scholarly journals Numerical simulation of wave and wind effects on the anchoring system of a cage module for growing fish in marine areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Е.А. Тихонов ◽  
И.В. Григорьев ◽  
В.И. Базыкин ◽  
А.А. Шубин
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Component ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Patent Search ◽  
Anchoring System ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Archimedean Force ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
New System

В представленной работе рассматриваются технические аспекты совершенствования конструкции садкового модуля для промышленного выращивания рыбы. Цель работы: уменьшение затрат на систему удержания положения садкового модуля на водоеме. Задача, которую необходимо решить для достижения данной цели заключается в разработке новой системы удержания садков с учетом их взаимодействия в едином модуле. Для решения данной задачи использован патентный поиск и анализ сильных и слабых сторон известных технических решений садков и их систем. Проанализированы недостатки так называемой «норвежской системы» удержания садковых модулей. Разработана система удержания садкового модуля, в которой не подразумевается использование круглозвенных цепей, а натяжение системы обеспечивается балансирами. Кроме того, в методику расчета введен учет вертикальной составляющей при расчете реакции опоры якоря, что позволило боле точно рассчитать необходимую массу якорей с учетом уменьшения силы трения и архимедовой силы. This paper discusses the technical aspects of improving the design of the cage module for industrial fish farming. Objective: to reduce the cost of the system for holding the position of the cage module on the reservoir. The task that needs to be solved to achieve this goal is to develop a new system for holding cages, taking into account their interaction in a single module. To solve this problem, we used patent search and analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of known technical solutions of cages and their systems. The disadvantages of the so-called "Norwegian system" for holding cage modules are analyzed. A system for holding the cage module has been developed, which does not imply the use of round-link chains, and the tension of the system is provided by balancers. In addition, the calculation method takes into account the vertical component when calculating the reaction of the anchor support, which made it possible to more accurately calculate the required mass of anchors, taking into account the reduction of the friction force and Archimedean force.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR THE PREVENTION OF APNEA DURING PHYSIOLOGICAL SLEEP IN HUMANS

2020 ◽  
pp. 198-210
Author(s):  
Сергей Борисович Казаков ◽  
Дмитрий Михайлович Шишов ◽  
Антон Игоревич Ларин ◽  
Александр Петрович Николаев ◽  
Аза Валерьевна Писарева
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
High Price ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Exact Moment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Physiological Sleep

В статье представлен обзор существующих технических решений в сфере мониторинга и предотвращения апноэ во сне. Произведён анализ существующих аппаратов для предотвращения апноэ, который показал, что на рынке присутствует большое количество импортных моделей, однако они имеют довольно высокую цену. Разработанный нами Российский аналог проектируемого аппарата, при схожих характеристиках, будет иметь более привлекательную цену, чем у импортных приборов. Интегрирование датчика влажности в персональную маску пациента даёт возможность отслеживать остановки дыхания пациента во время сна, и тем самым включать процесс принудительной подачи дыхательной смеси именно в тот момент, когда она необходима для устранения патологии. Целью научной работы является разработка конструкции прибора и создание алгоритма программы для управления аппарата искусственной вентиляции лёгких для предотвращения апноэ во сне. Показана разработка структуры устройства аппарата. Подобран компрессор и датчик влажности с обоснованными характеристиками для создания аппарата, а также основные элементы. Разработана конструкция корпуса аппарата и разработана компоновка. Выполнено технико-экономическое обоснование разработки аппаратно-программного комплекса для предотвращения апноэ во сне. Показано, что себестоимость готового изделия достаточно конкурентна The article presents an overview of existing technical solutions in the field of monitoring and prevention of sleep apnea. An analysis of existing devices for preventing apnea was made, which showed that there are a large number of imported models on the market, but they have a fairly high price. The Russian analog of the designed device developed by us, with similar characteristics, will have a more attractive price than that of imported devices. The integration of the humidity sensor into the patient's personal mask makes it possible to monitor the patient's breathing stops during sleep, and thus enable the process of forced delivery of the respiratory mixture at the exact moment when it is necessary to eliminate the pathology. The purpose of the research is to develop the device design and create a program algorithm for controlling the artificial lung ventilation device to prevent sleep apnea. The development of the device structure is shown. The compressor and humidity sensor with reasonable characteristics for creating the device, as well as the main elements are selected. The design of the device body and its layout were developed. A feasibility study for the development of a hardware and software system for preventing sleep apnea has been completed. It is shown that the cost of the finished product is quite competitive

