FEATURES OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE VALUATION OF ECOSYSTEM RESOURCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Olena Suhina
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
State And Local

Valuation of natural resources, in particular ecosystem resources, occupies one of the leading places in modern economic theory. It should be noted that all methodological and methodical approaches used in world practice to determine the value of natural resources, in their economic essence evaluate each object of using the nature as a commodity that can be bought, sold, leased, etc. This approach is based on an economic point of view and does not take into account the ecological properties of this resource (for example, forest is evaluated exclusively as wood – raw material for the woodworking industry, and its assimilative and oxygen-producing properties are not taken into account). In the article we propose a methodological approach to the valuation of ecosystem assets of territorial communities that provide assimilation and oxygen production services to society, which is based on the ecological-economic point of view. The essence of this method is that the valuation of ecosystem resources is determined by the cost of their ecosystem services that they provide to society throughout its life cycle. Moreover, when carrying out a summary valuation of various ecosystem assets (forest, water, land), the latter must be valued by the same (identical) method. The paper proposes an algorithm and a specific mathematical apparatus that allows to determine the value of any ecosystem resource and on its basis to determine the complex value of ecosystems owned by local communities. Tables of data on the volumes of carbon dioxide absorption by plants of Ukraine, which most intensively assimilate carbon dioxide, on indicators of oxygen release by plants and on the duration of the life cycle of certain species of trees and shrubs. It is these indicators can be used as performance characteristics in the proposed mathematical apparatus in the valuation of ecosystem assets. It is noted that the availability of valuation of ecosystem assets will allow, both at the state and local levels, to make appropriate management decisions on their effective use.

scholarly journals Methodology for the quantification of concrete sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Břetislav Teplý ◽  
Tomáš Vymazal ◽  
Pavla Rovnaníková
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Sustainability Management

Efficient sustainability management requires the use of tools which allow material, technological and construction variants to be quantified, measured or compared. These tools can be used as a powerful marketing aid and as support for the transition to “circular economy”. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) procedures are also used, aside from other approaches. LCA is a method that evaluates the life cycle of a structure from the point of view of its impact on the environment. Consideration is given also to energy and raw material costs, as well as to environmental impact throughout the life cycle - e.g. due to emissions. The paper focuses on the quantification of sustainability connected with the use of various types of concrete with regard to their resistance to degradation. Sustainability coefficients are determined using information regarding service life and "eco-costs". The aim is to propose a suitable methodology which can simplify decision-making in the design and choice of concrete mixes from a wider perspective, i.e. not only with regard to load-bearing capacity or durability.

scholarly journals Linking the spare parts management with the total costs of ownership: An agenda for future research

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Duran ◽  
Irene Roda ◽  
Marco Macchi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Spare Parts Management ◽  
Physical Asset

Purpose: This manuscript explores the link between Spare Parts Management and Total Costs of Ownership or Life Cycle Costs (LCC).Design/methodology/approach: First, this work enumerates the different managerial decisions instances in spare parts management that are present during the life cycle of a physical asset. Second, we analyse how those decision instances could affect the TCO of a physical asset (from the economic point of view). Finally, we propose a conceptual framework for incorporating the spare parts management into a TCO model.Findings: The recent literature lacks discussions on the integration of spare parts management with the Total Costs of Ownership (TCO). Based in an extensive literature revision we can declare that the computation of costs related to spare parts management has been neglected by TCO models.Originality/value: The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a literature review and identification of a series of spare parts management decision instances and its relationship with TCOs is presented in this paper. Second, a conceptual framework is suggested for linking those decisions instances to a total cost of ownership perspective. Some research questions and future research challenges are presented at the end of this work.

Methodological Approach to Assessing the Economic Efficiency of Digital Projects Applying Internet of Things Platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Mishin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Iot Platforms

One of the key ones and most cost-effective technology from an economic point of view for the real sector is the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which is usually provided in the form of Internet of Things (IoT) platforms, still does not have its own framework for assessing its economic efficiency. The author proposes a methodological approach based on a combination of classical methods of investment analysis and an architectural approach. From the information point of view the scientific work is based on cost-effectiveness studies of IoT projects, domestic and foreign scientific publications, IT cases and research on taxonomy of IoT platforms. The proposed approach may serve as the basis both for preparation of financial business cases and for facilitating the development of tools for objective assessment of the project initiatives attractiveness as part of implementation of the state digital development programs in Russia.

