scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF WASTEWATER PURIFICATION FROM PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY RADIATION METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Zhanna B. Lyutova ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Orekhova ◽  
Anastasia A. Yamshchikova ◽  
Igor V. Yudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Radiation Technology ◽  
Complete Decomposition ◽  
Absorbed Doses

To assess the possibility of using radiation purification of aqueous solutions from contained pharmacological preparations by spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and chemical analysis, the effect of the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation on the concentration of analytes in solutions was studied. The values of the radiation-chemical yield of destruction of the investigated pharmaceutical preparations, the formation of peroxide products of radiolysis were determined, and the values of absorbed doses sufficient for the complete decomposition of the substances under consideration were calculated. It was shown that at initial concentrations of ketoprofen of 1,1•10-4 M and diclofenac of 0,5•10-4 M, the values of absorbed doses required for their complete decomposition are 2,4 kGy and 0,85 kGy, respectively. The obtained values indicate the possibility of using radiation technology for the purification of aqueous solutions from those pharmaceutical preparations. Further research can clarify the necessary doses for sufficient destruction of various groups of drugs in concentrations found in wastewater

Development of two dosimetry systems based on basic violet dye for possible use as radiation dosimeters

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehad Magdy ◽  
Sameh Gafar
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After

Purpose The purpose of this research paper is to study a comparison between two dosimetry systems, both of them based on basic violet dye (BV). Design/methodology/approach The first system depends on (BV) (incorporating polyvinyl alcohol) as a thin-film dosimeter. The second system also relies on (BV) as a solution dosimeter, which is more sensitive to gamma rays. The two prepared film/solutions have a considerable signal that decreases upon irradiation and the strength of the signal decreases with increasing radiation dose. Findings The gamma ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 35 kGy for films and 1 kGy for the liquid phase. All dosimetric characteristics as radiation chemical yield, additive substance, dose-response function, radiation sensitivity, also before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were considered. Practical implications It is expected the vital role of gamma radiation on this dye in its two forms or two media. This reveals their wide applications in the field of gamma irradiation processing. Originality/value These two dosimetry systems which depend upon the same dye are safe to handle, inexpensive, available raw materials and can be applied in various dosimetry applications as mentioned above.

Radiation induced degradation of murexide dye in two media for possible use in dosimetric applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Mohamed Gafar ◽  
Nehad Magdy Abdel-Kader
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Food Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of gamma-rays on murexide (Mx) dye and its possible use as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems. The first system depends on the Mx dye as a liquid dosimeter. The second dosimetry system depends also on the same dye but as in a gel form, which is more sensitive to gamma-rays. Design/methodology/approach The prepared Mx (solutions/gels) have a considerable two peaks at 324 and 521 nm that upon irradiation, the intensity of these peaks decreases with the increasing radiation dose. Findings The gamma-ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 2 kGy for the solution samples and 40 Gy for the gels. Radiation chemical yield, dose response function, radiation sensitivity and before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were discussed and studied. Practical implications It is expected that the radiolysis of the Mx dye can be used as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems; liquid and gel dosimeters. This can be applied in a wide range of gamma radiation practical industrial applications in water treatment, food irradiation dosimeters, radiotherapy and fresh food irradiation and seed production. Originality/value Both of the prepared Mx dyes, either as solutions or gel samples, can be facilely prepared from commercially, cheap, safe, available chemicals and suitable for useful applied Mx solutions and gels radiation dosimeters.

Degradation of Acetaminophen in Aqueous Media by H2O2 Assisted Gamma Irradiation Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtaza Sayed ◽  
Fazal Hadi ◽  
Javed Ali Khan ◽  
Noor S. Shah ◽  
Luqman Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
G Value

Abstract In the present study, degradation of acetaminophen (ACT) aqueous solution was investigated up to an absorbed γ-irradiation dose of 1000 Gy. The effects of various additives on the degradation efficiency of ACT were also studied. The results showed that ACT degradation was increased with the increase of an absorbed dose. Based on spectrophotometric analysis, 82.5% degradation of the initial ACT concentration (9.98×10−5 M) was easily achieved at an absorbed dose of 1000 Gy. The decay of ACT followed pseudo-first order reaction kinetics at different initial concentrations. The radiation chemical yield (G-value) decreased with the increase of an absorbed dose, however at a specific absorbed dose G-values increased with the increase of ACT initial concentration. The addition of H2O2 in the range of 0.1–0.7% was effective for degradation of ACT. The degradation of ACT was inhibited in both acidic and basic solutions while maximium degradation effiency was acheived at nearly neautral solution pH, 7.6. The degradation process was markedly enhanced under oxidative conditions while strongly restrained under reductive conditions, which suggests the key role of oxidative radicals (˙OH) in the degradation of ACT.

Effect of γ-radiation on adenine dissolved in distilled water, saline solutions and artificial seawater resembling that of 4.0 billion years ago

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
João Paulo T. Baú ◽  
Sául A. Villafañe-Barajas ◽  
Alicia Negrón-Mendoza ◽  
María Colín-García ◽  
Dimas A. M. Zaia
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Geometry Optimization ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Saline Solutions

AbstractIn this work, the effect of γ-radiation on the decomposition of adenine dissolved in distilled water, saline solutions and artificial seawater was studied. As the composition of the major cations and anions of artificial seawater probably better resembles the composition of seawater on the Earth 4.0 billion years ago, this seawater was named artificial seawater 4.0 Ga. The main finding in this work is that artificial seawater 4.0 Ga demonstrated a better protective effect of adenine against γ-radiation. In addition, artificial seawater 4.0 Ga showed that adenine had no changes in pH after radiation exposure and the minor radiation-chemical yield G. The radiolysis of adenine promoted modifications in Fourier-transform infrared spectra. The deconvolution of some bands demonstrated the formation of a new frequency at 1713 cm−1. High performance liquid chromatography-mass detected a product of decomposition with 151 atomic units. Using the geometry optimization and simulated vibrational spectra it was possible to show that the main species formed are hydroxyl and oxide modified adenine. The data point to the formation of hydroxyl-adenine and adenine Nx-oxide. These products have biological relevance and could be available for chemical evolution.