Microcontroller Device for Conductor Identification Using Acoustic Signal

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Vinogradov ◽  
Aleksey V. Bukreev
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Electrical Wiring ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions

When repairing and replacing electrical wiring in enterprises, the main difficulty is the lack or poor quality of documentation, plans for conductors laying. Distinguishing wires (cables) and their cores by the color of the shells or using tags attached to the ends is difficult if the shells have the same color and there are no tags. Devices and technical solutions used to identify wires and cables do not allow recognizing conductors without breaking the electrical circuit, removing insulation, and de-energizing the network. Searching for the right conductor is a time-consuming operation. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new microcontroller device for identifying wires using an acoustic signal. (Materials and methods) Literature sources has been searched for devices for conductors identifying. (Results and discussion) The article proposes a method that involves feeding an acoustic signal to a wire at one point and capturing it at another, in order to recognize the desired wire. The article presents results of comparison of the developed microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal with known devices and methods for conductors recognizing. (Conclusions) The article reveals the shortcomings of existing methods and means of identifying wires and cables. Authors performed a theoretical calculation of the sound pressure in the conductor at a given distance. The article presents the calculation of speed of acoustic waves in conductors with different types of insulation. Authors designed a microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal and tested it. It was determined that the device increases the safety of work, reduces the cost of operating internal wiring and identification time; eliminates the violation of wire insulation, the need to disable electrical receivers. The convergence of theoretical calculations and experimental data was shown.

scholarly journals A METHODOLOGY TO SUPPORT COMPANIES IN THE FIRST STEPS TOWARDS DE-MANUFACTURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Federica Cappelletti ◽  
Marta Rossi ◽  
Michele Germani ◽  
Mohammad Shadman Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Disassembly Sequence ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Complex Activities

AbstractDe-manufacturing and re-manufacturing are fundamental technical solutions to efficiently recover value from post-use products. Disassembly in one of the most complex activities in de-manufacturing because i) the more manual it is the higher is its cost, ii) disassembly times are variable due to uncertainty of conditions of products reaching their EoL, and iii) because it is necessary to know which components to disassemble to balance the cost of disassembly. The paper proposes a methodology that finds ways of applications: it can be applied at the design stage to detect space for product design improvements, and it also represents a baseline from organizations approaching de-manufacturing for the first time. The methodology consists of four main steps, in which firstly targets components are identified, according to their environmental impact; secondly their disassembly sequence is qualitatively evaluated, and successively it is quantitatively determined via disassembly times, predicting also the status of the component at their End of Life. The aim of the methodology is reached at the fourth phase when alternative, eco-friendlier End of Life strategies are proposed, verified, and chosen.

Optimization of Hyper Compressors Configuration and Related Plant Arrangement

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Maggi ◽  
Leonardo Tognarelli ◽  
Stefano Giorgetti
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Engineering Company ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Torsional Analysis ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
High Pressure Equipment ◽  
Critical Aspects

A good design of hyper compressors is heavily dependent by the good understanding of all critical aspects of the LDPE plant and on the implementation of appropriate technical solutions, during the design phase, to identify and resolve problems that may arise during the operation of the plant. The various aspects have to be investigated keeping in mind to reach an optimum performance in agreement with the customer’s requirements. The real effort is starting at the first design stages where all different departments are involved for dynamic loads acting on the foundation, the torsional analysis involving the motor supplier and the pulsation/vibration considerations interfacing the engineering company, the suppliers of high pressure equipment and the end users. All the stress levels, the pulsation and vibrations have to be minimized. Such results are influenced by the layout of the plant and the arrangement of the cranks of the compressor’s crank-shaft. This latter decision can improve the pulsation level, but affect the loads on the foundations. Here is the optimization of some technical aspects to be faced with the approval of all actors involved.

