scholarly journals Preemptive Ketorolac is as Effective as Oxycodone Decreasing Plasma Cortisol Levels in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Rizal Zainal ◽  
Nugraha Heryadi ◽  
Agustina Br Haloho ◽  
Erial Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Comparison Level

Introduction: Post-surgical pain is a complex problem, if not treated properly it can have multisystem negative effects. Hormone cortisol can be increased in stressful situations. A study on the effectiveness of ketorolac and another opioid on cortisol levels has been shown. However, a study about the effect of oxycodone on cortisol levels and its comparison with Ketorolac has never been done before. This study aimed to compare the effect of preemptive administration of 30 mg ketorolac and 5 mg oxycodone on plasma cortisol levels in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out between October and December 2020 in the central operating room of dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Surgical patients according to the inclusion criteria who received spinal anesthesia were randomly given 5 mg oxycodone and 30 mg ketorolac intravenously shortly after spinal anesthesia. Cortisol levels were measured before and after the intervention. Data analysis using SPSS ver. 20 Windows with a 95% confidence interval. Result: In total, 56 subjects were included. 29 samples in the ketorolac group and 27 samples in the oxycodone group. There were no significant differences in age, sex, nutritional status, blood sugar, and VAS score. There was no significant difference in the mean of cortisol levels before the intervention in the ketorolac group 12.9421 + 6.096 m/dL and the oxycodone group 14.033 + 4.315 m/dL (p = 0.446). The mean value of cortisol levels after intervention in the ketorolac group was 12.979 + 6.280 m/dL and oxycodone 15.353 + 11.704 m/dL, there was no significant difference in changes in cortisol before and after intervention in the Ketorolac group (p = 0.692) and Oxycodone (p = 0.552). The comparison level of cortisol changes between the two groups was not significantly different (p = 0.267). Conclusion: There was no difference in the comparison of the effect of preemptive administration of 30 mg IV ketorolac and 5 mg IV oxycodone on plasma cortisol levels in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.

scholarly journals Quality of life of obstetrics fistula patients before and after surgical repair in the Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilahun Fufa Debela ◽  
Zerihun Asefa Hordofa ◽  
Aster Berhe Aregawi ◽  
Demisew Amenu Sori
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Jimma University

Abstract Background The consequences of obstetric fistula on affected women are more than the medical condition. It has extensive physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences on them. Obstetric fistula affects the entire health and entire life of women. Women suffering from obstetric fistula are often abandoned by her partner, relatives, and the community. This study aimed to determine the quality of life of obstetrics fistula patients before and after surgical repair. Methods Institutional-based prospective, before and after study design was conducted in the Jimma University Medical Center from November 1, 2019–October 30, 2020. A face-to-face interview was conducted with fistula patients who visited Jimma University Medical center, fistula clinic during the study period. All fistula patients were included in the study. Accordingly, 78 women who underwent surgical repair were interviewed. The means and the standard deviation were computed using conventional statistics formulas. The unpaired t-test was used to compare two independent means, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the quality of life before repair and after a successful repair. Linear regression analysis was done for identifying determinants of quality of life. A P value of 0.05 will be considered statistical significance. Result The overall quality of life of women was 58.17 ± 7.2 before the surgical repair and 71.20 ± 10.79 after surgical repair. The result indicates there is a significant difference in the mean value of pre and post-operative (P < 0.001). The overall satisfaction of women with their health status before the surgical repair was 22.5 ± 1.30and it has increased to 53.0 ± .90after surgical repair. The physical health dimension score was 16.51 ± 5.27 before the surgical repair while it has increased to 21.77 ± 5.38 after the surgical repair. The score of the social domain before the surgical repair was 5.19 ± 1.34 and it has increased to 7.13 ± 3.67 after the surgical repair. The score of the environmental health domain was 17.41 ± 2.89 before the surgery while it also increased to 21.65 ± 4.04 after the surgical repair. The results have shown there was a significant difference in the mean values of pre and post-operatives in both social and environmental scores (P < 0.001). The score of the psychological health domain before the surgery was 19.06 ± 1.46 and it was increased to 19.84 ± 3.21 after the surgical repair. The result showed there is a significant difference in mean value pre and post-operative (P = 0.048), though it is a slight improvement compared to other domains. Conclusion The overall quality of life of the patient with fistula was improved after successful surgical repair. Although all domains of quality of life had shown significant improvement after successful surgical repair, the psychological domain showed slight improvement.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBEDAAN ABNORMAL RETURN DAN TRADING VOLUME ACTIVITY SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PERISTIWA GEMPA DI YOGYAKARTA TANGGAL 27 MEI 2006 (Sudi Kasus pada Perusahaan Asuransi Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta)

