scholarly journals Economic activities of enterprises: essence, conceptual paradigm, regulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Oksana Chumak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction. The economy of world is driven by corporations, enterprises of all forms of ownership and entrepreneurs, the basis of functioning which is economic activity, which transforms resources and processes into expected result – profit and satisfaction of social needs. In Ukraine, the normative base, scientific and professional sources interpret and determine the content of economic activity in most part, using the term economic activity (other interpretation), which determines controversy of economic and legal basis for a number of economic transactions. Thus, development of questions of clarifying terminology of economic activity and clarifying the limits of regulation of economic activity of enterprises of various social significance need to be developed. Methods. The research used methods of analysis, synthesis, concretization, which allowed to explore the content components and historical stages of understanding the economy and economic activity; methods of abstraction, logical generalization and comparison – for comparing the concepts of economic and economic (other interpretation) activity, comparison of foreign and domestic experience in the vision of the concept under study; generalization method and abstract methodology – for generating generalizations and conclusions of the study. Results. Meaningful understanding the concept of economic activity is investigated on the basis of the analysis of literary sources and normative acts, its significance from the economic, sociological, philosophical and legal point of view is revealed. The article presents a conceptual approach to the understanding of the definition of economic activity at the micro level. Discussion. Further research in this area should relate to the scientific substantiation of the management of economic activity of enterprises. Keywords. state-owned enterprise, economic activity, management, regulation.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF STRATEGIC AREAS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES IN ACCORDANCE WITH TENDENCIES IN EXPORT-IMPORT CHANGES

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Maryna Ivanova ◽  
Vasyl Shvets ◽  
Olena Varyanichenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Strategy Formation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction. The top management of enterprises, as a rule, have to solve several strategic issues when concluding a foreign trade contract, among which the choice of strategic direction of activity and the counterparty country is the highest priority. Methods. General and specific methods of system-structural analysis and synthesis were used to formulate the author's definition of "development strategy", to identify the interrelated stages of the development strategy formation; correlation-regression analysis was applied to determine the correlation density between imports and exports for the countries involved in Ukraine’s foreign trade in metallurgical products. Results. The theoretical study of approaches to the formation of a development strategy has allowed formulating the author's definition that the enterprise development strategy is a long-term plan, which contains complex decisions on choosing the direction of enterprise’s development, defining the major goals and models of actions for the formation and effective use of its potential; it also allows the enterprise to create favourable internal and external conditions for successful completion of the main stages of development. It has been found that analysis, monitoring, diagnostics of external and internal environment are a commonly-accepted component of any process of strategy formation. The results of the correlation between import and export as elements of the system have been obtained; it has been proved that a change in import volumes occurs simultaneously with the proportional change in export volumes. Enterprises will be advised to perform foreign economic activities only with counterparties in the countries for which the correlation coefficient between exports and imports is significant. Discussion. The density of export - import links for individual types of metallurgical products is greater than 0.5, indicating a significant correlation between the two considered features. The foreign economic relations between the metallurgical enterprises in Ukraine and various countries of the world are relatively balanced in the field of exports - imports of certain types of metallurgical products. The obtained results should be taken into account in the formation of a strategy for those metallurgical enterprises in Ukraine, which are to perform or expand their foreign economic activity. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account other factors influencing the resultant indicator, i.e. import, and to introduce advanced methods for their detection and research, which, in turn, will reduce the negative impact of the environment. Keywords. Development strategy, import, export, correlation, foreign economic activity, metallurgical enterprises, metallurgical products.

scholarly journals The main components of the formation of recreational and tourism activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
V. V. Yavorska ◽  
I. V. Hevko ◽  
V. A. Sych ◽  
K. V. Kolomiyets
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Recreation And Tourism

