Regression analysis to estimate the response of the respiratory organs to exposure of air microtoxicants in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Inroduction. The assessment of the respiratory system is of particular importance in the context of increasing impact of anthropogenic factors on human health. Aim. Evaluation the response of the lung function indices to the effects of micro-suspensions and toxic metals in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), using regression models. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients with stable mild-to-moderate COPD and 30 healthy people (the control group). The analysis of lung function was carried out by spirometry and body plethysmography. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2 ) was measured by pulse oximetry. Exhaled CO2 concentration and blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb%) concentration were assessed using a portable analyzer MicroCO Meter. The pollution of the city atmosphere was assessed by aerosol suspensions of solid particles in the areas of residence of the examined patients. Fractional composition of suspended particles (0-1, 1-10, 10-50, 50-100, 100-400, 400-700,> 700 μm; %) were analyzed in the areas of residence of the examined patients. Toxic metal (Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; μg/L) levels in the air samples were determined. The statistical module "Multiple regression" was used for assessing the response of functional parameters of the respiratory system. Results. The analysis of one-factor and multi-factor regression models made it possible to identify both trigger factors of dust and technogenic air pollution and the synergistic effect of the influence of dominant factors. It has been shown that multifactorial reactions to technogenic impact manifest as altered blood oxygen saturation and carboxyhemoglobin level and thereby contribute to the development of respiratory failure. Conclusion. Patients with COPD exhibited increased bronchial resistance to the effect of the trigger factor (Pb – 1 hazard class) associated with high motorization of the city. The response of pulmonary gas exchange (SaO2 ) to Pb in the control group indicates prolonged exposure to toxic metals can cause developing respiratory failure even in the healthy population of the city.

Download Full-text

Test with external peripheral vascular occlusion in evaluation of ergoreflex in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.23888/pavlovj2019274451-457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 451-457

Author(s):

Aleksey V. Kosyakov ◽

Vladimir N. Abrosimov

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Nervous System ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Respiratory System ◽

Vascular Occlusion ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Peripheral Vascular ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Software Complex

Aim. To evaluate changes in the cardiointervalogram (CIG) in the test with external peripheral vascular occlusion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in individuals without diseases of the respiratory system. Materials and Methods. The study included 105 men, of them 64 patients with COPD (age 64.988.67) and 41 volunteers without diseases of the respiratory system (age 61.689.21). The autonomic status was examined and alterations in CIG in the test with occlusion were evaluated on Varicard hardware and software complex (OOO Ramena, Russia). Results. The obtained data showed the autonomic imbalance with predomination of the activity of sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in patients with COPD as compared to the control group (p0.05). A study of ergoreflex by analysis of changes in CIG showed reduction of the activity of sympathetic division of the ANS in the test with external peripheral vascular occlusion in individuals without diseases of the respiratory system. In patients with COPD, changes in CIG in the test were less expressed and not always achieved statistically significant level (p0.05). Conclusions. Differences in the results of the test with external peripheral vascular occlusion in patients with COPD and volunteers without diseases of the respiratory system are attributed to hyperactivation of ergofeflex in patents with COPD.

Download Full-text

WeChat as a Platform for Baduanjin Intervention in Patients With Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in China: Retrospective Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.23548 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Junjie Bi ◽