scholarly journals Is Recycling Always the Best Option? Environmental Assessment of Recycling of Seashell as Aggregates in Noise Barriers

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Begoña Peceño ◽  
Carlos Leiva ◽  
Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas ◽  
Alejandro Gallego-Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Noise Barriers ◽  
Noise Barrier ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Waste recycling is an essential part of waste management. The concrete industry allows the use of large quantities of waste as a substitute for a conventional raw material without sacrificing the technical properties of the product. From a circular economy point of view, this is an excellent opportunity for waste recycling. Nevertheless, in some cases, the recycling process can be undesirable because it does not involve a net saving in resource consumption or other environmental impacts when compared to the conventional production process. In this study, the environmental performance of conventional absorption porous barriers, composed of 86 wt % of natural aggregates and 14 wt % cement, was compared with barriers composed of 80 wt % seashell waste and 20 wt % cement through an attributional cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment. The results show that, for the 11 environmental impact categories considered, the substitution of the natural aggregates with seashell waste involves higher environmental impacts, between 32% and 267%. These results are justified by the high contribution to these impacts of the seashell waste pre-treatment and the higher cement consumption. Therefore, the recycling of seashells in noise barrier manufacturing is not justified from an environmental standpoint with the current conditions. In this sense, it could be concluded that life cycle assessments should be carried out simultaneously with the technical development of the recycling process to ensure a sustainable solution.

Introduction to an Approach to Performing Sustainability Quantification of Concrete Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Břetislav Teplý ◽  
Tomáš Vymazal ◽  
Pavla Rovnaníková
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Sustainability Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Efficient sustainability management requires the use of tools that enable the quantification, measurement or comparison of material, technological and construction variants. Tools of this kind which have been developed around the world in recent years include various indicators, indexes, etc. Generally, technical, economic, ecological and socio-cultural areas must all be included. Such a tool can be used as a powerful marketing aid and as support for the transition to the “circular economy”. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) procedures are also used, alongside other approaches. LCA is a method that evaluates the life cycle of a structure from the point of view of its effect on the environment. Processes starting with the mining of mineral resources and including their transport, production and use up to their final processing as waste (recycling) are all taken into account. In addition, consideration is given to energy and raw material costs, and to environmental impact throughout the whole life cycle – e.g. through emissions. The presented contribution focuses on the quantification of sustainability connected with the use of various types of concrete with regard to their resistance against the effect of degrading influences. Sustainability factors are also determined using information regarding service life and “eco-costs”. The aim is to present a suitable methodology which can simplify decision-making concerning the design and choice of concrete mixes from a wider perspective, i.e. not only from the aspects of load-bearing capacity or durability.

scholarly journals Defining of criteria for flue gas decarbonization efficiency in methanation reactors with membrane technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Lăzăroiu ◽  
Lucian Mihăescu ◽  
Dana-Alexandra Ciupăgeanu ◽  
Rodica-Manuela Grigoriu ◽  
Dana-Andreya Bondrea
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Practical Applications

The paper presents an investigation on the conditions for implementing a methanation membrane decarbonator coupled to an energy installation that generates flue gases. The retention of the carbon dioxide content in the flue gases and its conversion to methane is envisaged. For start, low thermal power installations, employing natural gas as main fuel supply, are considered. Internal combustion engines (also working with natural gas fuel) are taken into account for the testing of the carbon dioxide retention process. For this, a classification of the flue gas composition by fuel categories is initially carried out. The decarbonation efficiency is defined and clarifications are made withal regarding the connection between the decarbonation installation and the energy plant. The first practical achievements are also presented, resulting from a decarbonator with a volume of 940 cm3 (having the inner diameter of 12 cm and a height of 50 cm). The results prove that the proposed solution has great potential for practical applications, further research being however necessary. In terms of operating costs (including hydrogen consumption), it is remarked that they can be reduced by exploiting the methane production and eliminating the carbon tax, extending the integration perspective form economic point of view.

scholarly journals Evaluating the economic and ecological effects of investment projects: A new model and its application to smartphone manufacturing in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-265
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Apalkova ◽  
Sergiy Tsyganov ◽  
Tetiana Chernytska ◽  
Nataliia Meshko ◽  
Nadiia Tsyganova
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
New Jobs

