conclusions: We concluded that in young male soccer and basketball players mean peak /load (W), peak/VE (l), peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO2 (ml/min), peak/VCO2 (ml/min), and peak/ O2 pulse (ml) data is a reliable indicator of the sport-specific performance. We may also suggest, that in our population of male basketball and handball players peak/Vtex (l) is the only variable, which is significantly different. Between groups of male handball and soccer players, peak/VO2/kg (ml/min) may be a valid performance indicator too. Among female basketball and handball players we found a significant difference in three performance variables: peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO2 (ml/min) and peak/ O2 pulse (ml). Although we must be careful when interpreting results, prior experiences with exercise testing, biological maturation differences must be considered. Trial registration: All examinations involving human subjects were approved by the Hungarian Ethical Committee ETT TUKEB:15117-4/2018/EÜIG.

Effects of Hydroxyurea Administration on the Body Weight, Body Composition and Exercise Performance of Patients with Sickle-Cell Anaemia

1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Hackney ◽  
W. Hezier ◽  
T. P. Gulledge ◽  
S. Jones ◽  
D. Strayhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

1. As an ancillary study carried out during the recently completed Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea, we examined the effect of hydroxyurea on the body weight, body composition and exercise capacity of adult patients with sickle-cell anaemia. 2. The subjects received either hydroxyurea (six males and four females) or placebo (eight males and six females). Data for each subject were generated during four separate 24 h admissions to the General Clinical Research Center. These admissions occurred at baseline and then at 6, 12 and 18 months after the start of study drug (hydroxyurea or placebo) administration. During each admission, body composition was measured by using a dual X-ray absorptiometer, and exercise testing was performed by cycle ergometry. Anaerobic performance was assessed according to a ‘Wingate’ protocol (20 s at maximal intensity against a cycling resistance of 7.5% body weight). Aerobic performance was examined using a steady state submaximal exercise protocol (10 min cycling time). 3. At baseline, no significant difference in any parameter was found between the hydroxyurea- and placebo-treated groups. At 18 months, the hydroxy-urea-treated subjects exhibited an average weight gain of 3.16 kg. The mean weight gain in the placebo-treated subjects was 1.82 kg. Body composition analysis showed that the additional weight in both groups involved both lean and fat body mass components. In anaerobic performance, the subjects given hydroxyurea showed an increase in peak muscle power of 104.9 W. The placebo group also showed an increase, but theirs was a more modest gain of 57.7 W. The most marked improvement in anaerobic performance was observed in the hydroxyurea-treated men (P < 0.05). In aerobic performance, the hydroxyurea-treated subjects exhibited a decrease in peak heart rate response to a standardized workload of 15.2 beats/min, as compared with a decrease of only 4.3 beats/min in the placebo-treated patients. 4. Taken together, the overall weight gain, combined with increases in both anaerobic muscular performance and aerobic cardiovascular efficiency, provides objective data to support the subjective impression that hydroxyurea administration produces an improvement in the physical capacity of patients with sickle-cell anaemia.

scholarly journals Strength, Jump Heights and Physical Characteristics of Young Male Basketball Players by Their Positions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3S) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Niyazi Sıdkı Adıgüzel
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Absolute Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study is to compare isokinetic leg strengths and jump performances of basketball players playing at different positions. A total of 34 basketball players (guards (n=13), forwards (n=13) and centers (n=7)) from 17 teams of Turkish Basketball Development League participated in the study. The isokinetic strength tests were performed for the dominant limb at two different angular speeds (60°s-1 and 180°s-1) and the extensor and flexor peak torques (EPT and FPT) were recorded. The strengths produced according to weight were taken as relative EPT and FPT. Jump tests were performed in three categories: free jump, 120° squat jump and active jump. Multivariate variance analysis (ANOVA) was used to compare players' scores in strength and jump tests by their positions. In the comparison of the positions, the guards were shorter and slimmer than the forwards and centers (p <0.05), and they were found to have less BMI values than the centers. The absolute strength values obtained with knee extension peak torques for both angular velocities were higher in the centers than the guards (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the relative strength values. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups for other parameters and all jump parameters (p> 0.05). Consequently, it can be stated that there are physical differences among high-level young basketball players by their positions and absolute quadriceps strengths of the centers may be higher than of the guards.

scholarly journals Effect of Time-of-Day-Exercise in Group Settings on Level of Mood and Depression of Former Elite Male Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijah Irandoust ◽  
Morteza Taheri ◽  
Hamdi Chtourou ◽  
Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range

Since the prevalence of depression is high among athletes at the end of their athletic career, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of time-of-day-exercise in group settings on the level of the mood and depression of former elite male athletes.Out of 187 volunteers referring to the sports counseling clinic, 71 retired male athletes who had a national championship record were randomly divided into two morning and evening exercise groups. The inclusion criteria were severe depression (high score in the Beck Depression Inventory-II), the age range of 50 to 60 years, the absence of metabolic syndrome, and the body mass index (BMI) between 28 and 35. All body composition variables were measured using body composition analysis (In Body 320; Korea). The second stage was the collection of data after three months (completion of the training protocol). After data collection, independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that both groups had a significant improvement in depression compared to the pre-test (p ≤ 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05). The overall conclusion is that exercise at different times of the morning or evening can improve the psychological state and reduce depression.