Wei Yang ◽

Ping Hao ◽

Yongmei Zhao ◽

Dan Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Function ◽

Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽

Life Quality ◽

Satisfaction Survey ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

BACKGROUND Pulmonary rehabilitation is a crucial part of the nonpharmacological treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but management remains problematic. WeChat could serve as a useful tool in patient management. Baduanjin is a popular exercise in China that is usually applied in pulmonary rehabilitation, which has been confirmed to be effective in improving lung function and life quality. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the efficiency of WeChat in the management of Baduanjin exercise in COPD patients. METHODS A total of 200 patients from the respiratory department of Putuo Hospital participated in the Baduanjin rehabilitation project from September 2018 to October 2019, and were randomly assigned to the WeChat and control groups and followed up using the WeChat platform or telephone for 12 weeks. The frequency of Baduanjin exercise, lung function (percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second predicted, FEV1% predicted), and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores were collected and compared between the two groups. The number of message exchanges and a satisfaction survey on the WeChat platform were used to assess the feasibility of WeChat management outside the hospital. RESULTS The Baduanjin exercise frequency significantly differed between the control group and WeChat group (F=33.82, P<.001) and across various time points (F=214.87, P<.001). After the follow-up on WeChat, there were fewer patients not performing Baduanjin exercise. The FEV1% predicted value significantly differed before and after Baduanjin exercise in the control group (Z=−3.686, P<.001) and the WeChat group (Z=−6.985, P<.001). A significant difference in the FEV1% predicted value was observed after Baduanjin exercise between the two groups (Z=−3.679, P<.001). The CAT score significantly differed before and after Baduanjin exercise in the control group (Z=−4.937, P<.001) and the WeChat group (Z=−5.246, P<.001). A significant difference in the CAT score was observed after Baduanjin exercise between the two groups (Z=−5.246, P<.001). The number of completed Baduanjin exercises, lung function, and CAT scores in active patients were higher than those in nonactive patients. All satisfaction survey items were scored with more than 4 points. Among the items, the highest score (mean 4.54, SD 0.77) was for continued WeChat management, followed by the effective management of Baduanjin exercise (mean 4.46, SD 0.87). The patients in the WeChat group showed much higher enthusiasm for and compliance with Baduanjin exercise, resulting in better life quality and lung function. The patients were very satisfied with the WeChat management because of the obvious curative effect and home feeling. CONCLUSIONS The WeChat platform provided a feasible, effective, and sustainable management plan for Baduanjin rehabilitation. CLINICALTRIAL Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900028248; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=46995

Download Full-text

Application of Dejian Psychosomatic Therapy to Smokers with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.7.6.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 5103-5107

Author(s):

Liu Xin

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Lung Function ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Good Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Group Control Group

To explore the intervention effect of Dejian psychosomatic therapy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in elderly smokers, in as to improve clinical impact of COPD in smokers who are the aged. Forty elderly smokers with COPD were comprise of treatment group, control group, which are trained for 45 days to test the following indicators. Vital mass Index (VMI), forced Vital capacity (FVC), Maximum Chase air volume (MVV) and so on showed significant improvement in lung function indicators in both the treatment group and the control group (P < 0.05). Improvement impact of control group was not better than that of the treatment group, with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Dejian psychosomatic therapy has a systematic good effect on copd smokers, promoting the improvement and promotion of lung function, and strengthening the physical function of copd smokers in stable stage.

Download Full-text

Tiotropium Bromide Attenuates Mucus Hypersecretion in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/1341644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Suyun Yu ◽

Caili Zhang ◽

Zhijun Yan ◽

Qingqing Fang ◽

Xiwen Gao

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Lung Function ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Tiotropium Bromide ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Mucus Hypersecretion ◽

Acid Glycoprotein

Background. Patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been observed to benefit from tiotropium bromide. However, there are few studies of tiotropium bromide on sputum and sputum viscosity. To evaluate the effect of tiotropium bromide on mucus hypersecretion, a randomized, double-blind controlled trial was performed. Methods. 120 cases of patients with pulmonary function grade II were divided into two groups, which include the treatment group given tiotropium bromide powder inhalation (18 μg, inhalation, QD) and the control group given formoterol fumarate powder inhalation (12 μg, inhalation, BID) plus ambroxol hydrochloride tablets (60 mg, oral, TID). After 3 months of treatment, the pulmonary function and α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP) in sputum were detected, and the changes of glycoprotein and Ca2+ content were evaluated by Miller classification. Results. Three patients (2 cases in the treatment group and 1 case in the control group) were dropped due to loss of follow-up, and 117 cases of patients were enrolled in this study. After 3 months of treatment, the sputum character score, α1-acid glycoprotein, Ca2+ content, and lung function of the two groups were significantly improved; group comparison analyses revealed that there was no significant difference in the content of α1-AGP, Ca2+ in sputum, and lung function between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ), but the improvement of sputum properties was significant ( P < 0.05 ), and the treatment group was better than the control group ( t = − 2.77 ; P = 0.007 ). Conclusions. Inhaled tiotropium bromide can effectively inhibit the mucus hypersecretion in stable COPD patients, improve the sputum properties and lung function of patients, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Download Full-text

Physical Benefit of Postoperative Exercise Training on Lung Cancer Patients Comorbid with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-810116/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhonghua Yu ◽

Guosheng Xie ◽

Hongchen He

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Function ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Cancer Patients

