scholarly journals Pentingnya Vitamin A Untuk Ibu Menyusui serta Pembuatan Sosis Wortel di Desa Suka Maju Kabupaten Muaro Jambi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Herinawati Herinawati ◽  
Lia Artika Sari ◽  
Atika Atika ◽  
Iksaruddin Iksaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

19 million pregnant women are thought to have vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy and postpartum can seriously affect the health of the mother and baby. Vitamin A supplementation is sometimes recommended. Although the health consequences of Vitamin A deficiency (VAC) are not well defined, recent data suggest that VAD in women of reproductive age can increase the risk of morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and the early postpartum period. Severe VAC in the mother also poses a loss for newborns because it can result in an increase in mortality in the first month of life. The results showed that Vitamin A deficiency (VAC) is also associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially among toddlers. Every year it is estimated that more than 60,000 Indonesian children suffer from severe visual impairment and one third of them become blind which cannot be cured. This is because the consumption of vegetables is still low, including carrots. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the community about the importance of Vitamin A for postpartum and breastfeeding mothers as well as making carrot sausage in Suka Maju Village, RT.09 Mestong District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The target of this service is breastfeeding mothers and posyandu volunteers. This activity is carried out from February to May. Participants who took part in the activities of postpartum mothers and posyandu volunteers, located at the Village Midwife's House RT 09, Mestong District, Muaro Jambi Regency. It is recommended to the puskesmas, village heads to be able to socialize and apply in promoting the processing of foods containing vitamin A in their daily diet

Review of the Micronutrient Situation in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-154
Author(s):  
Joanne E. Arsenault ◽  
Deanna K. Olney
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Context Specific

Background: Rwanda’s commitment to reducing malnutrition is evident in their multisectoral nutrition policy and wide array of nutrition partners. However, the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and the suitability of current strategies to address existing deficiencies is unclear. Objective: To review the available evidence related to the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies across the life cycle and strategies in place to address them. Methods: We reviewed scientific and grey literature on nutritional problems in Rwanda, emphasizing micronutrient deficiencies and anemia, and current strategies to address micronutrient malnutrition. Results: Overall, there is scant evidence related to the types and prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among populations across the life cycle in Rwanda. Existing evidence is primarily limited to outdated or small regional surveys focusing on iron or vitamin A among women and young children. Surveys have assessed the prevalence of anemia and indicate that anemia is very high among young children and moderately high among other age-groups. However, there are limited data on the context-specific causes of anemia in Rwanda across population groups. Current nutrition strategies mainly target women and young children and are primarily designed to reduce vitamin A deficiency and/or anemia caused by micronutrient deficiencies. Conclusions: Rwanda has many nutrition programs in place that address micronutrient deficiencies in young children and a few for women of reproductive age. However, gaps exist in knowledge of the extent of different types of micronutrient deficiencies among all populations across the life cycle and whether the delivery of nutrients through current programs is meeting actual needs.

Vitamin A Supplementation and Measles

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
Glenn J. Fennelly
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

Vitamin A deficiency resulting from inadequate intake or induced by infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Measles, the major single infectious cause of mortality in children worldwide, is more severe in children who have preexisting vitamin A deficiency. Several recent studies suggest that: 1) measles is associated with depressed serum levels of vitamin A; 2) hyporetinemia, defined as a serum retinol of less than 0.7 µmol/L, is associated with increased mortality from measles, especially in children younger than 2 years of age; and 3) vitamin A will decrease the risk of complications and death when administered during the acute phase of illness (within 5 days of the onset of rash).