Despite market volatility in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and a decline in global investment flows to 2005 levels, sustainable development funds continued to grow. These data indicate a change in development vectors: now leading investors are guided by technologies for sustainable growth. The purpose of this paper is to determine the optimal model for evaluating investment projects in terms of their economic and environmental effects on the development of the region. The proposed technique is being tested for an investment project aimed at developing the production of mobile phones in Europe. As shown, the analysis of the location of the production of smartphones in Europe for subsequent implementation in the European market has a number of advantages and is more beneficial in terms of environmental and economic effects for the region. First, from an economic point of view, this leads to an increase in the volume of attracted investments, a decrease in operating costs for international logistics, the creation of new jobs and qualifications for the population. In addition, it is important to be able to actively implement circular business models that will reuse lithium-ion phone batteries, which will lead to a decrease in the need for cobalt as a raw material, as well as lead to an increase in the level of recycling of e-waste and the circularity of the European economy. Also, such investment projects open up great opportunities for manufacturers from a marketing point of view, creating bonuses for a positive image and preferences for a “local green producer”.

scholarly journals Global warming potential of the production phase based on the example of a hotel regarding two different construction variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012232
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Engel ◽  
Manuela Walsdorf-Maul ◽  
Michael Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Production Phase

Abstract The construction industry has a major influence on man-made carbon dioxide emissions. Being sustainable also means reducing or neutralizing our carbon dioxide pollution in the future. This research and the corresponding work are therefore guided by the following question: Is it possible and useful to conduct life cycle assessments and at the same time analyze the environmental impact of the construction sector? In the context of this work, a life cycle assessment of a building is performed using the example of a hotel building. All construction elements of the thermal envelope are examined from an environmental point of view by considering the global warming potential of each part of the construction. The aim of the study is to draw conclusions about the parameters that are decisive for the construction of a hotel building from an ecological standpoint in the production phase. Based on the results of the study, we want to drive the development of a “future” energy performance certificate forward that graphically illustrates the evaluation of buildings under both aspects - energy efficiency (final energy) and sustainability (GWP - global warming potential).

scholarly journals Measuring Product Material Footprint as New Life Cycle Impact Assessment Method: Indicators and Abiotic Characterization Factors

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostert ◽  
Bringezu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Characterization Factors ◽  
Life Cycle Impact ◽  
Lcia Method

The global economy is using growing amounts of natural resources such as raw materials, water, and land by making and using goods, services, and infrastructure. Aspirations on international, regional, and national levels e.g., the Sustainable Development Goals, the EU flagship initiative Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe or the German Program for Resource Efficiency are showing an urgent need to bring the global raw material use down to sustainable levels. An essential prerequisite to identify resource efficient options and to implement resource efficiency measures and solutions is the ability to compare different products or services regarding their raw material use. Until today, there is no internationally standardized approach defined and no software supported calculation method including the necessary data basis available to measure the raw material intensity of products. A new life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) method Product Material Footprint PMF is described. Two indicators are used to quantify the PMF: the Raw Material Input RMI and the Total Material Requirement TMR. The calculation of global median values for the characterization factors CFRMI and CFTMR of abiotic materials was done based on different databases. This article presents the methodological approach of the PMF, the calculation results for CFRMI of 42 abiotic materials and CFTMR of 36 abiotic materials, and the implementation of the LCIA method into the software openLCA for use with the ecoinvent database.

scholarly journals Methodical Approach to Evaluation of Efficiency of Transformation of Business Processes on Engineering Enterprises in the Context of Ensuring Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-591
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Bazyliuk ◽  
Oleksandr Molnar ◽  
Nataliya Kyrlyk ◽  
Roksolana Vynnychuk ◽  
Roman Zavadyak
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Convenient Means ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Process Methodology ◽  
Theory Of Fuzzy Sets

The main purpose of the study is the formation the methodological approach to assessing the options for transforming of the main business process in the context of ensuring security. The study is based on the assessment results of several of leading engineering enterprises. The methodology of estimation of efficiency of carrying out transformation of the basic business processes of the enterprises, based on the theory of fuzzy sets, is a convenient means of carrying out multicriteria evaluation, comparative analysis from the point of view of integrated criterion and obtaining orderly priority of business processes on their efficiency. The study of the process of transformation of a business process for the production and sale of product enterprises was conducted and a methodology for assessing its effectiveness based on the use of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of fuzzy sets was formed and allows us to formalize and evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of each of the options for the business process. Methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the transformation of the main business processes at the enterprises can be used in enterprises of various profiles after the necessary analysis and optimization. The study conducted a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the transformation of the main business processes at the enterprises using as example engineering enterprises in the context of ensuring security.

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