The article considers the issues of further development of the conceptual apparatus of such a direction as recreation and tourism and the question of determining the various directions and components of recreation and tourism economy. The purpose of this work is to identify the main components of recreational and tourist activity as an integral part of the inter-sectoral complex. It is stressed that tourism activity can be viewed from the standpoint of the economy, because it has all the features of the economy, although this approach is not widespread. It is also possible to study the recreation and tourism sector as a type of economic activity. Recreational and tourist activity is considered as a service market, both as a social system and as an economic system. It was emphasized that in geography and regional economy, recreational and tourist activity is considered as an inter-sectoral complex. A pivotal problem is the definition of objects and entities in systemic relations, where, depending on the nature of the system, tourists can act as objects and subjects. It was established that the formation of the subject area of recreational and tourist activity is based on geographical concepts, including the concept of «touristdestination», the concept of territorial organization of the population and economy, the concept of territorial recreational systems. The position of geographers in the development of the subject area of tourism enhances resource orientation of tourism activity; we note that the resource is both population and tourist destinations. In the article we considered the Ukrainian taxonomy of types of economic activities, which are directly involved in tourism and recreation. It is determined that tourism and recreation sector occupy a special place in the sphere of services. In essence, tourist services are multi–component, and the tourist product itself combines the result of the activities of enterprises that carry out completely different activities. The schematically structured recreation and tourism complex by types of activities indicates the formation of areas of economic activity and industry directly related to recreation and tourism, such as mass recreation of the population – unorganized and organized, and tourism, the sphere of recreation. Thus, the representation ofrecreation and tourism activity as an inter-branch complex offers new possibilities for forecasting its development and formation of new directions of use of recreational and tourist resources.

scholarly journals Economic content of innovations and the principles of their implementation in agricultural enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Khalatur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Subject of research is the economic content of innovation in agriculture. Purpose of the study is to consider the economic essence of innovation, outline the problems of the development of innovative activities of agricultural enterprises. Methods of research. The article uses a set of scientific methods of scientific research. The following research methods were used to write the article: logical generalization - to assess trends in the formation of the economic content of innovations in agricultural enterprises, as well as in the formation of a mechanism for managing the innovative process of an agricultural enterprise; dialectical and historical - in the study of scientific approaches to the formation of the economic content of innovations of the subject of economic activity, the generalization of foreign experience in securing business and the identification of conceptual approaches to taking into account the impact of threats on the innovative activities of the agricultural enterprise. Results of research. Challenges of modern times exert pressure on agriculture: population growth, the effects of climate change, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, economic development and the growing instability associated with land, water and energy shortages. This scenario enhances the critical role of innovation to make agriculture a more competitive and sustainable industry. The article reveals the economic content of innovations as a category of economy and features of the functioning of innovations in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, as well as the author's definition of the term "innovation". The main features of the innovation process are considered. Application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the practice of financial and economic activity of agricultural enterprises. Conclusions. Our analysis of professional literary sources and the scientific generalization of the existing views on the disclosure of the economic content of the term "innovation" have allowed us to state that, first, there is no conventional interpretation that would cover its most significant qualitative characteristics, and secondly, the main discussions of this issues focus mainly on three conceptual directions. Determining the specific features of bringing innovation to the consumer, it is customary to talk about innovation activity or innovation process as a process of transforming knowledge into innovation, passing the following stages: "science - technology - production - consumption". So the basic condition for the effective functioning of agricultural production is the expanded reproduction that occurs in the interaction of economic and natural-biological processes. Therefore, in the management of innovations need to take into account the requirements not only economic laws, but also the laws of nature: equivalence, indispensability and a combination of life factors, laws of minimum, optimum and maximum.