IQTISHODUNA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Nurul Istanti, SE., MM.,
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Difference Test

This research presents an empirical analysis of difference between abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after earths-quake, in Yogyakarta at May 27, 2006. And examine its statistical properties. This research argues that there was difference between abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. For this purpose, the mean difference test, using t-test, was applied to compare the mean value of abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. The sample of this research consists of the insurance firms listed at the Jakarta Stock Exchange. Investigation on the sample firms involved periods of ten days before quake and ten days after quake. The results of this research indicate that there was no significant difference between the abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. This evidence confirms that even did not positively influence abnormal return and trading volume activity as suggested theoretically.  

scholarly journals Comparing the Efficacy of Topical Metformin and Placebo in the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Mapar ◽  
Ali Asghar Hemmati ◽  
Ghazal Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Metformin Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
P 16 ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Generally affecting women, melasma is the acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation, and researches are still ongoing to find an effective, fast, and low-side-effect drug treating this disease. The present study is aimed at comparing the efficacy of topical metformin and placebo in the treatment of melasma. Methods: Sixty patients with melasma were treated in placebo and topical metformin recipient groups in a double-blind clinical trial. In addition to the demographic and laboratory findings of patients before and after the intervention, the MASI Score of patients in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12 of the study and then one month after the study were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 35.25 ± 7.11 years. No significant difference was observed between the phenotypes (P= .49) and the type of melasma (P= .63) in the two groups. The mean MASI score of patients at the time of being included in the study in the placebo group was 10.47 ± 3.08; and in the metformin group, it was 11.93 ± 4.64 (P = .16). Compared to the beginning of the study, the MASI scores were significantly decreased in both groups of placebo (P = .00) and metformin (P = .00) one month after the end of the study; nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was observed between the MASI Scores of two groups in any of the study periods (P > .05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that metformin cream significantly declines the patients’ MASI score and does not have any effect on patients’ laboratory markers. Of course, no significant difference was observed between the MASI scores of the patients receiving metformin and the placebo group; however, the MASI score decrease trend continued until the 12th week; while in the placebo group, no significant decrease was seen after eight weeks.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LATIHAN AEROBIK TERHADAP FORCED VITAL CAPACITY (FVC)PRIA DEWASA DENGANOVERWEIGHT

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Florencia Sagay ◽  
Hedison Polii ◽  
Herlina I. S. Wungouw
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Abstract: Changes to respiratory function due to regular aerobic exercise will affect the value of pulmonary function, especially in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). This research aimed to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on FVC overweight male students of Unsrat Medical Faculty. This research is analytic with design experimental, one group pre and post test design. The sampling technique used is non-purposive sampling technique. The research sample was taken from the students of the Faculty of Medicine 2009, Univercity of Sam Ratulangi who fulfill the inclusion criteria. Some 32 students were selected as research subjects. After giving informed consent, FVC measurement was done with the spirometer. After it was measured, they were given treatmen in the form aerobic exercise using a stationary bike for three weeks with frequency of exercise three times a week and exercise intensity for 30 minutes. We measured again FVC values after the exercise three times program. Normality test data showed significance for FVC value before treatment by 0.752, and after treatment by 0.912. Comparison of the average value before and after exercise were tested by using a paired test. Significant value for FVC is P = 0.084, means there is no significant difference between FVC values before and after exercise (P> 0.05). The mean FVC was 3.88 before treatment and after treatment the mean value was 4.00, an increase in the average value of 0.11. Conclusion:Aerobic Exercise on a regular basis using a stationary bike on the overweight male student can improve lung function in particular the mean FVC but there was no significant difference from the mean value. Keywords: FVC, Aerobic Exercise, Overweight.   Abstrak: Perubahan fungsi pernapasan karena latihan aerobik secara teratur akan mempengaruhi nilai fungsi paru khususnya Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan aerobik terhadap FVC mahasiswa pria Fakultas Kedokteran Unsrat dengan berat badan lebih.Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan rancangan eksperimental one grup pre and post test design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik non purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian diambil dari Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Angkatan 2009.Sejumlah 32 orang mahasiswa terpilih sebagai subjek penelitian dan dilakukan pengukuran FVC dengan Spirometer.Setelah itu diberikan perlakuan berupa latihan aerobik menggunakan sepeda statis selama tiga minggu dengan frekuensi latihan tiga kali seminggu dan intensitas latihan selama 30 menit.Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran kembali nilai FVC sesudah program latihan.Uji normalitas data menunjukkan nilai signifikansi untuk FVC sebelum perlakuan sebesar 0.752, dan sesudah perlakuan sebesar 0.912. Perbandingan nilai rata  rata  sebelum dan sesudah latihan diuji dengan menggunakan uji t berpasangan.Nilai signifikan untuk FVC adalah P = 0.084, berarti tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara nilai FVC sebelum dan sesudah latihan (P > 0.05) .Nilai rerata FVC sebelum pelakuan adalah 3,88  dan nilai rerata sesudah perlakuan adalah  4,00,  terjadi penigkatan nilai rerata sebesar 0,11.Simpulan:Latihan Aerobik menggunakan sepeda statis secara teratur dapat meningkatkan nilai rerata fungsi paru khususnya FVC tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dari nilai rerata tersebut. Kata Kunci: FVC, Latihan Aerobik, Berat Badan Lebih (Overweight).