Abstract Background: The prognosis of lung cancer is heavily affected by the comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this trial is to investigate whether postoperative exercise training can improve physical function and lung function of lung cancer patients comorbid with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods: Both groups were given standard postoperative rehabilitation for one week. After that, oxygen therapy (if needed) and nebulization were given to control group, while patients in exercise group started to participate in exercise programs on the basis of receiving oxygen therapy and nebulization as same as in control group. The exercise programs consisted of 24 training sessions. Cardiopulmonary exercise test and 6-minute walk test were used to assess the physical capacity. Data in pulmonary function test like force vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in first second were used to assess the overall lung function.Results: In both groups, the functional status and the result of pulmonary function test decreased from baseline to endpoint. But after surgery and intervention program, both the maximal oxygen consumption in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test and walking distance in 6-Minute Walk Test in exercise group were significantly better than control group [13.09(±1.46) mL/kg/min vs 11.89(±1.38) mL/kg/min, P=0.033; 297(46) m vs 243(43) m, P=0.041]. FVC and FEV1 in exercise group were better than control group, but the differences didn’t meet statistically significant level [1.76(±0.19) L vs 1.60(±0.28) L, P=0.084; 1.01(±0.17) L vs 0.96(±0.21) L, P=0.467].Conclusions: Postoperative exercise training program can facilitate recovery of functional capacity of lung cancer patients with comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Postoperative lung function appears superior in patients who participated in exercise training, only fails to reach a statistically meaningful level.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100042867, Registered 13 May 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.

Download Full-text

Relationship between gut microbiota and lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 1-year follow-up study

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-022-01928-8 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Chi Chiu ◽

Shih-Wei Lee ◽

Chi-Wei Liu ◽

Tzuo-Yun Lan ◽

Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Function ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Lung Function Decline ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Function Group

Abstract Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by a persistent limitation in airflow. Gut microbiota is closely correlated with lung inflammation. However, gut microbiota has not been studied in patients with declining lung function, due to chronic lung disease progression. Subjects and methods Stool samples were obtained from 55 patients with COPD that were in stable condition at enrolment (stage 1) and at a 1-year follow-up (stage 2). After extracting stool DNA, we performed next generation sequencing to analyse the distribution of gut microbiota. Results Patients were divided to control and declining lung function groups, based on whether the rate of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) had declined over time. An alpha diversity analysis of initial and follow-up stool samples showed a significant difference in the community richness of microbiota in the declining function group, but not in the control group. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes was more abundant in the control group and Firmicutes was more abundant in the declining function group. The Alloprevotella genus was more abundant in the control group than in the declining function group. At 1-year follow-up, the mean proportions of Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas significantly increased in the control and declining function groups, respectively. Conclusion Some community shifts in gut microbiota were associated with lung function decline in COPD patients under regular treatment. Future studies should investigate the mechanism underlying alterations in lung function, due to changes in gut bacterial communities, in COPD.

Download Full-text

Effect of Pursed-Lip Breathing using a Windmill Toy Model on Breathing Efficiency in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Trends in Sciences ◽

10.48048/tis.2021.714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 714

Author(s):

Sarawut Jansang ◽

Parunkul Tungsukruthai ◽

Sorachai Srisuma ◽

Kusuma Sriyakul ◽

Aungkana Krajarng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Lung Function ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Breathing Training ◽

Copd Patients ◽

New Form

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-highest cause of death in the world, also true in Thailand. There are various methods to treat COPD such as medication and non-drug therapies for respiratory rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of pursed-lip breathing (PLB) by using a windmill toy in COPD patients. The participants in this randomized controlled trial study were 60 to 75 years old. The total number of 46 participants were equally divided into 2 groups: The intervention group and the control group (23 participants each). The intervention group used breathing training through a windmill toy, whereas the control group received training in standard breathing patterns. The training was performed over sessions in 1 week. Lung function, respiratory muscle strength, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were recorded at baseline, and between 6 - 12 weeks (follow-up). The intervention group and the control group improved significantly in lung function and muscle strength (p < 0.05). In addition, 6MWT in the intervention group increased significantly when compared to the control group (p < 0.05) at week 12. In conclusion, the PLB using a windmill toy is a new form of breathing training that is effective in promoting the strength of the muscles used for breathing, lung performance, and cardiovascular function in COPD patients. HIGHLIGHTS The use of windmill toys is a new form of breathing exercise that is effective in strengthening Using innovative models applied in medicine and public health to promote prevention of severe disease The greatest benefit of pulmonary function training is that patients have a better quality of life and longer life

Download Full-text

Plasma Fibrinogen as a Biomarker of Stable and Exacerbated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The Open Biomarkers Journal ◽

10.2174/1875318302111010048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Kashifa Ehsan ◽

Sibgha Zulfiqar ◽

Amber Hassan ◽

Humaira Waseem

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Function ◽

Fibrinogen Level ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen Level ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lung Functions

