scholarly journals Pulmonary Venous Thrombosis and Cerebrovascular Accident in a Young Oral Contraceptive User Patient: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Lai IK ◽  
Buschle MN ◽  
Grava S
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Contraceptive User ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
The Relationship

Since there are millions of pill users around the world, the relationship between oral contraceptives, thrombotic events, and the cerebrovascular accident has been the focus of numerous studies. Most of the cases described in the literature are of deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery. This article aims to report a rare case of pulmonary vein thrombosis, along with cerebrovascular accident in a young patient who uses oral contraceptives. We seek to elucidate this relationship between the use of different oral contraceptives and the risk of thrombus formation, in addition to providing a brief review of these pathological episodes in the body. In view of the scarce existence of studies with reports of pulmonary venous thrombosis, it is expected to provide information to the entire medical community.

Correction of Posture Deviations in the Sagittal Plane Using the Pilates Method

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Alexandru Cîtea ◽  
George-Sebastian Iacob
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
The Relationship

Posture is commonly perceived as the relationship between the segments of the human body upright. Certain parts of the body such as the cephalic extremity, neck, torso, upper and lower limbs are involved in the final posture of the body. Musculoskeletal instabilities and reduced postural control lead to the installation of nonstructural posture deviations in all 3 anatomical planes. When we talk about the sagittal plane, it was concluded that there are 4 main types of posture deviation: hyperlordotic posture, kyphotic posture, rectitude and "sway-back" posture.Pilates method has become in the last decade a much more popular formof exercise used in rehabilitation. The Pilates method is frequently prescribed to people with low back pain due to their orientation on the stabilizing muscles of the pelvis. Pilates exercise is thus theorized to help reactivate the muscles and, by doingso, increases lumbar support, reduces pain, and improves body alignment.

Prevention effect of orally active heparin derivative on deep vein thrombosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (08) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Kim ◽  
Dong Lee ◽  
Choong Kim ◽  
Hyun Moon ◽  
Youngro Byun
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Acid Conjugate ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Orally Active

SummaryThe use of heparin as the most potent anticoagulant for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is nevertheless limited, because it is available to patients only by parenteral administration. Toward overcoming this limitation in the use of heparin, we have previously developed an orally active heparin-deoxycholic acid conjugate (LMWH-DOCA) in 10% DMSO formulation. The present study evaluates the anti-thrombogenic effect of this orally active LMWH-DOCA using a venous thrombosis animal model with Sprague-Dawley rats. When 5 mg/kg of LMWH-DOCA was orally administered in rats, the maximum anti-FXa activity in plasma was 0. 35 ± 0. 02, and anti-FXa activity in plasma was maintained above 0. 1 IU/ml [the minimum effective anti-FXa activity for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)] for five hours. LMWH-DOCA (5 mg/kg, 430 IU/kg) that was orally administered reduced the thrombus formation by 56. 3 ± 19. 8%;on the other hand, subcutaneously administered enoxaparin (100 IU/kg) reduced the thrombus formation by 36. 4 ± 14. 5%. Also, LMWH-DOCA was effectively neutralized by protamine that was used as an antidote. Therefore, orally active LMWH-DOCA could be proposed as a new drug that is effective for the longterm prevention of DVT and PE.

Double-Blind, Randomized Comparison of Systemic Continuous Infusion of 0.25 Versus 0.50 mg/kg/24 h of Alteplase over 3 to 7 Days for Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Heparinized Patients: Results of the European Thrombolysis with rt-PA in Venous Thrombosis (ETTT) Trial

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (03) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bounameaux ◽  
J D Banga ◽  
E Bluhmki ◽  
S Coccheri ◽  
J N Fiessinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

SummaryThirty-two patients with acute, proximal-vein thrombosis were treated with heparin and alteplase (0.25 versus 0.5 mg/kg/24 h during 3-7 days) in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, European (ETTT) trial. The treatment resulted in a decrease of the venographic Marder’s score from 18 (6-25) to 13 (2-24) units (median, range) in Group I (0.25 mg/kg/24 h, n = 15, median decrease 3.0, p = 0.32) and from 17.5 (3-33) to 15.5 (0-27) in Group II (0.5 mg/kg/24 h, n = 16, median decrease 4.0, p = 0.23). Comparison of the sequential venograms could be performed in 14 cases of Group I and in 15 cases in Group II. A minority of patients showed substantial partial recanalization of the initially obstructed veins on the control venogram (one in each treatment group) and most of the control venograms showedThus, the results of the ETTT trial show that the used low dosages of alteplase administered intravenously over 3-7 days in heparinized patients cannot be recommended as a treatment for patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs and/or pelvis. Further studies are needed to define a more suitable dosage regimen of alteplase in this indication.