Comparison of bupivacaine plus intrathecal fentanyl and bupivacaine alone for spinal anesthesia with intravenous dexmedetomidine sedation: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Kyung Park ◽  
Joon Hee Lee ◽  
Seokha Yoo ◽  
Won Ho Kim ◽  
Young-Jin Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Group B

Background and objectivesFentanyl is widely used as an intrathecal adjuvant to local anesthetics to enhance the duration of spinal anesthesia. Recent evidence suggests that intravenous dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of spinal anesthesia. This noninferiority study evaluated whether bupivacaine alone could provide a noninferior duration of block compared with bupivacaine and fentanyl when intravenous dexmedetomidine was administered intraoperatively.MethodsFifty-six patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated to receive either bupivacaine 13 mg with intrathecal fentanyl 20 µg (Group BF) or bupivacaine 13 mg (Group B). Both groups underwent intravenous dexmedetomidine sedation throughout the surgery (1 µg kg–1 for 10 min, followed by 0.5 µg kg–1 h–1). The primary outcome was the time to two-segment regression of the sensory block. The noninferiority margin for the mean difference was predefined as −10 min. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain scores, analgesics consumptions, and the incidences of pruritus, nausea, and vomiting.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the two-segment regression time of sensory block (Group B 109.1±25.0 min vs Group BF 104.3±25.9 min; p=0.484). The mean difference in the two-segment regression time between the 2 groups was 4.8 min (95 % CI −8.9 to 18.6), demonstrating the noninferiority of bupivacaine alone. Secondary outcomes showed no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionsThe duration of spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine alone is noninferior to that of bupivacaine plus fentanyl in patients receiving intravenous dexmedetomidine intraoperatively. Our results suggest that intrathecal fentanyl may not be required when intravenous dexmedetomidine is administered.Trial registration numberNCT03105115.

scholarly journals Incident of Mucositis and The Factors that Influence it on Children with Cancer Who Received Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Sri Hendrawati ◽  
Ikeu Nurhidayah ◽  
Henny Suzana Mediani ◽  
Ai Mardhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Chemotherapy shows high effectiveness, but also has side effects, including mucositis. Mucositis can cause pain, difficulty sleeping, eating disorders, mood, and activity, which has implications for the quality of life of children. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of mucositis and the factors that influence the incidence of mucositis in cancerous children receiving chemotherapy treatment. This research method is descriptive correlational analysis with cross sectional design. Consecutive sampling technique was used to establish respondents as research samples so as to get 60 respondents. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi square test and 2 mean difference test to see differences in the mean values of mucositis before and after chemotherapy. The results showed that almost all cancer children who received chemotherapy had 53 people (88.3%) and a small portion, 7 people (11.7%) had no mucositis. There was a significant difference in the mean value (p = 0,000) between before and after chemotherapy with an increase in the average mucositis value of 3.12. The research shows that there is a significant relationship (p <0.05) between previous mucositis experience (p = 0,000), type of cancer (p = 0.025), type of chemotherapy (p = 0.010), and duration of therapy (p = 0.027) and the incidence of mucositis. Meanwhile nutritional status was not related to the incidence of mucositis (p = 0.077). Nurses, as health workers who most often contact with patients, should be able to improve nursing care in cancer children who get chemotherapy in minimizing the occurrence of mucositis by conducting routine mucositis and oral care assessments.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FRUIT DECOCTION OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA ON URIC ACID LEVELS IN ELDERLY