scholarly journals The Effects of Age and Adiposity on the Digestibility of Micellar Casein in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 610-610
Author(s):  
Nathalie Atallah ◽  
Audrey Boulier ◽  
Alain Baniel ◽  
Dalila Azzout-Marniche ◽  
Claire Gaudichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
15N Enrichment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micellar Casein ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Meal Ingestion ◽  
Digestive Contents

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the digestibility of casein and its amino acids (AA) in rats of different ages (2 months vs 11 months) and adiposity levels (normal vs high). Methods Wistar rats of 1 month (n = 15) and 10 months (n = 15) at their arrival were fed ad libitum for 28 days either with a standard diet (14% P/E, 75% C/E, 11% L/E) or a Western diet (14% P/E, 51% C/E, 35% L/E) in order to obtain respectively rats of normal and high adiposity levels. Four groups were constituted (n = 7/8): 2 months/normal adiposity (2 M/NA), 2 months/high adiposity (2 M/HA), 11 months/normal adiposity (11 M/NA) and 11 months/high adiposity (11 M/HA). After a week on the standard diet, the rats consumed a 4 g meal containing 15N labeled casein (Prodiet® 85B). Blood samples were taken at t = 0, t = 1 h, t = 3 h after meal consumption, and the rats were euthanized at t = 6 h. Digestive contents were collected and body composition was determined. Nitrogen quantity and 15N enrichment were analyzed in the meal and digestive contents by EA-IRMS, allowing for the estimation of casein digestibility. Concentrations in AA and their 15N enrichments were determined respectively by UHPLC and GC-C-IRMS to obtain the digestibility of individual AA. Results Weight did not differ between groups of the same age, but body composition analysis showed a significant difference in adiposity (P = 0.0008 between the 2 M groups; P = 0.0004 between the 11 M groups). Nitrogen fecal digestibility of casein increased significantly in rats with higher adiposity levels (2 M/NA = 94.1 ± 1.1%; 2 M/HA = 95.2 ± 1.7%; 11 M/NA = 94.5 ± 2.2% for 11 M/HA = 95.9 ± 0.7%; P = 0.0339). No difference was found in the digestibility of individual AA. 6 hours after meal ingestion, there was significantly more exogenous nitrogen in the stomach of rats aged 11 months compared to those of 2 months (3,9 ± 6,9% for the 2 M groups and 11,3 ± 9,2% for the 11 M groups P = 0.0188;). Except for methionine, there was no difference in plasma concentration levels of essential AA over time between the groups. Conclusions Our results suggest that age slows down digestion, in accordance with the literature. We showed that adiposity increased casein digestibility but without any effect at the level of individual AA digestibility. Funding Sources Ingredia.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Characteristics of Spanish Professional Basketball Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Vaquera ◽  
Santiago Santos ◽  
José Gerardo Villa ◽  
Juan Carlos Morante ◽  
Vicente García-Tormo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Elite Level

AbstractThe study of elite basketball players’ anthropometric characteristics alongside those of body composition contributes significantly to their profiling as professional athletes and plays an important role in the selection process, as these characteristics can have a significant impact on performance. In the current study, 110 professional basketball players from a series of Spanish professional Leagues (ACB, LEB and EBA) and youth level National Teams (U20 and U18) had their anthropometric profiles measured and compared to determine differences between them. Furthermore, all 110 players were divided into three different categories according to their playing position: guards, forwards and centres. The results obtained show no significant differences between players in different competitions in weight, height and the sum of skinfolds. Nonetheless, there were several differences related to body fat content (13.03% in ACB players and 10.52% in the lower categories and National Teams). There were also several differences found between the different playing positions amongst all playing levels in body mass (79.56 ± 2.41, 91.04 ± 1.51 and 104.56 ± 1.73 kg), height (182.28 ± 0.96, 195.65 ± 1.00 and 204.08 ± 0.67 cm), skinfold distribution and perimeters. However, there were no significant differences in body fat content between the different playing positions. The conclusions obtained from this study provide a better understanding to basketball specialists regarding the selection process of players at the elite level, especially on the transition from youth elite programs to men’s elite leagues.

