scholarly journals Economic justification for the cost of measures to improve conditions and safety of work

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.А. Бронникова ◽  
Л.В. Бронникова
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
The Cost

В настоящее время эффективность проведения мероприятий, связанных с улучшением условий и обеспечением безопасности труда работников промышленных предприятий, в том числе в судостроительной отрасли, оценивается, главным образом, с применением социальных показателей (сокращение количества рабочих мест с неблагоприятными условиями труда, снижение уровня производственного травматизма, сокращение текучести кадров и другие). Вместе с тем, существует актуальная потребность в оценке экономической эффективности указанных мероприятий, что необходимо для рационального расходования финансовых ресурсов, выделяемых на обеспечение производственной безопасности. Специалистами профильных организаций были предложены методические разработки в области оценки экономической эффективности мероприятий по улучшению условий труда, но их практическое использование затруднено в связи с отсутствием релевантной методики определения исходных величин для расчета данных показателей. На основе анализа упомянутых разработок, авторы применили к ним результаты собственных исследований и предложили адаптированную методику экономического обоснования рассматриваемых мероприятий. В статье приведена структура затрат на компенсацию негативного воздействия производственной среды на работников. Предложен метод определения значений исходных величин (данных) для расчета показателей социально-экономического эффекта. Приведены показатели, позволяющие учесть влияние рассматриваемых мероприятий на производительность труда, а также оценить сумму экономии расходов на компенсационные выплаты. Изложенные в статье предложения по расчету социально-экономического эффекта от проектируемых (планируемых) мероприятий по улучшению условий и безопасности труда позволяют повысить точность расчетов и объективность выводов об экономической эффективности рассматриваемых мероприятий. Что, в свою очередь, позволит обеспечить повышение экономической эффективности конечных результатов работы предприятия. Nowadays, the effectiveness of measures related to improving conditions and ensuring the safety of workers of industrial enterprises, also including the shipbuilding industry, is usually rated by using social indicators (reduction in the number of jobs with unfavorable labor conditions, reduction in the level of industrial injuries, staff turnover reduction and others). At the same time, there is an urgent need to assess the cost-effectiveness of these activities, due to the need to rationally spending the financial resources allocated to ensure industrial safety. Experts of specialized organizations suggested methodological developments for diagnosis economical effectiveness of events to improve jobs condition. Practical usage of these methods is difficult due to the lack of relevant methods for defining initial values which are used in calculations. Based on the analysis of the mentioned developments, the authors applied the results of their own research to them and proposed an adapted methodology for the economic justification of the measures under consideration. The article presents the cost structure for compensating the negative impact of the labor environment on workers. A method for determining the values of the initial values (data) for calculating indicators of the socio-economic effect is presented in article. Demonstrated indicators allow to represent the influence of events on working efficiency and to measure the spend savings on compensative payments. Described proposals for social-economic event efficiency calculation methodology allow to increase the calculation accuracy and make adequate conclusions of event's social-economy efficiency. This, in turn, will lead to improve the economic effectiveness of the final results of whole enterprise.

scholarly journals Legal Basis for Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Elena Zaliznyak ◽  
◽  
Sergey Zhbannikov ◽  
Nataliya Morozova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
State Level ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
State Registration

Industrial enterprises and other business entities whose activities involve direct or indirect impact on environmental components must comply with legal requirements in the field of environmental protection. Over the past 5 years, there have been significant changes in environmental legislation. All objects that have a negative impact on the environment are subject to state registration. When registering an enterprise, it is subject to assignment to one of four categories of objects of negative impact, depending on the industry affiliation, production capacity, chemical composition of emissions, discharges, and other criteria. Currently, legislative innovations are aimed at business development and reducing the administrative burden on business entities, but this creates a threat to the safe operation of industrial facilities. There are more than 340 thousand objects of negative impact on the territory of Russia, of which one third is subject to Federal supervision. According to 2019 data, less than 4% of enterprises had their operational safety audits performed. The detection of violations of the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection, as well as failure to eliminate the identified violations, indicates the formation of potential threats to environmental safety. Taking into account the current economic crisis, in which solving environmental problems will not be a priority for business structures, the protection of the population and the natural environment is fully transferred to the state level.

