scholarly journals Simulasi evaporasi sweet water di unit evaporasi di unit produksi fatty acid menggunakan Hysys

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Novia ◽  
Jefry Muliady ◽  
Agung Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Crude Glycerine ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Sweet Water

Dalam proses pengolahan sweet water yang akan menjadi gliserin di industri oleochemicalakan melalui tahapan proses evaporasi. Proses evaporasi ini akan mempengaruhi dari %gliserin yang akan dihasilkan, semakin baik proses evaporasi maka akan semakin tinggi %gliserin yang didapatkan. Kegagalan dari proses evaporasi akan mengakibatkan kualitasdari % gliserin yang menurun dan tidak sesuai dengan mutu produk gliserin yang telahditetapkan oleh industri oleochemical. HYSYS merupakan program untuk mensimulasikanproses didalam suatu pabrik. Berdasarkan simulasi HYSYS, dapat diketahui mass flowsteam yang digunakan secara praktek sebesar 3.518 kg/h. Berdasarkan operasi praktek, nilaitotal gliserin pada setiap stage adalah balance. Tidak ada gliserin yang teruapkan. Stage Imemiliki performansi penguapan air paling tinggi yaitu 72.558%, sementara stage II danstage III hanya 3,756% dan 0,079%. Steam bertekanan lebih tinggi akan menghasilkan heatflow yang lebih tinggi pada pemanasan di EX742.01. Steam bertekanan yang lebih tinggiakan menghasilkan fraksi massa dan temperatur gliserin yang lebih tinggi pada produkakhir crude glycerine. Penggunaan steam yang bertekanan lebih tinggi tidak mempengaruhinilai total gliserin yang dihasilkan sebagai produk crude glycerine.

Crude glycerine characterization: analysis of free fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, and acylglycerides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Alejandra Maquirriain ◽  
Lucas Gabriel Tonutti ◽  
Carlos Alberto Querini ◽  
María Laura Pisarello
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Crude Glycerine ◽  
Acid Methyl

Temperature Dependence of the Critical Electron Dose for Fatty Acid Monolayers

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Strong Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Covalent Bonds

The structural damage of molecules irradiated by electrons is generally considered to occur in two steps. The direct result of inelastic scattering events is the disruption of covalent bonds. Following changes in bond structure, movement of the constituent atoms produces permanent distortions of the molecules. Since at least the second step should show a strong temperature dependence, it was to be expected that cooling a specimen should extend its lifetime in the electron beam. This result has been found in a large number of experiments, but the degree to which cooling the specimen enhances its resistance to radiation damage has been found to vary widely with specimen types.

Effect of light intensity on the ultrastructure of the filamentous cyanobacterium, Anabaena variabilis

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 300-301
Author(s):  
C. S. Bricker ◽  
S. R. Barnum ◽  
B. Huang ◽  
J. G. Jaworskl
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Anabaena Variabilis ◽  
Chloroplast Envelope ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Effect Of Light

Cyanobacteria are Gram negative prokaryotes that are capable of oxygenic photosynthesis. Although there are many similarities between eukaryotes and cyanobacteria in electron transfer and phosphorylation during photosynthesis, there are two features of the photosynthetic apparatus in cyanobacteria which distinguishes them from plants. Cyanobacteria contain phycobiliproteins organized in phycobilisomes on the surface of photosynthetic membrane. Another difference is in the organization of the photosynthetic membranes. Instead of stacked thylakolds within a chloroplast envelope membrane, as seen In eukaryotes, IntracytopIasmlc membranes generally are arranged in three to six concentric layers. Environmental factors such as temperature, nutrition and light fluency can significantly affect the physiology and morphology of cells. The effect of light Intensity shifts on the ultrastructure of Internal membrane in Anabaena variabilis grown under controlled environmental conditions was examined. Since a major constituent of cyanobacterial thylakolds are lipids, the fatty acid content also was measured and correlated with uItrastructural changes. The regulation of fatty acid synthesis in cyanobacteria ultimately can be studied if the fatty acid content can be manipulated.

Bright field and weak-beam images of dislocations gliding on (001) planes in F.C.C. metals

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
H. P. Karnthaler ◽  
A. Korner
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Dislocation Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Standard Orientation

In f.c.c. metals slip is observed to occur generally on {111} planes. Glide dislocations on intersecting {111} planes can react with each other and form Lomer-Cottrell locks which lie along a <110> direction and are sessile since they are split on two {111} planes. Cottrell already pointed out that these dislocations could glide on {001} planes if they were not split. The first study of this phenomenon has been published recently. It is the purpose of this paper to report some interesting new details of the dislocations gliding on {001} planes in pure Ni, Cu, and Ag deformed at room temperature.Single crystals are grown with standard orientation and strained into stage II. The crystals are sliced parallel to the (001) planes. The dislocation structure is studied by TEM and the Burgers vectors ḇ and glide planes of the dislocations are determined unambiguously.In Fig.l primary P and secondary S dislocations react and form composite dislocations K.

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

Fatty acid ketodienes and fatty acid ketotrienes: Michael addition acceptors that accumulate in wounded and diseased Arabidopsis leaves

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Vollenweider ◽  
Hans Weber ◽  
Stephanie Stolz ◽  
Aurore Chetelat ◽  
Edward E. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Michael Addition
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