Methods for reducing the cost of production of commercial carp when feeding grain crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
G. E. Servetnik ◽  
E. V. Pishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Pond Aquaculture ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
The Cost

Feeding is one of the main methods of intensification of agricultural fish farming. Based on FAO reports, the share of aquaculture products grown with feed is gradually increasing. In pond farms with medium and high degree of intensification, up to 80% of fish products are produced due to feeding. Moreover, in the structure of the cost of fish production, compound feeds account for up to half of the total costs, and in industrial aquaculture up to 65–70%. It is shown that it is Known that feeding and growing technology account for about 55% of the success rate of increasing fish productivity, while the genetic potential is only about 25%, and the share of veterinary and sanitary well-being of fish accounts for about 20%. In Russia and many other countries, cereals are used to reduce the cost of carp farming products, as a relatively cheap and affordable source of energy compared to granulated feed. The availability and low cost of such feed is of paramount importance in pond aquaculture and currently all cereal species are used for artificial feeding. Information about feeding carp with grain crops, as well as requirements for the quality and safety of feed is provided. It is indicated that feeding carp with whole grains is advisable if the natural food base is well developed. Traditional fish farming experience shows that feeding carp with whole wheat grain is advisable when the planting density of two-year-olds is up to 3.5 thousand / ha and mainly in August-September. Before eating fish, the grain must necessarily swell in water, otherwise it injures the intestines and is excreted from the digestive tract poorly digested.

Links between pond and dike, their potential and impacts on livelihood.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjurul Karim ◽  
Md. Abdul Wahab ◽  
David Little ◽  
Md. Shamsul ◽  
V. Marc
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Productive System ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Inland Water Bodies

Abstract Aquaculture and horticulture are interlinked and both of these agricultural components have considerable importance in the economy of Bangladesh. Most people in this country depend on fish as the principal source of animal protein. Vegetables are also considered by Bangladeshi people as important food items and as a source of micronutrients. Ponds, among various inland water bodies, are the most important water reservoir, providing access to fish, irrigation for surrounding vegetables and rice crops and water for family use, and thus are an integral part of rural and peri-urban households. Integration of crops with fish farming through pond-dike systems may be an economically viable and productive system for both richer and poorer farmers in rural and peri-urban areas in Bangladesh. High-cost inputs in fish farming are not needed in such pond-dike systems, therefore reducing the cost of inputs, provided that there is proper integration between pond and crops grown in the vicinity. A community-level assessment of the importance and role of pond-dike systems and a baseline study, carried out in villages in Mymensingh district in early 2002 by the Pondlive project funded by the European Commission, are outlined.

Managing ISO 9000 Implementation

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-800
Author(s):  
W. J. Lupear
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Iso 9000 ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Organization Learning ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Transformational Process ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Successful Change ◽  
Transformational Management

Many companies worldwide are implementing and applying for registration for the ISO 9000 series of quality standards. This implementation has the same effect on an organization as any other process that is changing the methods, procedures, or the basic culture of the company. The management style necessary to make these changes successful is the same as that which is necessary for any other transformational process. If the correct management style is present, ISO 9000 implementation, and any other change being attempted, will be successful. Change can be accomplished without transformational management but the overall effect and the cost benefit will not be maximized. This transformational management is the most important element. The technical aspects (the ISO 9000 hows and whys) are just a matter of someone within the organization learning them and developing a plan and system for management. The correct management style to achieve change is the most difficult. Strategies need to be clearly defined and methods developed in order to control the projects. Roadblocks need to be clearly identified and action planned to compensate for any shortcomings.