HR Policy: a Conceptual Approach from the Point of View of Ensuring Economic Security of Business

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
E. Tokmakova ◽  
D. Karimova ◽  
P. Bryksina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Company ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
Convincing Argument ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Indicators

In modern conditions of instability of the economic situation, any business should strive to ensure its economic security, the dominant component of which is personnel security. The article is devoted to the definition of the value and role of personnel policy in ensuring the personnel security of the enterprise. The research methodology is based on a conceptual understanding of the personnel policy as a tool for ensuring personnel security through a set of internal regulations that define the interaction of the employer and employees, allowing, among other tasks, to solve the most important task of preventing threats to the economic security of business from the staff. Based on the study of the personnel policy of a successful Russian company, JSC "Transneft Siberia", it is concluded that it can be defined as a tool for ensuring personnel security, while indicators with sum values that can be used as indicators of personnel security are identified. The result of the study is a convincing argument for defining personnel policy as a tool for ensuring personnel security, a description of the personnel policy of Transneft Siberia as a set of internal regulations and an indication of the threshold values of personnel security indicators established by this company with a critical assessment. The analyzed experience of a successful Russian company can be used by other organizations in developing their own personnel policy and assessing its level.

Tackling virtual production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Josef Falkinger ◽  
Elisa Huber ◽  
Johannes Chalupa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Virtual Production ◽  
Economic Reality

This paper is an attempt to contribute to the discussion on multinational enterprises shifting certain economic activities to special purpose entities abroad for reasons of tax optimisation. The authors argue that a transfer of production to a special purpose entity abroad permitted by tax law is not necessarily a transfer of production in an economic sense. Special purpose vehicles can be involved in production processes from a legal point of view without producing any goods or services in reality – a phenomenon the authors call ‘virtual production’. Thus, simply mirroring the legal transactions in national accounts may result in a distorted representation of economic reality. Unfortunately, the System of National Accounts in its current version as well as other existing guidelines lack clear guidance in order to distinguish virtual from real economic activity in the context of special purpose vehicles. This paper offers a proposal for improvement of existing definitions and concepts.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTONICS OF POLICY OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Chumak
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
State Owned Enterprise ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the concept of building the policy of the crisis management of state-owned enterprises in modern development conditions according of reform vector. Research methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the study of the fundamental provisions of the formation of an anti-crisis management policy of an enterprise. To achieve this goal, a system of general scientific and special methods was used, namely: methods of logical generalization and comparison for the formation of the architectonics of the crisis management policy of a state enterprise with an emphasis on the preventive stage of its implementation; methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization - to study the content of policy components and scorecards; abstract method - for the formulation of research findings. The results of the study. Reasonably conceptual approach to building a crisis management policy at a state enterprise. Clarified the definition of the concept of crisis management. The prerequisites that cause crisis phenomena are systematized: a state of imbalance in economic activity, bifurcation points and information asymmetry. Recommended architectonics of crisis management policy of a state-owned enterprise with an emphasis on the preventive stage of its implementation. The main components of the proposed policy are characterized. Justified necessity of monitoring and controlling the calculation of indicators of economic activity in the following areas: finance, economic efficiency, non-financial indicators and immeasurable factors that contribute to unstable conditions of the enterprise. To overcome crisis, policy provides for second stage, which has a comprehensive approach to overcoming crisis (macroeconomic and microeconomic). The scientific novelty consists in substantiating concept of building policy of crisis management of state enterprise in crisis situation, which provides permanent monitoring of indicators of economic activity and timely identification of crisis conditions. The practical significance of results. The current policy of crisis management at a state-owned enterprise will allow analyzing the results of economic activities to prevent occurrence of crisis conditions and their management, if any. The effect will be the possibility of periodically calculating the overall efficiency of economic and financial activities in accordance with the strategic goal, business conditions and state economic policy.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO EXPERT RESEARCH ON DAMAGE ESTIMATE RESULTING FROM LAND CLOGGING

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
R. E. Myroshnychenko ◽  
O. O. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
State Supervision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Mechanism