scholarly journals Development of two dosimeters for industrial use with low doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshira El-Kelany ◽  
Sameh Gafar
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Dose Response Function

The present study involves a comparison between two dosimetry systems. The first system depends on victoria blue B (incorporating polyvinyl alcohol) as a thin-film dosimeter. The second system depends on the same dye as a liquid dosimeter, which is more sensitive to gamma rays. The prepared film/liquid has a considerable signal that increases upon irradiation and the intensity of the signal decrease with increasing radiation dose. The gamma ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 25 kGy for the thin film and 700 Gy for the liquid form. Radiation chemical yield, additive substance, dose response function, radiation sensitivity, also before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were discussed and studied.

Radiolysis of transformer oil in presence of trichlorbenzen and nano-γ-Al2O3

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Z. I. Iskenderova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Electronic Excitation Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Main Components

In this work, a comparative study of the kinetics of changes in the pH indicator, the formation of H2O2 and CO2 depending on the absorbed dose at the radiolysis of TCB containing transformer oil in the presence and without nano-γ-Al2O3 under the action of γ radiation was carried out. During radiolysis of both systems (TСB + transformer oil and TСB + transformer oil + 0.1 g of nano-γ-Al2O3), the radiation-chemical yield of CO2 decreases with an increase in the initial concentration of TCB, although at the presence of nano-particles, the values of the radiation-chemical riels of CO2 become less. Unlike CO2, the radiation-chemical yields of H2O2 increase with an increase in the initial concentration of TCB, but their values are less in the presence of nano-γ-Al2O3. The results obtained are explained by the reactions of active particles, radiolysis of the main components of transformer oil, such as hydrogen atoms and hydrocarbon radicals with TCB and dissolved oxygen molecules. In addition, there is a transfer of electronic excitation energy from alkane and cycloalkane molecules to aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. The effect of nano-γ-Al2O3 on the radiolysis of the mixture is discussed on the basis of the reaction of electron and hole centers with the molecules of the components of the irradiated mixture.

Optimum HPLC Conditions for Determination of Dibucaine HCL, Fluocortolone Pivalate and Fluocortolone Caproate by Using Experimental Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bürge Aşçı ◽  
Mesut Koç
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Solution Stability ◽  
Uv Detector

Introduction:This paper presents the development and validation of a novel, fast, sensitive and accurate high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of dibucaine HCl, fluocortolone pivalate and fluocortolone caproate in pharmaceutical preparations.Experiment:Development of the chromatographic method was based on an experimental design approach. A five-level-three-factor central composite design requiring 20 experiments in this optimization study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of three independent variances including mobile phase ratio, flow rate and amount of acid in the mobile phase.Conclusion:The optimum composition for mobile phase was found as a methanol:water:acetic acid mixture at 71.6 : 26.4 : 2 (v/v/v) ratio and optimum separation was acquired by isocratic elution with a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min. The analytes were detected using a UV detector at 240 nm. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection/quantitation and solution stability and successfully applied to the determination of dibucaine HCl, fluocortolone pivalate and fluocortolone caproate in pharmaceutical topical formulations such as suppositories and ointments.

scholarly journals α-Particle-induced DNA damage tracks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of [223Ra]RaCl2-treated prostate cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schumann ◽  
U. Eberlein ◽  
C. Lapa ◽  
J. Müller ◽  
S. Serfling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Absorbed Doses ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Abstract Purpose One therapy option for prostate cancer patients with bone metastases is the use of [223Ra]RaCl2. The α-emitter 223Ra creates DNA damage tracks along α-particle trajectories (α-tracks) in exposed cells that can be revealed by immunofluorescent staining of γ-H2AX+53BP1 DNA double-strand break markers. We investigated the time- and absorbed dose-dependency of the number of α-tracks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients undergoing their first therapy with [223Ra]RaCl2. Methods Multiple blood samples from nine prostate cancer patients were collected before and after administration of [223Ra]RaCl2, up to 4 weeks after treatment. γ-H2AX- and 53BP1-positive α-tracks were microscopically quantified in isolated and immuno-stained PBMCs. Results The absorbed doses to the blood were less than 6 mGy up to 4 h after administration and maximally 16 mGy in total. Up to 4 h after administration, the α-track frequency was significantly increased relative to baseline and correlated with the absorbed dose to the blood in the dose range < 3 mGy. In most of the late samples (24 h – 4 weeks after administration), the α-track frequency remained elevated. Conclusion The γ-H2AX+53BP1 assay is a potent method for detection of α-particle-induced DNA damages during treatment with or after accidental incorporation of radionuclides even at low absorbed doses. It may serve as a biomarker discriminating α- from β-emitters based on damage geometry.

HPLC Analysis of Oxytetracycline Residues in Honey

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER SPORNS ◽  
SUET KWAN ◽  
LAWRENCE A. ROTH
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Limits Of Detection ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Double Extraction

Oxytetracycline (OTC), also known commercially as Terramycin, was determined to be more stable in honey than in buffered aqueous solutions at similar pH values and temperatures. A rapid high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to detect and quantitate OTC using a 1:1 dilution (wt/wt) of honey samples in water. Using 355 nm as the wavelength of detection, amounts as low as 0.5 μg/ml could be detected in the above solution. The limits of detection were lowered considerably by a double extraction procedure.

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