Inflammation, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis in Venous Thrombosis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Diaz ◽  
Thomas W. Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
To Come ◽  
Deep Vein

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) refers to the formation of one or more thrombi within the deep veins, most commonly in the lower limbs. In the acute phase, DVT may result in significant morbidity in the affected extremity due to obstruction of venous outflow and may be life threatening as a consequence of pulmonary embolism (PE). Together DVT and PE are collectively referred to as venous thromboembolism (VTE). In 2008, the surgeon general’s call to action to prevent DVT and PE stated that “the disease disproportionately affects older Americans, and we can expect more suffering and more deaths in the future as the population ages—unless we do something about it,” inviting multiple stakeholders to come together in a coordinated effort to reverse this dramatic projected trend. Thus, VTE is not only a health issue but also a serious socioeconomic problem that needs to be fully understood to be addressed. This review presents the epidemiology and the current information regarding molecules and cells involved in the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis (VT), including lessons learned from animal models on VT. A table outlines risk factors for the development of VTE. Illustrations depict acute and chronic VT, and statins preventing VT. This review contains 2 figures, 1 table, and 137 references.

Rivaroxaban versus Warfarin in the Management of Deep Venous Thrombosis

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Shawky El-metieni ◽  
Tamer Mohamed Fekry ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Hassan Rady ◽  
Ahmed Magdy Farrag ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Warfarin Group ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) refers to the formation of one or more blood clots in one of the body’s large veins, most commonly in the lower limbs. The clot can cause partial or complete blocking of circulation in the vein, which in some patients leads to pain, swelling, tenderness, discolouration of the skin that is warm to touch. Aim of the Work Compare the effect of direct Oral Anticoagulant (Rivaroxaban) versus Antivitamin K (warfarin) in treatment of lower limb Deep Venous Thrombosis. Patients and Methods Type of study: prospective single blinded randomized study, study setting: was conducted at Kobri Elkobba hospitals, study period: 6 months, study population: Eligible all patients above 18 years had femoropopliteal vein thrombosis, confirmed with duplex ultrasound scanning and D-dimer test and qualified under the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Results Our study shows that Rivaroxaban alone is as effective as standard therapy, with similar safety, for the treatment of acute DVT and in preventing recurrence and has low risk of bleeding. There was statistically significant increase in INR monitoring during 6 months in warfarin group than Rivaroxaban group with p-value < 0.001. This because warfarin has many drug and food interaction. There's no response in treatment out come after 3 months duplex as the study was on patient of femoro popliteal DVT, however there were clinical improvement in both groups. Complete recanalization with normal augmentation by muscle compression occurred in all Rivaroxaban patients compared to 5% were partially compressible with incomplete recanalization in warfarin group after 6 months of treatment. Conclusion We concluded in patients with unprovoked VTE, rivaroxaban has the potential to reduce both the risk of major bleeding and recurrent VTE compared to warfarin. And there’s no need for adjusting the dose and INR monitoring, and Rivaroxaban has no food nor drug interactions.

Prevalence of asymptomatic lower limb venous thrombosis in infertile women with thrombophilic disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Luca Costanzo ◽  
Luigi Di Pino ◽  
Mario Ragusa ◽  
Sergio Buccheri ◽  
Andrea Sole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Circulation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Deep Vein

Objective We sought to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic venous thrombosis in infertile women with thrombophilic disorders (TDs). Methods and results A total of 73 infertile women with TDs underwent duplex ultrasound scan to evaluate superficial and deep venous circulation of lower limbs. A control group of 35 infertile women without TDs was included. A single TD was found in 13 (17.8%) subjects, and 40 (54.8%) women presented a combined defect (more than three alterations). No residual mural thrombosis (RT) was noted in any deep veins. We found RT in 48 (65.8%) patients of TD group, while no RT was found in the control group ( p < 0.0001). None of the clinical and prothrombotic factors were predictors of RT (all p > 0.20), and frequency of TD did not correlate with multi-vessel RT ( p = 0.252). Conclusions No signs of deep vein thrombosis but high prevalence of superficial RT is present in infertile women with TDs. Further studies are needed to assess the prognostic value of our findings.

scholarly journals Acute fatigue effects on ground reaction force of lower limbs during countermovement jumps

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-745
Author(s):  
Carlos Gabriel Fábrica ◽  
Paula V. González ◽  
Jefferson Fagundes Loss
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
External Work ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
The Relationship

Parameters associated with the performance of countermovement jumps were identified from vertical ground reaction force recordings during fatigue and resting conditions. Fourteen variables were defined, dividing the vertical ground reaction force into negative and positive external working times and times in which the vertical ground reaction force values were lower and higher than the participant's body weight. We attempted to explain parameter variations by considering the relationship between the set of contractile and elastic components of the lower limbs. We determined that jumping performance is based on impulsion optimization and not on instantaneous ground reaction force value: the time in which the ground reaction force was lower than the body weight, and negative external work time was lower under fatigue. The results suggest that, during fatigue, there is less contribution from elastic energy and from overall active state. However, the participation of contractile elements could partially compensate for the worsening of jumping performance.