scholarly journals COST-DEPENDENT ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION AS A TOOL OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF NON-PAYMENT FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
A. P. Dzyuba ◽  
I, A. Soloveva
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Cost

The growth of indebtedness of industrial enterprises operating in conditions of economic instability for consumed electricity and the sanctions imposed by the energy supplying organizations for late payments, determine the urgency of the problem of managing the risks of non-payment for energy from industrial enterprises. The article is devoted to the description of the method developed by the authors for managing the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for consumed electricity, based on the principles of price-dependent electricity consumption. Based on the study of the mechanism of formation of the cost of electricity purchased by industrial enterprises in the wholesale and retail electricity markets, special methods were proposed to control each component of the cost of electricity: electrical energy, electrical power, electricity transmission services. It justifies the need to develop options for operating modes of industrial equipment, such as nominal load mode, load limiting mode, technological minimum load, in order to effectively implement and use price-dependent power consumption in crisis conditions.Modeling scenarios of price-dependent demand management for power consumption is made on the example of a machine-building enterprise and the calculation and component-wise analysis of the economic effect of price-dependent management and the factors influencing its formation are carried out. The developed method allows you to effectively manage the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for electricity, as well as minimize the risks of restricting the supply of electricity to industrial facilities and disruptions in the operation of industrial equipment.

scholarly journals Economic-mathematical model of obtaining commodity products of the green construction department of the Krasnoyarsk city

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
N Haydenok ◽  
V Chumakov ◽  
N Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The article deals with the possibility of obtaining marketable products from plant raw materials obtained as a result of urban landscaping and gardening in Krasnoyarsk. The aim of this scientific research is to create an effective system of recycling environmentally friendly organic waste, and thus to reduce the negative impact on the environment and ensure environmental safety. The material of the research is organic waste from pruning of trees, bushes and lawn mowing, as well as means of production for their processing. A linear programming method was used in the work. Solving the posed optimization problem according to the chosen criteria and established systems of restrictions, we will receive either the maximum income, or the minimum costs, or the maximum productivity. It is realistic to formulate the optimization problem seasonally. Economic effect is achieved by reducing the cost of landfill disposal and obtaining a profit from the sale of commercial products made from green organic waste. The project is planned to be implemented on the basis of Krasnoyarsk municipal enterprise “Green Building Department”. The prospect of this research is to reduce the amount of waste by maximising recycling and incorporating it into the economy.

scholarly journals COST-DEPENDENT ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION AS A TOOL OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF NON-PAYMENT FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2019 ◽  
pp. 08-19
Author(s):  
A. P. Dzyuba ◽  
I, A. Soloveva
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Cost

The growth of indebtedness of industrial enterprises operating in conditions of economic instability for consumed electricity and the sanctions imposed by the energy supplying organizations for late payments, determine the urgency of the problem of managing the risks of non-payment for energy from industrial enterprises. The article is devoted to the description of the method developed by the authors for managing the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for consumed electricity, based on the principles of price-dependent electricity consumption. Based on the study of the mechanism of formation of the cost of electricity purchased by industrial enterprises in the wholesale and retail electricity markets, special methods were proposed to control each component of the cost of electricity: electrical energy, electrical power, electricity transmission services. It justifies the need to develop options for operating modes of industrial equipment, such as nominal load mode, load limiting mode, technological minimum load, in order to effectively implement and use price-dependent power consumption in crisis conditions.Modeling scenarios of price-dependent demand management for power consumption is made on the example of a machine-building enterprise and the calculation and component-wise analysis of the economic effect of price-dependent management and the factors influencing its formation are carried out. The developed method allows you to effectively manage the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for electricity, as well as minimize the risks of restricting the supply of electricity to industrial facilities and disruptions in the operation of industrial equipment.