Definition of damage caused through land clogging constitutes a significant share in the total amount of environmental offenses that are considered by courts in Ukraine and their investigations are the most difficult in this category. Majority of losses from land clogging are determined as significant amounts considered according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine as grave or especially grave consequences of environmental legislation violations. From the point of view of legal mechanism, the definition of damage caused through clogging of land resources is based on the branch Methodology for determining the amount of damage caused through pollution and clogging land resources by means of violation of environmental legislation, approved by order of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources No 171 from 27.10.1997 (as amended). Failure to comply with legislation on the protection and rational use of land resources resulting in land clogging is determined according to this Methodology. This Methodology is applied in case of violations revealed during the state supervision (control) of economic activities to comply with environmental (land) legislation by economic entities (according to the Law of Ukraine "On the Main Principles of State Supervision (Control) in the Area of Commercial Activity"). Employees of the State Ecological Inspectorate of Ukraine use the Methodology in particular to calculate the amount of compensation for damage caused to the state as a result of land clogging. Analysis of an expert practice of using the Methodology demonstrates its low arbitrage effect, since a significant part of the claims brought forward to debtors for compensation of damages or charges are not satisfied by the judicial authorities. Comprehensive methodology developed at KhRIFE makes possible to obtain correct from a legal point of view, complete, objective, scientifically, technically and economically justified answers to questions related to the calculation of the damage caused through land clogging. Разработанная в Харьковском НИИСЭ Комплексная методика дает возможность получить корректные с правовой точки зрения, полные, объективные, научно, технически и экономически обоснованные ответы на вопросы, которые касаются расчетов размера вреда, обусловленного засорением земельных ресурсов.

scholarly journals METHODICAL PROVISIONS FOR CREATING AN OUTSOURCING COMPANY (INCLUDING TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND TAXATION SYSTEM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3(72)) ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
A. SAINCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Taxation System

Topicality. There is no the central executive authority in Ukraine, which would conduct statistical accounting of outsourcing companies, because there is no methodology which could help to carry out of such powers. In addition, there is no methodology for creating an outsourcing company in Ukraine that would help new players in the outsourcing services market to create their own businesses and provide fast and high quality services. Thus, the development of a single methodology for setting up an outsourcing company in Ukraine is relevant.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to develop methodological provisions for creating an outsourcing company within the existing institutional support at the territory of Ukraine. The aim of this article is to research from sixth to sixteenth stages of creating an outsourcing company.Research results. The methodological provisions were developed for creating an outsourcing company. In the article was using the example of practice of law, including types of economic activity and taxation system. Also, the algorithm has been created by the author who could help choose a simplified taxation system correctly.Conclusion. Methodical provisions for creating an outsourcing company consist of sixteen stages. The author provided recommendations for making changes to the classifier of organizational and legal forms of entrepreneur. It was proposed to add an outsourcing company as a new organizational and legal form of entrepreneur in order to improve the existing system of national statistical classifications. The changes will provide the State Statistics Service of Ukraine the opportunity to raise to a qualitatively new level the statistical analysis of outsourcing companies in Ukraine.There is no methodology or instruction for creating a new outsourcing company in Ukraine. The author has developed a methodology for creating the outsourcing company within the framework of institutional support in Ukraine.The situation was researched in the article in detail, such as the outsourcing has been used in the creation of the outsourcing company. Also the algorithm was created the outsourcing company as step by step.The author has identified sixteen stages of creating the outsourcing company. The first article [1] researched from the first to the fifth steps of creating outsourcing company. This article contains of the sixth to sixteenth stages of creating the outsourcing company.Stage 6 - the definition of economic activities. The author identified the types of economic activity in accordance with SC 009:2010 - Classification of types of economic activity using the "top-down" method.Stage 7 - determination of the management body of the outsourcing company. An executive body is created in an outsourcing company: collegial (directorate) or sole (director).Stage 8 - definition of the tax system. Outsourcing companies choose both the general taxation system and the simplified taxation system.Step 9 - determining the location of the company.Stage 10 - submission of documents to the state registrar for establishing of the new outsourcing company.Stage 11 - receipt of seal and electronic digital signature (EDS).Stage 12 - opening the accounts in the bank. An outsourcing company can open current and deposit accounts in a bank.Stage 13 - Contributions. For the implementation of practice of law is a prerequisite is the payment of contributions of lawyersStage 14 - obtaining a license.Stage 15 - obtaining permission. Not all economic activities can be performed only on the basis of the charter. Sometimes this is not enough. Therefore, you need to obtain a license or permit.Stage 16 - implementation of operating activities by an outsourcing enterprise on the example of practice of law. Only the last stage involves the receipt of profit or income of the company. The previous stages involved only expenses. The list of the above steps is not exhaustive. These steps can be supplemented with specific steps. The number of stages may be less or more, depending on the type of outsourcing activity.