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Vitamin A Deficiency among Children and Women in Senegal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mane Hélène Faye ◽  
Nicole Idohou-Dossou ◽  
Abdou Badiane ◽  
Anta Agne-Djigo ◽  
Papa Mamadou DD Sylla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Like many developing countries, Senegal does not have data on the extent of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) that is representative of its population. The present survey was conducted to fill this gap and to identify factors associated with VAD, prior to the introduction of a large-scale vitamin A oil fortification program. Procedures: A nationwide representative cross-sectional survey involving 1887 children 12 to 59 months old and 1316 women of reproductive age (WRA) was conducted. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of retinol (PR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acidglycoprotein were measured. PR was adjusted for subclinical inflammation using the BRINDA regression methodology. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with VAD. Findings: The adjusted prevalence of VAD (PR ≤ 0.7 μmol/L) in children was 15.3% and differed by age group, area of residence, and socioeconomic status and half of them had subclinical inflammation. Among WRA, VAD was low (2.3%) and 18.1% had vitamin A insufficiency (VAI). Pregnant women were more affected by VAI (28.4%) and Dakar had lower figures compared with other cities and rural strata. Prevalence of VAI decreased with increasing wealth quintile. In logistic regression, abnormal CRP, poverty, scarce consumption of poultry, oysters, melon, red palm oil, palm kernel oil, Saba senegalensis fruit pulp (Maad) and cowpea, frequent consumption of leeks and consumption of Leptadenia hastata leaves (Mbuum tiakhat), were associated with VAD in children. For women, lower socioeconomic status, fair or poor health status and anemia were negatively associated with VAI. Conclusions: In Senegal, VAD is a moderate public health problem in children and slight among women. Particular attention should be paid to children older than 23 months, pregnant women, rural populations, and poorest households. Nutritional interventions should be implemented alongside morbidity prevention and control. Keywords: vitamin A deficiency, children 12-59 months, women of reproductive age, Senegal.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the uptake and impact of neonatal vitamin A supplementation delivered through the Lady Health Worker programme on neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality in rural Pakistan: an effectiveness trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajid Soofi ◽  
Shabina Ariff ◽  
Kamran Sadiq ◽  
Atif Habib ◽  
Zaid Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Lady Health Worker ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Populations At Risk

BackgroundDespite evidence for the benefits of vitamin A supplementation (VAS) among children 6 to 59 months of age, the feasibility of introduction and potential benefit of VAS in the neonatal period in public health programmes is uncertain.ObjectiveThe primary objective was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of early neonatal VAS (single dose of 50 000 international units within 48–72 hours after birth) delivered through the public sector Lady Health Worker (LHW) programme in rural Pakistan and to document its association with a reduction in mortality at 6 months of age.MethodsA community-based, cluster randomised, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken in two districts of rural Pakistan. LHWs dispensed vitamin A/placebo in identical capsules to newborn infants within 48–72 hours of birth. Follow-up visits were undertaken at 1 week of age and every 4 weeks thereafter until 6 months of age.ResultsOf a total of 15 433 consecutive pregnancies among eligible women of reproductive age, 13 225 pregnancies were registered, 12 218 live births identified and 11 028 newborn infants reached by LHWs. Of these, 5380 (49%) received neonatal VAS and 5648 (51%) placebo. The LHWs successfully delivered the capsules to 79% of newborns within 72 hours of birth with no significant adverse effects. Although the proportion of days observed with symptoms of fever, diarrhoea or rapid breathing were lower with neonatal VAS, these differences were not statistically significant. Mortality rates in the two groups were comparable at 6 months of age.ConclusionsWhile our study demonstrated that neonatal VAS was safe and could be feasibly delivered by LHWs in Pakistan as part of their early postnatal visits, the overall lack of benefit on neonatal and 6-month morbidity and mortality in our population suggests the need for further evaluation of this intervention in populations at risk.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT00674089.

