scholarly journals Dengue Fever: In-Hospital Management of Critically ill Adult Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Kiran Fatima ◽  
Aamir Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Mortality

Dengue is rapidly becoming a major public health problem with significant mortality and morbidity. Management especially in first two days needs careful attention. We present a review of current literature on the management critically ill adult patients of dengue in hospital settings. Early diagnosis and close monitoring of response to treatment are necessary to prevent worse outcomes.

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

Crucial role of physiotherapy in treating COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Poonam Thakre ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Trupti Deshmukh ◽  
Nikhil Ingole ◽  
Sourabh Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sixth International

The emergence in China of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) previously provisionally names 2019-nCoV disease (COVID19) caused major global outbreak and is a major public health problem. On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared COVID19 to be the sixth international public health emergency. This present pandemic has engrossed the globe with a high rate of mortality. As a front line practitioner, physiotherapists are expected to be getting in direct contact with patients infected with the virus. That’s why it is necessary for understanding the many aspects of their role in the identification, contains, reduces and treats the symptoms of this disease. The main presentation is the involvement of respiratory system with symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, sneezing and characteristics of pneumonia leads to ARDS(Acute respiratory distress syndrome) also land up in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. This text describes and suggests physiotherapy management of acute COVID-19 patients. It also includes recommendations and guidelines for physiotherapy planning and management. It also covers the guidelines regarding personal care and equipment used for treatment which can be used in the treatment of acute adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ABG PATTERN IN PATIENTS OF COPD WITH OR WITHOUT COR PULMONALE

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Md Shoeb Alam ◽  
Rahul Ranjan ◽  
V N Jha
Keyword(s):  
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cor Pulmonale ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. COR PULMONALE describes the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance or increased pulmonary artery pressure. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, hypercapnia, respiratory acidosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD can cause an increase in right ventricular (RV) after load, which in turn, results in RVfailure leading to COR PULMONALE AIM:The purpose of the study is to compare the ABG pattern in patients of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar. The study was conducted with duration of 2 years. Atotal of 100 patients admitted as a case of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE. The patients were put into two subgroups, COPD with and without COR PULMONALE. RESULT: The mean duration was 10.17 years and 9.20 years respectively in patients with and without COR PULMONALE. There was no statistically signicant difference regarding mean duration of disease (p value =0.304). Mean CAT score was 16.59 ± 6.26 and mean mMRC was 3.19± 0.45 in COPD patients with COR PULMONALE group. Mean CAT score was 14.06 ± 4.46 and mean mMRC was 3.10 ± 0.44 in COPD patients without COR PULMONALE group. We found no signicant difference among these variables between groups. Although COR PULMONALE patients had higher CATscore and mMRC score, the difference was not signicant (p value = >0.05). CONCLUSION:ABG ANALYSIS should be recommended for all patients of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE to assess the degree of hypoxemia, hypercapnea, respiratory acidosis and also, we can identify individuals who need more close monitoring and intensive treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of STHs (Soil transmitted helminthes) of school children in Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Md Mahamudur Rahman ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Salma Ahmed ◽  
Md Murshed Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Mcmaster Method

Soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) infections are common throughout the tropics and subtropics and represents a major public health problem in developing countries. The rate of STHs infection found in the present study was very high in comparison to other countries of this Subcontinent, though they are taking antihelmintics every 6 months interval under Government National Health Program. The present study was carried out to see the Prevalence of STHs infection among the school children in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of 500 stool samples from healthy individuals were collected during April, 2012 to February, 2013 from 20 schools comprising 10 rural and 10 urbans under Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The samples were examined in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College using saline and iodine preparation microscopy and McMaster technique for the detection of ova of STHs.  The STHs prevalence irrespective of the age and sex of the individuals were 37.0% (185) out of 500 specimens where 68.0% (340/500) individuals were male represents the prevalence 38.0% (129/340) and 32.0% (160/500) individuals were female represents the prevalence 35.0% (56/160). Majority of the cases belonged to the age group >5-10 years 50.2% (251/500) of the total, constituted the prevalence 20.2% (101/500) of the total population and 40.2% (101/251) of the individual age group. The distribution of different STHs with their prevalence in the study population where Ascaris lumbricoides (AL) was 63.8% (118), Trichuris trichiura (TT) 37.3% (69), Enterobius vermicularis (EV) 8.1% (15), Ancylostoma duodenale (AD) 7.5% (14), and mixed infection was 15.1% (28). The upper socio-economic class constituted 5.0% (25/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 20.0% (5/25). The middle socio-economic class constituted 50.0% (250/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 37.2% (93/250) and the lower socio-economic class constituted 45.0% (225/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 38.6% (87/225). The urban population constituted 34.0% (170/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 31.2 % (53/170) and rural population constituted 66.0% (330/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 40.0% (132/330).  In this study, STHs detection by McMaster method was satisfactory. Thereby, McMaster method could be adapted for rapid detection and quantification of STHs. Moreover, one more frequent administration of antihelmintics with close monitoring of drug administration may reduce the prevalence of STHs infection in Bangladesh. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 04-09

scholarly journals Anaemia among Egyptian adolescents: prevalence and determinants

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025
Author(s):  
F. El Sahn ◽  
S. Sallam ◽  
A. Mandif ◽  
O. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Scale

We aimed to estimate the nationwide prevalence of anaemia among adolescents in Egypt and to study possible risk factors. A cross-sectional approach was used. Blood samples were collected from 1980 adolescents for haemoglobin estimation. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 46.6%, most of which was mild or moderate, with severe cases in less than 1.0% of the sample. Gender difference was almost nonexistent. A significant inverse relationship was observed between the level of anaemia and age [especially among boys], socioeconomic level and educational level. Anaemia was more prevalent in rural areas and in Upper [southern] Egypt. Anaemia is a major public health problem among Egyptian adolescents and wide-scale public health education is warranted.

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant typhoid fever: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 324-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ahmed Zaki ◽  
Sunil Karande
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
English Language ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Handling Practices

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant typhoid fever (MDRTF) is defined as typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains (S. Typhi), which are resistant to the first-line recommended drugs for treatment such as chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Since the mid-1980s, MDRTF has caused outbreaks in several countries in the developing world, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, especially in affected children below five years of age and those who are malnourished. Methodology: Two methods were used to gather the information presented in this article. First PubMed was searched for English language references to published relevant articles. Secondly, chapters on typhoid fever in standard textbooks of paediatric infectious diseases and preventive and social medicine were reviewed. Results: Although there are no pathognomonic clinical features of MDRTF at the onset of the illness, high fever ( > 104°F), toxaemia, abdominal distension, abdominal tenderness, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly are often reported. The gold standard for the diagnosis of MDRTF is bacterial isolation of the organism in blood cultures. Ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone are the drugs most commonly used for treatment of MDRTF and produce good clinical results. Conclusion: MDRTF remains a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries. Mass immunization in endemic areas with either the oral live attenuated Typhi 21a or the injectable unconjugated Vi typhoid vaccine, rational use of antibiotics, improvement in public sanitation facilities, availability of clean drinking water, promotion of safe food handling practices and public health education are vital in the prevention of MDRTF. 

scholarly journals NEW WORLD LEISHMANIOSIS IN RUSSIAN TOURISTS WHO VISITED SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES AND THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF THE TREATMENT WITH PERU BALSAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
A. M Bronshteyn ◽  
N. G Kochergin ◽  
N. A Malyshev ◽  
V. Ya Lashin ◽  
S. V Burova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
New World ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
South American ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
Local Species

Two cases of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired by Russian tourists in Peru and possibly in Bolivia are presented. L. viannia ( L.braziliensis complex) was identified in Liverpool School of Tropical medicine in the patient travelled to Bolivia. The present study aimed to investigate Balsamum peruvianum one of the product of folk medicine of Indians of Amazon region against local species of Leishmania resulted in healing the ulcers. Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem, and the alarming spread of parasite resistance has increased the importance of discovering new therapeutic products.

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