scholarly journals A modern view on service and operational competence development of specialists dealing with hazardous production facilities safe operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Andrey Lvovich Panychev ◽  
Larisa Nicolaevna Gorina
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Production Facilities

The paper presents the results of the study aimed at improving the quality of specialists training in higher educational institutions who will fork for industrial enterprises where hazardous production facilities are operated. The quality of training depends on the level of industrial safety of hazardous production facilities and as a consequence the likelihood of accidents. At the moment, despite the general trend of reducing accidents at hazardous production facilities over the past ten years, their number remains quite significant. At the same time, social and economic damage from accidents can be estimated at 600-700 billion rubles per year, which will have a negative impact on the economic stability of the Russian Federation. The obligations of industrial enterprises where hazardous production facilities are operated and its employees are defined by the legislation. The content of education should take into account these basic requirements, which should be formed into separate themes. Accordingly, the modular principle is used in the design of the training content. The development of content in the form of modules will ensure the organizational and substantive unity of students training. We accept lectures and practical classes, as well as group and individual ones as the main methods of the educational process. Learning the material based on the results of lectures, practical training and self-training should allow students to form the qualities specified in our profesionogram. How the educational material proposed for study is learned should be checked during the control activities, starting from the initial-input control and ending with the final control.

scholarly journals Biofouling as one of the Factors of Sustainable Development of Shipbuilding

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Andrey Mosunov ◽  
Vladislav Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
The Cost

Sea transportation is one of the cheapest and most widespread types of cargo transportation, and the process of fouling of the vessel’s hull has an extremely negative impact on its maneuverability and running characteristics. This leads to excessive consumption of fuel, an increase in the cost of delivery of goods and environmental risks. Namely, when additional fuel is burned, the emission of the greenhouse gas CO2 increases. Considering the accompanying environmental risks in the long-term planning of the shipbuilding industry will ensure the sustainability of its development. In the study we suggest a simple way to assess quantitatively the development strategy of shipbuilding from the point of view of the accompanying economic and environmental consequences by constructing a matrix model for the industry development. The matrix model was applied to the Strategy for Development of the Shipbuilding Industry in Russia until 2035. In the future, on the basis of the offered model, it is possible to develop optimal environmentally neutral scenarios for shipbuilding development.

scholarly journals Safety and Sanitary Conditions of Industrial Enterprises of the Middle Volga in the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-371
Author(s):  
Andrey E. Makushev
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Introduction. The acceleration of the processes of industrial modernization, observed in the late XIX – early XX centuries, led to the formation of an industrial environment that inevitably had a negative impact on humans. In these conditions the task of monitoring by the authorities the situation at industrial enterprises in terms of the development of certain indicators and standards in the field of protecting the life and health of workers, as well as the responsibility of entrepreneurs for their non-compliance, was updated. In this paper an attempt was made to consider the situation of workers employed at large industrial enterprises of the Middle Volga region in the late XIX – early XX centuries, from the standpoint of ensuring safety and sanitary standards, as well as measures taken by business, public and state structures to neutralize the harmful effects techno genic environment on the health of industrial workers. Methods. To solve the tasks set, we used elements of the methods of socio-institutional and legal analysis, which allowed us to consider the object of study in a wide range of socio-economic and institutional-legal relations. The use of modernization theory allowed us to include the activities carried out in the late XIX – early XX centuries to ensure safety and sanitary standards at industrial enterprises in the trend of industrial modernization at the level of social sub-processes. Results. Based on a study of archival and published sources, as well as available scientific literature on the topic, the process of institutionalization and the formation of a legal base for activities to monitor compliance with industrial safety and sanitary standards in the late XIX – early XX centuries was considered. The analysis of the situation of workers in the factories of the provinces of the Middle Volga in terms of labor safety and sanitary conditions. The activities of the factory inspection to identify violations of established rules and standards, as well as the investigation of accidents with industrial workers associated with inadequate security and non-compliance with safety measures, are investigated. Discussion and Conclusion. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, a system of public and state control over safety measures and sanitary conditions at industrial enterprises was formed in Russia. And the most important role was given to the factory inspection institute. At the same time there was a process of developing a regulatory framework and technical regulations designed to provide support for such activities. All this made possible to achieve certain successes in this area, which were the result of efforts undertaken by society and state institutions. Nevertheless, in the field of ensuring safety and sanitary standards, a large number of problems remained at the industrial enterprises of the Middle Volga provinces. This is evidenced, in particular, by the growth of industrial injuries in the factories and plants of the Middle Volga Region supervised by factory inspections, which was observed at the beginning of the 20th century. However, for the most part this was due to an increase in the number of industrial enterprises and workers employed by them, the complication of technical and technological processes, as well as an increase in labor intensification. At the same time, the positive results achieved in ensuring the safety of industrial labor are evidenced by a significant decrease in the number of fatal accidents. In many respects, this was the result of the activities of the factory inspection, which insistently demanded that the owners of factories take the necessary measures to ensure safety and sanitary standards when organizing industrial work and punishable for violation of applicable rules.