Vitamin A Supplementation during Pregnancy Enhances Pandemic H1N1 Vaccine Response in Mothers, but Enhancement of Transplacental Antibody Transfer May Depend on When Mothers Are Vaccinated during Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 1968-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaikh M Ahmad ◽  
Md J Alam ◽  
Afsana Khanam ◽  
Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Sharmin Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
H1n1 Vaccine ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn the growing embryo, the vitamin A requirement is tightly regulated. Maternal vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy may alter maternal immune function to accommodate the fetus.ObjectiveOur primary objective was to determine the effect of oral vitamin A supplementation (VAS) during pregnancy and until 6 mo postpartum on pandemic H1N1-vaccine responses in mothers and their infants at 6 mo of age.MethodsIn this randomized controlled clinical trial, pregnant women (n = 112) during the second trimester (mean ± SD: 14 ± 1 wk) were assigned to receive either an oral dose of 10,000 IU vitamin A or placebo weekly until 6 mo postpartum. During the third trimester, mothers received a single dose of inactivated pandemic H1N1-influenza vaccine. Hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) titer was measured in cord, infant, and maternal blood samples. Multivariate regressions with adjustments were used for data analysis.ResultsSeventy-six percent of women had low plasma retinol concentrations (<1.05 μmol/L) in their second trimester. VAS of mothers increased vitamin A concentrations in cord blood by 21.4% and in colostrum by 40.7%. At 6 mo postpartum, women in the vitamin A group had 38.7% higher HAI titers and a higher proportion of HAI titer of ≥1:40 of the cutoff compared with the placebo group. A total of 54.5% of infants had an HAI titer ≥1:40 at 6 mo of age, but there was no difference in HAI titer in infants between groups. Overall, HAI in cord blood did not differ between groups, but in the placebo group, cord blood HAI was negatively associated with maternal “vaccination-to-delivery intervals” (rs = −0.401; P = 0.5), and maternal VAS increased cord blood HAI 6-fold if antenatal immunization was administered ≥10 wk before delivery.ConclusionsIn a community with low vitamin A status, weekly maternal VAS during pregnancy and postpartum increases the breast-milk vitamin A concentration and enhances prenatal H1N1-vaccine responses in mothers, but the benefits of maternal VAS in transplacental antibody transfer may depend on the time of gestation when mothers were vaccinated. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00817661.

scholarly journals Approaches to Assess Vitamin A Status in Settings of Inflammation: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) Project

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Larson ◽  
Junjie Guo ◽  
Anne Williams ◽  
Melissa Young ◽  
Sanober Ismaily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Regression Approach

The accurate estimation of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is critical to informing programmatic and policy decisions that could have important public health implications. However, serum retinol and retinol binding protein (RBP) concentrations, two biomarkers often used to estimate VAD, are temporarily altered during the acute phase response, potentially overestimating the prevalence of VAD in populations with high levels of inflammation. In 22 nationally-representative surveys, we examined (1) the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) or α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and retinol or RBP, and (2) how different adjustment approaches for correcting for inflammation compare with one another. In preschool age children (PSC) and school age children (SAC), the association between inflammation and retinol and RBP was largely statistically significant; using the regression approach, adjustments for inflammation decreased the estimated prevalence of VAD compared to unadjusted VAD (range: −22.1 to −6.0 percentage points). In non-pregnant women of reproductive age (WRA), the association between inflammation and vitamin A biomarkers was inconsistent, precluding adjustments for inflammation. The burden of VAD can be overestimated if inflammation is not accounted for, and the regression approach provides a method for adjusting retinol and RBP for inflammation across the full range of concentrations in PSC and SAC.

scholarly journals The Effects of Two Maternal Vitamin A Supplementation Regimens on Serum Retinol in Postpartum Mothers: A Randomised Controlled Trial in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Marques Andreto ◽  
Ilma Kruze Grande de Arruda ◽  
Ariani Impieri Souza ◽  
José Natal Figueiroa ◽  
Alcides da Silva Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Objective. To test whether the serum retinol level in mothers supplemented with 400,000 IU of vitamin A is higher than in those supplemented with 200,000 IU and to estimate duration of the protective effect of vitamin A supplementation in the serum retinol level. Methods. Double-blind, randomised controlled trial performed in two hospitals in the state of Pernambuco in northeast Brazil. Three hundred twelve mothers were recruited immediately postpartum. All women received a capsule containing 200,000 IU of vitamin A, and 10 days after delivery, they were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group received a second capsule containing vitamin A and the other group received a placebo. Each group was invited back after 2, 4, and 6 months for serum retinol analyses. Results. No difference was found between the two groups in serum maternal retinol concentration at 2 months (2.13 versus 2.03 μmol/L), 4 months (2.20 versus 2.24 μmol/L) or 6 months (2.29 versus 2.31 μmol/L). Because there was no further effect and because this population has a level of vitamin A deficiency considered mild, our results do not support a proposal to increase the dosing schedule for vitamin A in postpartum women as recommended by the IVACG.

