scholarly journals FACTORS ENCOURAGING EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN EAST JAVA OF INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kasiati Kasiati ◽  
Dina Isfentiani
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Future ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Age Of Marriage

ABSTRACT Early marriages occur in Indonesia and this still contributes to maternal and childmortality. Therefore, research is needed to find out the reasons why the incidenceof early marriage can occur. This research was conducted in four sub-districts inSurabaya, East Java, Indonesia, by taking respondents based on the technique ofsnowball sampling. After the interview, several factors had apparently contributedto this early marriage, among others, culture, economic level, level of education,and level of knowledge on marriage. This of course requires a program to increasethe age of first marriage by a woman called maturing marriage age. It is hoped thatthe contributing factors to early marriage will not be repeated in the future whenthe perpetrators of the early marriage are given an explanation of the importanceof delaying the age of marriage to adulthood.  

Population Control and Marriage Age in India, 1960–1978

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Ashwini Tambe
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Forced Sex ◽  
The Future ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Age Of Marriage

Chapter 5 examines how the age of marriage in India was finally raised in the 1970s to 18 years for girls. It describes how worries about population control drove the change, and it traces the prominent role that India and Indian experts played in demographic writing in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. It demonstrates how closely aligned Indian population control policies were with the intellectual positions of the international population control establishment: Indian demographers treated the age of marriage as a technocratic measure aimed at reducing population growth rather than a measure focused on expanding life chances and preventing forced sex for girls. A shift occurred from an overwhelming focus on potentially vulnerable girls to potentially overfertile girls who could be threats to the future of the nation. This chapter explains why Indian feminists were not at the forefront of the 1978 measure raising the age of marriage. It is one more reminder of how the seemingly well-meaning focus on early marriage among girls is tethered to interests that have very little to do with girls themselves.

Defining Girlhood in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Tambe
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
The World ◽  
National Reputation ◽  
Sexual Choices ◽  
Age Of Marriage

At what age do girls gain the maturity to make sexual choices? This question provokes especially vexed debates in India, where early marriage is a widespread practice. India has served as a focal problem site in NGO campaigns and intergovernmental conferences setting age standards for sexual maturity. Over the last century, the country shifted the legal age of marriage from twelve, among the lowest in the world, to eighteen, at the high end of the global spectrum. Ashwini Tambe illuminates the ideas that shaped such shifts: how the concept of adolescence as a sheltered phase led to delaying both marriage and legal adulthood; how the imperative of population control influenced laws on marriage age; and how imperial moral hierarchies between nations provoked defensive postures within India. Tambe's transnational feminist approach to legal history shows how intergovernmental debates influenced Indian laws and how expert discourses in India changed UN terminology about girls. Ultimately, the well-meaning focus on child marriage became tethered less to the well-being of girls themselves and more to parents' interests, population control targets, and the preservation of national reputation.

scholarly journals Adolescent’s Self-Efficacy for Early Marriage in South Bangka Regency, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Antarini Antarini ◽  
Putri Rhadiyah ◽  
Tesza Permata ◽  
Rizka Marcely ◽  
Dini Montovani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Verbal Persuasion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The percentage of married women under the age of 20 years at 13% with a median age of 20.1 years and the median marriage age of first marriage in the rural lower at 19.7. Pregnancy at a very young age correlated with maternal mortality and morbidity. Girls aged 10-14 are five times the risk of dying during pregnancy or childbirth compared to the age group of 20-24 years, while the risk is doubled in the age group of 15-19 years. This study aimed to analyze several variables that affect the self-forming efficacy of early marriages. The research was explanatory research with cross sectional design. The sample size was 241. Data analysis was performed using correlation analysis Somers. There were very weak positive correlation for Verbal Persuasion (r=0.013), very weak negative correlation for Vicarious Experience (r=-0026) and Emotional Arousal (r=-0075), weak negative correlation between Mastery Experience factor (r=-0035) with early marriage.

scholarly journals Knowledge and viewpoint of adolescent girls regarding child marriage, its causes and consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayyeh Naghizadeh ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Azam Mohammadi ◽  
Marzieh Azizi ◽  
Saba Taghizadeh-Milani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The City