Effects of maternal controlled exercise on offspring adiposity and glucose tolerance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Platt ◽  
Jenna Przybylowski ◽  
Richard J. Charnigo ◽  
Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep ◽  
Leryn J. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maternal Exercise

Abstract While metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes are costly and deadly to the current population, they are also extremely detrimental to the next generation. Much of the current literature focuses on the negative impact of poor maternal choices on offspring disease, while there is little work examining maternal behaviors that may improve offspring health. Research has shown that voluntary maternal exercise in mouse models improves metabolic function in offspring. In this study, we hypothesized that controlled maternal exercise in a mouse model will effect positive change on offspring obesity and glucose homeostasis. Female mice were separated into three groups: home cage, sedentary, and exercise. The sedentary home cage group was not removed from the home cage, while the sedentary wheel group was removed from the cage and placed in an immobile wheel apparatus. The exercise group was removed from the home cage and run on the same wheel apparatus but with the motor activated at 5–10 m/min for 1 h/d prior to and during pregnancy. Offspring were subjected to oral glucose tolerance testing and body composition analysis. There was no significant difference in offspring glucose tolerance or body composition as a consequence of the maternal exercise intervention compared to the sedentary wheel group. There were no marked negative consequences of the maternal controlled exercise intervention. Further research should clarify the potential advantages of the controlled exercise model and improve experimental techniques to facilitate translation of this research to human applications.

scholarly journals P546 The safety and efficacy of the new-generation budesonide-MMX in the aspect of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme genotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S516-S516
Author(s):  
T Resál ◽  
K Farkas ◽  
T Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Cytochrome P450 3A ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Generation

Abstract Background Unlike previous forms of budesonide absorbing from the ileal and ascending colon region, the new-generation budesonide-MMX contains a formula, that allows absorption throughout the whole colon. Budesonide is degraded in the liver by cytochrome P450 3A enzyme, but so far, there is no study examining the relationship between the budesonide’s effect and the enzyme activity. CYP3A5 is absent in 90% of the European/caucasian population due to a functional loss mutation (CYP3A5*3), whereas patients with the wild-type CYP3A5*1 allele may be expected to have increased metabolism. The most common genetic polymorphisms in CYP3A4 (CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A4*22) result in increased and decreased expression, respectively. Methods We enrolled 33 patients with UC in this prospective study until January of 2021. Patients received 9 mg oral budesonide-MMX once daily until 8 weeks. Laboratory parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP) and serum hormone levels (parathormone, dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol) were monitored before and after the 8-week therapy to follow metabolic and hormonal changes. During these visits, body composition analysis was also performed with InBody 770 machine to observe the adverse effects of budesonide-MMX in respect of body fat mass, body mass index, protein content of the body and bone mineral content. We examined the CYP450 3A (CYP3A5 and CYP3A4) enzyme genotype of the patients, to see, whether the different alleles of this drug-degrading enzyme affect the efficacy and safety. Results 33 patients had received the 2-month therapy. By the end of follow-up, based on partial Mayo score, 26 (78.8%) patients experienced remission and 6 patients (18.2%) were primary non-responders. Mean pMayo score decreased from 4.18 to 1.63 (p&lt;0.001). No significant changes were observable regarding body composition. Serum cholesterol level showed significant increase (p&lt;0.001), while triglyceride and CRP did not show significant changes. Serum cortisol levels were decreased (p&lt;0.001), while PTH and DHEA showed no significant decrease. Only two patients experienced side effects: one of them hypertonia, headache and acnes, while the other mild diarrhoea. 3 patients have CYP3A5*1/*3 genotype, and 16 have CYP3A5*3/*3. There was no significant difference between the two groups, regarding safety and efficacy. Only 1 patient have CYP3A4*1B genotype, while the rest have CYP3A4*1, hence, no statistics could be performed. Conclusion In our study, budesonide-MMX proved to be safe and effective in the therapy of UC, however, cholesterol was elevated in the serum. Based on our cohort, different genotypes of CYP3A don’t have an impact on the effect of the drug, however, CYP3A allele variants are rare, therefore, further examinations should be performed.

scholarly journals The effect of functional and supportive classic strength trainings in basketball players on aerobic strength, dynamic balance and body composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Ali Türker ◽  
Oğuzhan Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background and Study Aim. It has been aimed to investigate the effects of functional and supportive classic strength trainings in basketball players on aerobic strength, dynamic balance and body composition. Material and Methods. In the study, the test group has performed functional + supportive classic strength training (n=15; 20, 8 ± 1,7 year) three days in a week for eight weeks. Within the process, test and control groups have also continued basketball technical tactics trainings two days in a week. The control group (n=15; 21, 06 ± 1,9 year) has not performed any strength training. The participants have been tested in terms of height, body weight, skinfold calipers, watt bike pro ramp aerobic capacity test and libra see saw balancing board test. When identifying the percentage of body fat, lunge formula has been used. The data has been evaluated with Repetitive Measurements Anova Test. Results. In comparing the group x time interaction, while the developmental difference in the values of VO2max Estimate (mg/kg/min), MET, the percentage of body fat and Left foot lateral balance test has been found out statistically substantial in test and control groups, no significant difference in lateral balance on both feet, right foot lateral balance the measurements and transfer balance measurements on both feet has been found out. Conclusions. As a consequence, it has been seen that functional and supportive strength trainings have contributed to the percentage of body fat, aerobic capacity and dynamic balance. In the planning of yearly training it has been seen that functional strength trainings in preparation phase will contribute to the development levels of basketball players.

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