scholarly journals Low Prevalence of Iron and Vitamin A Deficiency among Cambodian Women of Reproductive Age

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Wieringa ◽  
Prak Sophonneary ◽  
Sophie Whitney ◽  
Bunsoth Mao ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Prevalence

scholarly journals Prevalence and public health relevance of micronutrient deficiencies and undernutrition in pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2016-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Rohner ◽  
Christine Northrop-Clewes ◽  
Andres B Tschannen ◽  
Patrice E Bosso ◽  
Valérie Kouassi-Gohou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

AbstractObjectiveTo provide nationally representative data on the prevalence of anaemia, vitamin A and Fe deficiencies among pre-school age children (pre-SAC) and non-pregnant women of reproductive age (WRA), and on vitamin B12and folate deficiencies in WRA, and the influence of inflammation on their interpretation.DesignA cross-sectional survey to measure anthropometry, malaria parasitaemia and micronutrient status. Specifically, blood samples were analysed for Hb, plasma ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, C-reactive protein, α1-acid glycoprotein, retinol-binding protein, vitamin B12and folate.SettingCôte d'Ivoire in 2007.SubjectsNine hundred and twenty-eight WRA and 879 pre-SAC.ResultsIn WRA, prevalence ofPlasmodiumparasitaemia (5 %) was low, but inflammation (34 %) was higher. Anaemia was a severe public health problem and prevalence differed by residency and eco-region. Inflammation-adjusted Fe deficiency was highest in urban areas (20 %). Nationally, folate deficiency was 86 %, higher in urban areas and varied by eco-region. Prevalence of vitamin B12deficiency was low but higher in the rural areas and the north. Inflammation-adjusted vitamin A deficiency was very low (1 %). In pre-SAC, prevalence of inflammation (67 %) andPlasmodiumparasites (25 %) was high; the latter was associated with poverty, rural residency and higher ferritin concentrations. Anaemia was classified as a severe public health problem (72 %), and was higher in rural areas (76 %) and the north (87 %). A quarter of pre-SAC suffered from vitamin A deficiency (inflammation-adjusted) and prevalence of undernutrition was high.ConclusionsPrevalence of inflammation,Plasmodiumparasitaemia and micronutrient deficiencies were high in Côte d'Ivoire, particularly in pre-SAC. Nutritional interventions should be accompanied by strategies to reduce exposure to infections.

scholarly journals Early retinoic acid deprivation in developing zebrafish results in microphthalmia

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG-GAM T. LE ◽  
JOHN E. DOWLING ◽  
D. JOSHUA CAMERON
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Eye Development ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Optokinetic Reflex ◽  
Eye Size ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractVitamin A deficiency causes impaired vision and blindness in millions of children around the world. Previous studies in zebrafish have demonstrated that retinoic acid (RA), the acid form of vitamin A, plays a vital role in early eye development. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of early RA deficiency by treating zebrafish with diethylaminobenzaldehyde (DEAB), a potent inhibitor of the enzyme retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) that converts retinal to RA. Zebrafish embryos were treated for 2 h beginning at 9 h postfertilization. Gross morphology and retinal development were examined at regular intervals for 5 days after treatment. The optokinetic reflex (OKR) test, visual background adaptation (VBA) test, and the electroretinogram (ERG) were performed to assess visual function and behavior. Early treatment of zebrafish embryos with 100 μM DEAB (9 h) resulted in reduced eye size, and this microphthalmia persisted through larval development. Retinal histology revealed that DEAB eyes had significant developmental abnormalities but had relatively normal retinal lamination by 5.5 days postfertilization. However, the fish showed neither an OKR nor a VBA response. Further, the retina did not respond to light as measured by the ERG. We conclude that early deficiency of RA during eye development causes microphthalmia as well as other visual defects, and that timing of the RA deficiency is critical to the developmental outcome.

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