Root Application Efficacy of Plant Biostimulants in a Tunisian Portulaca Oleracea l. Cultivar Grown under Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Bochra Laribi ◽  
◽  
Taoufik Bettaieb ◽  
Kouki Khalfallah Karima
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Relative Water

Plants biostimulants (PBs) have been shown to play multiple roles in plant growth and to improve crop tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The present investigation was undertaken for the first time to study the effect of PBs - a plant-derived protein hydrolysate (PH), a root activator (RA) and a root stimulator (RS) - on Portulaca oleracea L. tolerance to salt stress. For this purpose, a Tunisian P. oleracea cultivar was cultivated in pots under a greenhouse. Plants were treated with a factorial combination of three nutrient solutions (non-salt control, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) and three PBs were applied to roots. Growth and physiological parameters were then determined. Main results showed that salt stress decreased shoot and root dry biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents while it increased the content in total soluble sugars, proline and relative water contents. However, root application of the three PBs induced some significant differences in the agronomical and physiological responses between PB treated and untreated plants when subjected to sodium chloride salinity from 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Overall, the present study proves that the root application of these PBs increases the performance of P. oleracea plants under salinity conditions. Therefore, PBs can be used to improve the salt-stress tolerance of vegetable crops by increasing their physiological responses to abiotic stress Portulaca oleracea L.; plant; salinity; biostimulant; growth; physiology

scholarly journals Biochar Mediated-Alleviation of Chromium Stress and Growth Improvement of Different Maize Cultivars in Tannery Polluted Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4461
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asaad Bashir ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Cr Toxicity ◽  
Relative Water

Soil pollution with heavy metal is a serious problem across the globe and is on the rise due to the current intensification of chemical industry. The leather industry is one of them, discharging chromium (Cr) in huge quantities during the process of leather tanning and polluting the nearby land and water resources, resulting in deterioration of plant growth. In this study, the effects of biochar application at the rate of 3% were studied on four maize cultivars, namely NK-8441, P-1543, NK-8711, and FH-985, grown in two different tannery polluted Kasur (K) and Sialkot (S) soils. Maize plants were harvested at vegetative growth and results showed that Cr toxicity adversely not only affected their growth, physiology, and biochemistry, but also accumulated in their tissues. However, the level of Cr toxicity, accumulation, and its influence on maize cultivars varied greatly in both soils. In this pot experiment, biochar application played a crucial role in lessening the Cr toxicity level, resulting in significant increase in plant height, biomass (fresh and dry), leaf area, chlorophyll pigments, photosynthesis, and relative water content (RWC) over treatment set as a control. However, applied biochar significantly decreased the electrolyte leakage (EL), antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, proline content, soluble sugars, and available fraction of Cr in soil as well as Cr (VI and III) concentration in root and shoot tissues of maize plant. In addition to this, maize cultivar differences were also found in relation to their tolerance to Cr toxicity and cultivar P-1543 performed better over other cultivars in both soils. In conclusion, biochar application in tannery polluted soils could be an efficient ecofriendly approach to reduce the Cr toxicity and to promote plant health and growth.

scholarly journals Variations in α–, β–Amylase and α–Glycosidase Activities in Two genotypes of Wheat Under NACL Salinity Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaffei Haouari Chiraz ◽  
Hajjaji Nasraoui Afef ◽  
Bouthour Donia ◽  
Gouia Houda
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Relative Water

Abstract Two wheat differing in salt sensitivity, was examined for osmolyte contents and activities of α-amylase, β-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes involved in seeds germination, in absence as well as in presence of 100, 150, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. The inhibitory effects of NaCl differed, depending on the species tested. In wild wheat specie (Triticum monococcum), with reduced germination percentage and lower relative water content, the increase in NaCl concentration resulted in the decrease in endogenous level of proline, total soluble sugars and activities of the main enzymes involved in the germination process. In contrast, cultivated wheat specie (Triticum aestivum) seed in response to salt stress accumulated higher proline and total soluble carbohydrate concentrations which improved their water status and the enzyme activities involved in the germination process. Differential response of the different species of wheat to salt stress is governed by the accumulation of osmolytes in seeds.