scholarly journals Methods and models for creating a market 4PL operator based on a logistics division of a large industrial holding company

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
K. Zh. Kudaibergen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Holding Companies ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Holding Company ◽  
Logistics Company ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Cost

The study relevance is due to the low efficiency of logistics systems of industrial enterprises and a limited set of methods for managing operational logistics activities. The work touches upon the key aspects of the activities of company logistics departments, namely the management, motivational, operational, process and information functions. The models and tools presented in the study allow implementing a large-scale concept of changes that modifies the work methods, economics and status of logistics of a large industrial holding company. The developed concept is based on methods of finding a balance between logistics costs, services and risks of dependence on third-party logistics operators, as well as on a set of tools to reduce the share of logistics costs in the cost of finished products of industrial holding companies. A portfolio of projects aimed at introducing a matrix organizational and managerial structure of a logistics company, regulating core activities, normalization and planning of operating activities, introducing a KPI system and staff motivation is used in the study as the basic transformation tools. The issues of automation of a logistics company main processes and creation of a 4PL-operator on the basis of an existing logistics company of a large industrial holding company allowing achieving a significant economic effect and reducing the share of logistics costs in the cost of finished products are considered.

scholarly journals Organizational and economic mechanism of current assets management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of market transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11/1 (-) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Oleksandr NOSYRIEV ◽  
Serhii MEKHOVYCH
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Assets Management

Introduction. Analysis of current assets of the enterprise is an important process, which consists in researching and monitoring the property status and key indicators of current assets of the enterprise in the process of its financial and economic activities in order to identify ways to increase its market value and ensure effective development. The purpose of the paper is devoted to the analysis of management and financing of current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, systematization of methods of current assets management, actualization of problems and formulation of proposals for effective financial management of current assets and substantiation of directions of current assets management in industrial market conditions. Results. The concept of “current assets” as an element of resource potential used by the enterprise and aimed at ensuring a systematic, continuous and controlled process of economic activity, consumed once to ensure the economic effect in future periods, is improved. The influence of the current assets management system on ensuring the financial stability of enterprises is outlined. The stages of the current assets management process are singled out, the main strategies of current assets financing are investigated and measures to increase the efficiency of current assets management of enterprises in modern market conditions are proposed. When optimizing the size of current assets should be minimal, but sufficient «to ensure uninterrupted financing of planned costs required for the production and sale of products of the enterprise, the implementation of settlements with contractors in a timely manner. It is emphasized that accelerating the turnover of working capital can significantly reduce the cost of production. Conclusion. The company, forming working capital, should seek to minimize the cost of capital spent on creating their value. Optimization of the composition and volume of working capital, a rational relationship between own, borrowed and borrowed sources of their formation will provide a sufficient level of solvency, liquidity and profitability, strengthening the financial condition, growth of market value of industrial sector enterprises in modern market conditions.

ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF BIOTECHNOLOGIES USING IN ANIMAL FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
A. A. Mosolov ◽  
G. V. Komlatskiy ◽  
M. A. Nesterenko ◽  
K. D. Nimbona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
State Level ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.

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