Detection Of 111-Indium Labelled Platelets In Experimental Venous Thrombosis

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Grimley ◽  
J Fejfar ◽  
R J Hawker ◽  
Z Drolc
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Partially Occluded

Successful detection of Indium-lll-oxine labelled platelets in venous thrombi offers a new meth od of diagnosis of venous thrombosis. Femoral vein thrombosis was established in 20 dogs by a combination of partial venous occlusion and vein electrification. In this model, thrombosis is first detectable on venography after 48 hours. Autologous labelled platelets were re-injected into each dog; a sham operation having been performed on the opposite femoral vein. Bilateral venography was performed 2 days and 7 days post-operatively and each dog was sacrificed after removal of femoral veins. Isotopic detection of venous thrombosis was determined by comparison of scintillation counts over each femoral vein daily for one week.Ratios of isotope counts between abnormal and normal legs indicated thrombus formation in 8 out of 10 dogs with known thrombi;two false negative results were due to hematoma formation. The mean duration of detection was 2.5 days. The counts were higher over venous thrombi in 3 out of 4 dogs who received platelet labelling prior to thrombus formation. Here, the mean duration of detection was 4 days. In 6 control animals, where veins were partially occluded only, counts were similar in each leg.

DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS PROPHYLAXIS IN SURGICALLY TREATED FRACTURED HIP PATIENTS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Powers ◽  
M Gent ◽  
R Jay ◽  
J Hirsh ◽  
M Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Thrombosis Prophylaxis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Warfarin Group ◽  
Deep Vein

Deep vein thrombosis is a major complication in'patients treated surgically for fractured hip. Methods employed toreduce the risk of thrombosis include dextran, ASA, warfarin, low or adjusted dose heparin and calf compression, but none has widespread acceptance.A randomized trial wascarried out to assess the effectiveness of sodium warfarinand acetyl salicylic acid(aspirin) compared to placebo inthe prevention of venous thrombosis in fractured hip patients. One hundred and ninty four patients were randomizedto receive warfarin (65 patients), ASA (66 patients) or placebo (63 patients).Prophylaxis commenced post operatively and continued for 21 days or until discharge, if earlier.Warfarin patients received 10 mg sodium warfarin orally as soon as possible after surgery. Warfarin was then given daily according to the prothrombin time (PT), to obtain a PT of 16 seconds on the 5th post operative day. The PT was maintain at 16 to 18 seconds until the end of treatment.ASA and placebo patients received enteric coated tablets, 650 mg twice daily, in a double blind fashion beginning as soon as possible post operatively and continuingto the end of treatment. Surveillance testing and I-fibrinogen leg scanning and impedance plethysmography was performed and venography was done if either test suggested thrombus at the popliteal vein or above. Otherwise venography was performed at day 21 or prior to discharge, if earlier. Venous thrombosis occurred in 13 patients (20%) in the warfarin group, 27 patients (^0.9%) in the ASA group, and 29 patients (46%) in the placebo group (P=0.005). Proximal vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism occurred in 6patients (9.2%) in the warfarin group,7 patients (10.6%) in the ASA and 19 patients (30.2%) in the placebo group (P=0.002). Two major hemorrhages occurred in the warfarin group, none in the ASA group, and 2 in the placebo group.The results of this study show sodium warfarin to be safeand effective in reducing thromboembolic complications infractured hip patients and ASA to be effective in reducing thrombosis involving the proximal deep veins of the lower limbs in these patients.

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 deletion affects the natural trafficking of Annexin A2 in monocytes and favours venous thrombosis in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (08) ◽  
pp. 1486-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Amadio ◽  
Eva Tarantino ◽  
Leonardo Sandrini ◽  
Elena Tremoli ◽  
Silvia Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Prostaglandin Endoperoxide ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase

SummaryDeep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common condition that often leads to pulmonary thromboembolism (VTE) and death. The role of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS)2 in arterial thrombosis has been well established, whereas its impact in venous thrombosis remains unclear. Here, we showed that PTGS2 deletion predisposes to venous thrombosis as suggested by greater clot firmness and clot elasticity, by higher plasma levels of functional fibrinogen, factor VIII and PAI-1 activity, and proved by bigger thrombi detected after inferior vena cava ligation (IVCL) compared to WT mice. PTGS2-/- thrombi have greater fibrin content, higher number of F4/80+, TF+ and ANXA2+ cells, and lower S100A10+ cells. Remarkably, monocyte depletion reduced thrombus size in mutant mice, suggesting an important role of PTGS2-/- monocytes in this experimental setting. Interestingly, PTGS2 deletion reduced membrane ANXA2, and total S100A10, promoted assembly of ANXA2/p50NF-kB complex and its nuclear accumulation, and induced TF in peritoneal macrophages, whereas ANXA2 silencing decreased dramatically TF. Finally, Carbaprostacyclin treatment prevented venous thrombus formation induced by IVCL in mutant mice, reduced the ANXA2 binding to p50NF-kB subunit and its nuclear trafficking, and decreased TF in PTGS2-/- macrophages. PTGS2 deletion, changing the natural distribution of ANXA2 in monocytes/macro-phages, increases TF expression and activity predisposing to venous thrombosis. Interestingly, Carbaprostacyclin treatment, inhibiting nuclear ANXA2 trafficking, controls monocyte TF activity and prevents DVT occurrence. Our data are of help in elucidating the mechanisms by which PTGS2 inhibition increases DVT risk, and suggest a new role for ANXA2 in venous thrombosis.Supplementary Material to this manuscript is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.

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