scholarly journals Economics of ornamental fish farming industry in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Umamaheswari ◽  
M. Rajakumar ◽  
P. Chidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Expected Profit ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Ranking Technique

India has enormous potential for the development of ornamental fish business. Although the country has conducive environmental conditions for breeding and culture of ornamental fishes, its share in export of ornamental fishes is less than 1%. The present study was undertaken to address the constraints prevailing in ornamental fish farming. Study was carried out among 44 ornamental fish farms in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu by adopting random sampling technique. The selected farms were classified into small (<0.5 ha) and medium farms (0.5-2 ha) and the data were collected by personally interviewing the fish farmers. The study attempted to analyse the socio-economic characteristics of respondents, existing supply chain, constraints involved in ornamental fish farming, annual revenue loss due to major constraints, treatment cost and expected profit margin. Various constraints were classified as production, marketing and others and were ranked using Garrett ranking technique. Tabular and percentage analyses were used to estimate the cost of treatment, revenue loss and expected profit margin. Four types of marketing channels were observed in the study area. Disease outbreak was found to be the major constraint faced by the farmers and hence, the revenue loss was estimated for the same. The annual revenue loss was found to be higher for the small ornamental units when compared to medium farms, which showed higher profit margin than small ornamental fish farms.

scholarly journals The Legal Status of Archipelagos in the International Law of the Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p189
Author(s):  
Maher Gamil Aboukhewat
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
New System

The archipelagic States, which attempt to extend their control over the waters surrounding their islands, are demanding the establishment of a legal system for archipelagos in order to preserve their interests, their maritime wealth and their regional security. On the other hand, there are the great maritime States that hold on to the freedom of the sea and international navigation.The problems raised by the islands constituting the archipelago did not stand at the end of sovereignty disputes and their right to their own maritime areas, but many other problems were associated with the presence of archipelagic islands. The measurement of marine areas of archipelagic islands requires a description of how the baselines from which these areas are measured are to be drawn. Also, the measurement of marine areas of the islands of individual problems is different from those raised by the presence of the islands in the form of an archipelago. Drawing baselines also varies according to the archipelagic islands site, and whether they are located in front of the coast regions or at the entrances to the bays in these coasts, or were located in the sea or ocean.These problems remained subject to international controversy and tension until a new system of archipelagic State was adopted under Part IV of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1982, which represents a very important renewal of the international law of the sea.

Élimination des hydrures métalliques des déchets gazeux d'un réacteur LP-MOVPE pour la croissance de composés (In, Ga) (As, P)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cova ◽  
R. A. Masut ◽  
R. Lacoursière ◽  
A. Bensaada ◽  
C. A. Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Reaction Chamber ◽  
Vapour Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New System

We have realized a new system for treating gaseous wastes from a metallorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) reactor used for the low pressure epitaxial growth of intrinsic and doped semiconducting crystals in the InGaAsP family. The system is based on a series of 5 successive phases of destruction: dilution, combustion pyrolysis, condensation and filtering. The design minimizes the cost remarkably and optimizes the incineration of toxic gases. After the combustion of 138 m3 of H2 and the incineration of 276 L of phosphine, we observe that the reaction chamber does not show any corrosion nor any deposit of chemical products, which are daily eliminated together with the water produced during the combustion. For the maximum phosphine concentration that has been used (7340 ppm), no phosphine concentration has been detected in the output with a detecting system having a sensitivity of 0.001 ppm. For the total fluxes entering the reaction chamber (10–25 L/min), the transit time (1s) of gas molecules does not limit the efficiency of conversion of toxic gases. This is important if one wishes to adapt this system to a MOVPE production reaction using a higher flux of phosphine.[Journal translation]

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