Abstract Background Child marriage is a violation of children’s rights and it exposes them to social isolation and psychological damages. These negative effects are not limited to them and expands to the family and society as well. The present research aimed at determining the knowledge and viewpoint of adolescent girls regarding child marriage, its causes and consequences in the city of Tabriz-Iran, in 2020–2021. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 300 adolescent girls who had records in the health centers in the city of Tabriz. The data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, questionnaire of knowledge, and view of adolescent girls regarding child marriage, and its causes and consequences. The multivariate logistic regression model with adjusting the sociodemographic characteristics was used to determine the relationship between the viewpoint of adolescent girls about child marriage and their knowledge in this regard. Results The mean (SD) knowledge about child marriage was 6.70 (3.09) (score range: 0–11). The majority of the girls (85.4%) were against marriage before the age of 18 and only 16 girls (5.1%) of them agreed with marriage before the age of 18. Investigating the viewpoint of adolescent girls regarding the causes of child marriage revealed that the important issue leading to reduction of child marriage can be “intellectual, emotional, social, and economic maturity of girls plus their physical puberty (92.4% agree), increase in the girls’ education (79% agree) and increasing girls’ awareness regarding the consequences of early marriage in schools and media (69.6% agree). Illiteracy or lack of education of parents (64% agree), meeting the emotional needs (59.3% agree), family problems and conflicts (59.6% agree), and lack of exhilaration in daily life, especially in the rural regions and suburbs (58.3% agree) were among the reasons of increase of child marriage. The most important consequence of child marriage from the viewpoint of the girls is deprivation from the chance of education. The results of multivariate logistic regression model by adjusting the possible confounding variables, showed that girls who believed the appropriate age for marriage is under 20 were almost 13 times more likely to agree with child marriage than girls who believed the appropriate age for marriage is over 20 years (aOR = 13.82; 95% Cl 2.61–71.16 p = 0.002) and girls who opposed their parents’ decision to marry under the age of 18 were less likely to agree with the child marriage than girls who did not oppose their decision (aOR = 0.09; 95% Cl 0.01–0.63 p = 0.016). Conclusions The results revealed a good level of knowledge and negative attitude to child marriage among the girls. The girls who disagreed with child marriage were more knowledgeable than the girls who agreed with child marriage. Thus, the increase of the level of knowledge of girls and their families regarding the consequences of early marriage and developing the culture for correcting the cultural beliefs and wrong social beliefs to prevent child marriage can decrease this damage to a great extent.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between Marital Age and The Incidence of Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1509-1510
Author(s):  
Dwi Margareta Andini ◽  
Dessy Lutfiasari
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
A Value ◽  
Age Of Marriage

Background: Cervical cancer (neck of the womb) is a malignant tumor that grows in the cervix (the lowest part of the uterus attached to the top of the vagina). Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer. Methods: This research was correlation analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This study's population was all patients in Gambiran Hospital in obstetric and gynecology poly, and the sample size was 34 people chosen by simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used the medical record. The bivariate analysis used the Spearman rank test. Results: The analysis shows that there were two independent and dependent variables, namely marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer, with ρ value = 0001< α = 0.05 indicating that there was a correlation between marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer with a value of r = 0.549 showed that there is a relationship between the age of marriage with cervical cancer incidence. Conclusion: This research is expected to be an input to make people more healthy and open to receive health information, especially if a family has a child of early marriage age. Keywords: Cervical Cancer, Marital Age

scholarly journals IMPLIKASI DISPENSASI PERKAWINAN TERHADAP EKSISTENSI RUMAH TANGGA DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SEMARANG

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
HM Mawardi Muzzamil ◽  
Muhammad Muhammad Kunardi
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
Legal Consequences

One of the requirements is the age of marriage the bride, the groom reaches the age of 19 years and the woman has reached the age of 16 years. The age limit is to maintain the health of spouses and offspring. If the prospective bride marriage age limit is not sufficient, it must be granted a dispensation from religious court. This marriage dispensation will bring legal consequences for the parties and the implications of the existence of households bride, considering marriage performed by the bride who has not been physically and psychologically mature. The approach used in this study is a socio-juridical. Specifications of this research is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the arguments raised in the petition in the Religious marriage dispensation Semarang are fears of acts prohibited by religion and the future wife was pregnant. Basic considerations judge in giving marriage dispensation in the Religious Semarang is the provision of Article 7 paragraph (2) of Law No. 1 of 1974. The implications of marriage dispensation in Semarang religious court of the existence of the household is underage marriage causes of conflict in the household lead to divorce, other than that the cause of death in babies born to mothers or because of the lack of physical maturity of the female.

Konsep Batasan Usia Perkawinan dalam Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan serta Implikasinya terhadap Masyarakat di Desa Langensari Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler Kabupaten Garut