scholarly journals Definition of Development Activity as a Separate Type of Economic Activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
Yaroslav BLIAKHARSKYI
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Development Activity ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Separate Type ◽  
Construction Organization ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compare And Contrast

The article is devoted to the research of development activities in the field of construction of buildings as a separate type of economic activity. An attempt is made to scientifically compare and contrast the concepts of «development activity» and «economic activity». The absence of legal regulation of development activities is noted, which leads to the uncertainty of legal relations in this area. In particular, this concerns the developer’s choice of the main and additional types of economic activities in accordance with the National Classifier of Ukraine «Classification of Economic Activities DK 009:2010» (hereinafter — «NACE»). The analysis of practice of developer’s choice of the main types of economic activities in accordance with the NACE is conducted in the article. The necessity of defining development activities as a type of economic activity in the NACE is substantiated, since such activities, in terms of their content, today cannot be fully attributed to any of the classes existing in the NACE. To confirm this position, the author reveals the scientific and legislative definition of «construction organization», compares the common and distinctive features of the categories «development» and «organization of building construction». Emphasis is placed on the inconsistency of the concepts used in class NACE 41.10 «Organization of building construction». The article provides arguments that the class of NACE 41.10 «Organization of building construction», although it is determined by the main type of economic activity for developers in practice, but it does not fully cover the content of development activities. Based on the results of the research, it is proposed to amend the class of NACE 41.10 «Organization of building construction» and supplement it with a new paragraph as follows: «organization in the interests of the customer of a set of actions for the development, direct implementation and attraction to financing of projects related to the creation or qualitative transformation of buildings, increasing their market value and investment attractiveness through the comprehensive preparation of a land plot for further development, construction of new or reconstruction of existing buildings (development activities)».

scholarly journals Profile of a Modern Hunter and the Socio-Economic Significance of Hunting in Poland as Compared to European Data

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1178
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kupren ◽  
Anna Hakuć-Błażowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Activity ◽  
Hunting Statistics

Hunting is a unique form of activity in rural areas with a high proportion of forest areas, which involves nature conservation and meets social needs for recreation and the preservation of traditions while being an important part of economic activity. The presented study results, based on a literature review and questionnaire surveys conducted among hunters associated in hunting clubs in the north-eastern part of Poland, provide the basis for a discussion on the socio-economic significance of hunting, both in the country and throughout the European continent. Based on the results presented in the paper, it can be concluded that the number and density of hunters differ in individual countries. Moreover, hunting is practised in Europe by almost 7 million people, of which 127,000 are in Poland, and is a typical male activity. Most hunters in Poland and other European countries are professionally active inhabitants of rural areas, aged approximately 50 years, with several years of shooting experience and an income exceeding average values. Hunting is an important part of socio-economic activities, particularly in rural areas. It is estimated that in the EU alone, hunting can be worth approximately EUR 16 billion, and creates 100–120 thousand jobs. The most recent results of studies conducted in certain EU countries and the wide range of services provided by the hunting sector indicate that these values may be considerably higher. Regarding Poland, despite the centralised game resource management system, there are no extensive studies of the economic significance of hunting, and the official data are limited to a few basic indices related to hunting statistics. As indicated by the study results presented in this paper, in Poland, hunting-related expenditures are clearly lower than the European average and, thus, the economic significance of hunting is relatively low in this country. Despite this, it is a hunting community that, as a result of the adopted system solutions, is responsible for the functioning of reasonable game management while significantly affecting the management of the vast majority of rural areas.

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