scholarly journals In vitro Osmotic Stress Memory in Chrisanthemum hybridum: Structural and Physiological Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiia Samarina ◽  
Valentina Malyarovskaya ◽  
Yulija Abilfazova ◽  
Natalia Platonova ◽  
Kristina Klemeshova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Relative Water

Structural and physiological responses of chrysanthemum to repeated osmotic stress were studied. Plants were cultured for 2 weeks (for each stress1 and stress 2) on half MS supplemented with mannitol 100 mM (Treatment I) and 200 mM (Treatment II). First stress inhibited growth parameters stronger than second stress in treatment I. In treatment II both stress events strongly inhibited growth parameters of micro‐shoots. Proline content exceeded control 6 ‐ 8 times after 1st stress, and 2 ‐ 5 times after the 2nd stress in treatments I and II, respectively. Soluble protein was accumulated in leaves during both stress exposures, and 2 ‐ 2.5 times exceeded control after the 2nd stress. Relative water content in both treatments increased after the 2nd stress exposure. In treatment II chlorophyll а and carotenoids contents were 8.78 and 4.62 mg/g comparing to control (4.21 and 2.25 mg/g, respectively) after the 1st stress. But after the 2nd stress there was no difference with control.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 27(2): 161-169, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Jasmonates and Plant Salt Stress: Molecular Players, Physiological Effects, and Improving Tolerance by Using Genome-Associated Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3082
Author(s):  
Celia Delgado ◽  
Freddy Mora-Poblete ◽  
Sunny Ahmar ◽  
Jen-Tsung Chen ◽  
Carlos R. Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Ja Signaling

Soil salinity is one of the most limiting stresses for crop productivity and quality worldwide. In this sense, jasmonates (JAs) have emerged as phytohormones that play essential roles in mediating plant response to abiotic stresses, including salt stress. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms underlying the activation and response of the JA-biosynthesis and JA-signaling pathways under saline conditions in Arabidopsis and several crops. In this sense, molecular components of JA-signaling such as MYC2 transcription factor and JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) repressors are key players for the JA-associated response. Moreover, we review the antagonist and synergistic effects between JA and other hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA). From an applied point of view, several reports have shown that exogenous JA applications increase the antioxidant response in plants to alleviate salt stress. Finally, we discuss the latest advances in genomic techniques for the improvement of crop tolerance to salt stress with a focus on jasmonates.

scholarly journals Salinity Stress Affects Photosynthesis, Malondialdehyde Formation, and Proline Content in Portulaca oleracea L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Helena Hnilickova ◽  
Kamil Kraus ◽  
Pavla Vachova ◽  
Frantisek Hnilicka
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malondialdehyde Formation ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mda Content

In this investigation, the effect of salt stress on Portulaca oleracea L. was monitored at salinity levels of 100 and 300 mM NaCl. At a concentration of 100 mM NaCl there was a decrease in stomatal conductance (gs) simultaneously with an increase in CO2 assimilation (A) at the beginning of salt exposure (day 3). However, the leaf water potential (ψw), the substomatal concentration of CO2 (Ci), the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and the proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content remained unchanged. Exposure to 300 mM NaCl caused a decrease in gs from day 3 and a decrease in water potential, CO2 assimilation, and Fv/Fm from day 9. There was a large increase in proline content and a significantly higher MDA concentration on days 6 and 9 of salt stress compared to the control group. After 22 days of exposure to 300 mM NaCl, there was a transition from the C4 cycle to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), manifested by a rapid increase in substomatal CO2 concentration and negative CO2 assimilation values. These results document the tolerance of P. oleracea to a lower level of salt stress and the possibility of its use in saline localities.

Mechanism by which salt stress induces physiological responses and regulates tanshinone synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Wancong Yu ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Ceng Wang ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Zhaohui Xue
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses

scholarly journals Simultaneous Biochemical and Physiological Responses of the Roots and Leaves of Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae) to Mild Salt Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Simona Carfagna ◽  
Giovanna Salbitani ◽  
Michele Innangi ◽  
Bruno Menale ◽  
Olga De Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Organic Osmolytes ◽  
Glutathione Disulfide ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Pancratium Maritimum

Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae) is a bulbous geophyte growing on coastal sands. In this study, we investigated changes in concentrations of metabolites in the root and leaf tissue of P. maritimum in response to mild salt stress. Changes in concentrations of osmolytes, glutathione, sodium, mineral nutrients, enzymes, and other compounds in the leaves and roots were measured at 0, 3, and 10 days during a 10-day exposure to two levels of mild salt stress, 50 mM NaCl or 100 mM NaCl in sandy soil from where the plants were collected in dunes near Cuma, Italy. Sodium accumulated in the roots, and relatively little was translocated to the leaves. At both concentrations of NaCl, higher values of the concentrations of oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), compared to reduced glutathione (GSH), in roots and leaves were associated with salt tolerance. The concentration of proline increased more in the leaves than in the roots, and glycine betaine increased in both roots and leaves. Differences in the accumulation of organic osmolytes and electron donors synthesized in both leaves and roots demonstrate that osmoregulatory and electrical responses occur in these organs of P. maritimum under mild salt stress.

scholarly journals Salt-tolerance screening in Limonium sinuatum varieties with different flower colors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Xu ◽  
Yingli Zhou ◽  
Ping Mi ◽  
Baoshan Wang ◽  
Fang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Gland ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Whole Plants

AbstractLimonium sinuatum, a member of Plumbaginaceae commonly known as sea lavender, is widely used as dried flower. Five L. sinuatum varieties with different flower colors (White, Blue, Pink, Yellow, and Purple) are found in saline regions and are widely cultivated in gardens. In the current study, we evaluated the salt tolerance of these varieties under 250 mmol/L NaCl (salt-tolerance threshold) treatment to identify the optimal variety suitable for planting in saline lands. After the measurement of the fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), contents of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl−, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), relative water content, chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, and osmotic potential of whole plants, the salt-tolerance ability from strongest to weakest is identified as Pink, Yellow, Purple, White, and Blue. Photosynthetic rate was the most reliable and positive indicator of salt tolerance. The density of salt glands showed the greatest increase in Pink under NaCl treatment, indicating that Pink adapts to high-salt levels by enhancing salt gland formation. These results provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale planting of L. sinuatum in saline soils in the future.

scholarly journals Physiological Response of Thallasia hemprichii on Antrophogenic Pressure In Pari Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Hikmat Nugraha ◽  
Dietriech G. Bengen ◽  
Mujizat Kawaroe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Nursery Ground ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Rhizome Growth ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem

Seagrass ecosystem is one of tropical marine ecosystem and have important function. The function of ecosystem like a feeding and nursery ground for marine biota. Antrophogenic pressure is one of threat for seagrass ecosystem sustainability. This research study about effect antropogenic pressure for seagrass Thallasia hemprichii physiology response in some different location at Great Barrier Pari Island. The physiology response study cover growth, heavy metal bioaccumulation and histology analysis. The result shows that growth of leaf and rhizome Thalassia hemprichii have positif correlation with nutrient consentration in environment. The highest growth of leaf Thalassia hemprichii at 2nd station (4.16 mm.day-1) and the highest growth of rhizome Thalassia hemprichii at 4th station (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass can accumulation heavy metal from environment. The highest heavy metal accumulation is Pb. Not correlation between heavy metal consentration in seagrass with heavy metal concentration from environment. Analysis histology result that not damage seagrass tissue in all research station. Keyword : Bioacumulation,Growth,Physiology,Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichiiSeagrass ecosystems is one of the tropical marine ecosystems that have important functions, among others as a feeding and nursery ground for marine life. Anthropogenic stress is one of the threats that may inhibit the survival of seagrass ecosystems. This study examines the effects of anthropogenic pressures on physiological responses of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii at several different locations in Pari Islands. Physiological responses studied were leaves and rhizome growth, bioaccumulation of heavy metals and histological tissue analysis on seagrass. The results showed that the growth response of seagrass has a positive correlation with the nutrients in the environment. Seagrass leaf growth is highest at Station 2 (4.16 mm.day-1) and rhizome growth is highest at Station 4 (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass accumulate heavy metals from the environment and accumulation of heavy metals is highest on Pb. There is no correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in the seagrass and environment. The results of histological analysis showed that there was no damage to the tissue of seagrass leaf and rhizome. Keywords : Bio-acumulation, Growth, Physiology, Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii

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