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anna Marsella ◽  
Amrullah Hayatudin ◽  
Encep Abdul Rojak
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Islam does not discuss the age limit for conducting marriages clearly, in contrast to Law Number 1 of 1974 juncto Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage regulates the marriage age limit of 19 years for men and women, however early childhood marriage is still rife in the community, especially in Langensari Village, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Subdistrict. Formulation of the problem namely: How is the legal review of early marriage according to Islamic Law and Law No. 1 of 1974 in conjunction with Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning marriage? What are the factors underlying the occurrence of early marriage in Langensari Village? What is the impact of early marriage for a married couple in Langensari Village?The purpose of this study are: To find out the legal review of early marriage according to Islamic Law and Law No. 1 of 1974 in conjunction with Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage, the factors underlying the occurrence of early marriage and the impact of early marriage for married couples in Langensari Village. The research method used was interview and literature study.The results of the study: Islamic law allows early marriage, with the condition that it has been agreed upon, Law No.1 Year 1974 juncto Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning marriage, limiting the age of marriage and dispensation for irregularities. Factors causing: internal factors, namely the emergence of love, love, affection, avoiding adultery, have been able to fulfill and be responsible, external factors are caused by geographical factors, social media abuse, MBA, doctrine of religious figures, excessive parental fear. Impacts of early marriage: positive effects, namely reducing cases of sexual harassment, guarding the environment of society and mutual respect, negative impacts of miscarriages, undernourished children, frequent quarreling and increasing the burden on parents.Keywords: Limitation of Marriage Age, Islamic Law, Impact of Early Marriage Abstrak. Agama Islam tidak membahas mengenai batasan usia untuk melaksanakan perkawinan secara jelas, berbeda dengan Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 juncto Undang-undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perkawinan mengatur batasan usia perkawinan yaitu 19 tahun untuk pria dan wanita, namun perkawinan usia dini masih marak terjadi di masyarakat, khususnya di Desa Langensari Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut. Rumusan masalah yaitu: Bagaimana tinjauan hukum tentang perkawinan usia dini menurut Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 juncto Undang-undang No. 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perkawinan? Apa faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya perkawinan usia dini di Desa Langensari? Bagaimana dampak dari perkawinan usia dini bagi pasangan suami istri di Desa Langensari?Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: Untuk mengetahui tinjauan hukum tentang perkawinan usia dini menurut Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 juncto Undang-undang No. 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perkawinan, faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya perkawinan usia dini dan dampak dari perkawinan usia dini bagi pasangan suami istri di Desa Langensari. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan studi pustaka.Hasil penelitian: Hukum Islam membolehkan perkawinan usia dini, dengan syarat sudah baligh, Undang-undang No.1 Tahun 1974 juncto Undang-undang No. 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perkawinan, membatasi usia perkawinan dan diberlakukan dispensasi atas penyimpangan. Faktor penyebab: faktor internal yaitu timbulnya rasa suka, cinta, sayang, menghindari zina, sudah mampu mencukupi dan bertanggung jawab, faktor eksternal yaitu disebabkan oleh faktor geografis, penyalahgunaan sosial media, MBA, doktrin tokoh agama, ketakutan orang tua yang berlebihan. Dampak perkawinan usia dini: dampak positif yaitu mengurangi kasus pelecehan seksual, terjaganya lingkungan peguyuban dan saling menghormati, dampak negatif yaitu terjadinya kasus keguguran, anak berstatus gizi kurang, sering bertengkar dan menambah beban orang tua.Kata kunci: Batasan Usia Perkawinan, Hukum Islam, Dampak Perkawinan Usia Dini

scholarly journals KAJIAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN MIGRAN WANITA PEDAGANG SEKTOR INFORMAL DI KOTA DENPASAR

2018 ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Setya Ari Wijayanti ◽  
A.A.I. N. Marhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Income Level ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
Female Migrant

This study aims to analyze;the influence of education level, age, ethnicity, length of marriage age, number of dependents and length of migration to distance migration of informal women migrant traders; the influence of education level, age, ethnicity, age of marriage age, number of dependents, duration of migration and distance of migration to income level of informal female migrant traders;the role of migration spacing in mediating the influence of education level, age, ethnicity, age of marriage, number of dependents and length of migration to income level of informal female migrant traders. The results showed that the level of education, age and number of dependents have a positive and significant effect on the distance of migration of informal women migrant traders in Denpasar City. The duration of migration has a negative and significant effect on the distance of women traders migration. Ethnic and longevity of marriage have no significant effect on migration distance of female migrant traders. The level of education, age, ethnicity, number of dependents and migration spacing have a positive and significant impact on the income of female migrant traders. The duration of the migration has a negative and significant effect on the merchant's income. The age of marriage has no significant effect on income level.

Determinants of cumulative fertility in Kenya

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. A. Agyei ◽  
Joseph Mbamanya
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Cumulative Fertility ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis paper analyses the effects of age at first marriage, level of education, place of residence, marriage disruption, religion, contraceptive use, and work status on cumulative fertility in Kenya, using data from the 1977–78 Kenya Fertility Survey. Age at first marriage is the main determinant of cumulative fertility, but there are significant effects of level of education and marriage disruption. Place of residence is only significant for the Coast province. The implication of the findings is that to promote any real decline in fertility, emphasis should be placed on providing higher education and work opportunities for young women as an alternative to early marriage.

scholarly journals Adolescent’s Self-Efficacy for Early Marriage in South Bangka Regency, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Antarini Antarini ◽  
Putri Rhadiyah ◽  
Tesza Permata ◽  
Rizka Marcely ◽  
Dini Montovani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Verbal Persuasion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The percentage of married women under the age of 20 years at 13% with a median age of 20.1 years and the median marriage age of first marriage in the rural lower at 19.7. Pregnancy at a very young age correlated with maternal mortality and morbidity. Girls aged 10-14 are five times the risk of dying during pregnancy or childbirth compared to the age group of 20-24 years, while the risk is doubled in the age group of 15-19 years. This study aimed to analyze several variables that affect the self-forming efficacy of early marriages. The research was explanatory research with cross sectional design. The sample size was 241. Data analysis was performed using correlation analysis Somers. There were very weak positive correlation for Verbal Persuasion (r=0.013), very weak negative correlation for Vicarious Experience (r=-0026) and Emotional Arousal (r=-0075), weak negative correlation between Mastery Experience factor (r=-0035) with early marriage.

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