Study Design: An experimental, comparative, cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Federal Post Graduate Medical Institute (FPGMI), Sheikh Zayed Medical Complex Lahore, Pakistan from August 2013 to 2014 Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease, but is a partially reversible chronic inflammatory condition characterized by airway obstruction. COPD remains under-diagnosed and under-treated because the only available diagnostic method at present is testing lung functions by spirometry which is not helpful to determine the severity and clinical outcomes of the disease. Circulating biomarkers are under consideration for various diseases worldwide. Plasma fibrinogen is emerging as one of the most promising biomarkers of COPD in smokers. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate if plasma fibrinogen can serve as a diagnostic biomarker of COPD in smokers, and if its further higher levels are seen in the exacerbated state of the disease in comparison to the stable disease. Materials and Methods: 75 middle-aged to old-age smokers of either gender were selected. Lung functions of every participant were measured to determine Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and the ratio of FEV1/FVC by spirometry. On the basis of the results of the tests, subjects were divided into three groups; firstly, the control group of chronic smokers without COPD, secondly, smokers with COPD in a stable state, and thirdly, patients in an exacerbated state of COPD. Plasma fibrinogen was quantitatively estimated in every individual of all three groups by the Clauss method using the Hemostat Fibrinogen kit. Results: The average Plasma fibrinogen level was found to be 235.008 mg/dl in healthy smokers (control group), while an average of 440.12mg/dl was measured in patients with stable COPD. The difference in plasma fibrinogen levels was found to be significant, having a p-value of (0.000). In the third group with declined lung function predicting acute exacerbated COPD, fibrinogen was found to be > 453.2 mg/dl, which was significantly higher than in the stable disease group (p-value > 0.0017) Conclusion: Plasma fibrinogen level measurement is a reliable and accessible test in terms of a diagnostic marker of COPD, as compared to conventional lung function testing done in the past.

Download Full-text

Deep Learning-Based Analysis of the Effect of Cardiac Color Ultrasound on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease under Mask Region

Scientific Programming ◽

10.1155/2021/2504848 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Yusheng He ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Qingyun Chen

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Lung Function ◽

Right Ventricular ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

The Right ◽

Experimental Group

This study was developed to analyze the application effect of cardiac ultrasound (CUS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. A mask region-based convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) algorithm was constructed for lung disease detection based on deep learning algorithms, and it was compared with the RetinaNet algorithm for lung disease detection. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and running time of the Mask R-CNN algorithm were statistically greater than those of the RetinaNet algorithm ( P < 0.05 ). A total of 92 cases confirmed with lung diseases by pathology were set as experimental group, including 23 cases of COPD classification for level I, II, III, and IV. In addition, 20 cases of healthy adults were selected as control group. The experimental group was compared with the control group, as the lung function decreased, the right atrium diameter (RAD), right ventricle diameter (RVD), and the right ventricular anterior wall thickness (RVAW) increased, the right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) gradually decreased, and the AWT-RV, the interventricular septal thickness (IVST), and right ventricular end-diastole volume (RVEDV) changed greatly in the lung function classification ( P < 0.01 ). It was concluded that the CUS based on the Mask R-CNN algorithm could show the changes in bronchial lumen volume at all levels and could detect and evaluate the lung function diseases.

Download Full-text

Methods of rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Russian Pulmonology ◽

10.18093/0869-0189-2008-0-3-54-58 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 54-58

Author(s):

M. A. Rassulova

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Respiratory Failure ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Clinical, laboratory, and functional investigations were performed in 279 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mean age, 57.0 ± 2.4 years. According to severity of the disease, the patients were distributed as follows: 52.7 % had mild COPD and 47.3 % had moderatestage COPD. Mild respiratory failure was in 50.5 % of the patients, moderate respiratory failure was in 32.3 %, severe respiratory failure was in 17.2 % of the patients. All the patients were randomized in 8 equal groups. Seven groups of patients were treated with basic medications, balneological and electric therapy, and physiotherapy. The control group patients received physiotherapy and basic drugs. Non-drug treatment strategies have multiple effects not only on respiratory pathology but also on systemic manifestations of COPD; they have long-term post-treatment effect and could be targeted to certain mechanisms of the disease. This makes us to consider the physical therapeutic factors not only as a way to potentiate effects of basic medications but also as an important tool of secondary prevention of exacerbations and progression of COPD. Our clinical findings have been confirmed by morphological results, data of biochemical blood test, sputum microscopy, spirometry, monitoring of immune parameters, central haemodynamics and physical capacity, short-term and long-term assessment of quality of life.

Download Full-text