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-527
Author(s):  
Rostime Hermayerni Simanullang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Sumatra

Background: The incidence of gout is rising both in the developed and developing countries not only in the elderly but also in young adults. Thus, the effort to reduce its incidence is necessary.Objective: To determine the effect of fruit decoction of phaleria macrocarpha on the levels of uric acid in the elderly.Methods: This was a pre-experimental study with pretest and posttetst design. This study was conducted at Sei Semayang Village North Sumatra from April to May 2017. There were 10 elderly selected using purposive sampling. Urid acid levels were measured using monitoring system of Easy Touch GCU. Independent t-test were used for data analysis.Results: Findings of this study showed that there was a significant difference in the mean value of the levels of uric acid before and after given fruit decoction of phaleria macrocarpa (p=0.004).Conclusion: There was a significant effect of fruit decoction of phaleria macrocarpa to decrease the level of uric acid in elderly. It is suggested that fruit decoctions of phaleria macrocarpa can be one of alternative therapies to prevent the increase of uric acid.

scholarly journals An evaluation of hyperbaric ropivacaine with magnesium as an adjuvant in lower abdominal surgeries among the north Indian subjects: a double-blind randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3468
Author(s):  
Sulekha Saxena ◽  
Kuljit Kumar ◽  
Rajni Gupta ◽  
Avinash Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Background: An evaluation of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine without adjuvant and with adjuvant magnesium for lower abdominal surgeries.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted among the patients aged 18 to 60 years planned for lower abdomen surgeries under spinal anaesthesia and ASA grade I or II. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups (30 in each): ropivacaine Group (R group): spinal anesthesia with 3ml of 0.6% hyperbaric ropivacaine (18mg )+ 0.5ml NS. hyperbaric ropivacaine + Magnesium Group (R+M group ):   spinal anesthesia with 3ml of 0.6% hyperbaric ropivacaine (18mg) + 0.5ml magnesium sulphate (50 mg).  All the patients scheduled for operation were given oral tablets ranitidine 150 mg and Alprazolam 0.25mg in the night before surgery.Results: There was no significant difference in the basic characteristics between the groups. The mean HR, MAP and SpO2 in both the groups decreased over the periods as compared to baseline. However, the trend of HR over the periods remains similar in both R and R+M groups. The bromage levels were significantly (p=0.0001) higher among the patients of Group R compared with R+M.  The 2 segment sensory regression (min), Sensory regression S2 (hr), motor recovery (hrs) and long term mobilization after spinal anesthesia were significantly (p=0.0001) lower among the patients of Group R compared with R+M. The complications were lower in Group R+M than R.Conclusions: Magnesium may be more suitable drug in surgeries in which muscle relaxation has greater value in lower abdominal surgeries.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PENGETAHUAN BAGI IBU-IBU PKK KELURAHAN PENGGARON LOR TENTANG PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN PISANG SEBAGAI MEDIA MENJAGA KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yayun Siti Rochmah ◽  
Minidian Fasitasari
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Village

Background: Banana counted as nearly perfect food since it contains six nutrients : water , sugar , proteins , fats , vitamins , and minerals . Because of that , bananas are often used as a staple food for most people because of its nutritional value. However, sometimes people do not realize the benefits of bananas as a whole , from leaves , fruits , flowers and stems of the bananas . Penggaron Lor society , still minimal in using the banana plant . Usually the community will sell fruit and leaves to the market , so that the results obtained from the banana plant community less than optimal. Method : This study is an observational analytic study . The research was done in the Village of Penggaron Lor Semarang , and was conducted in March-June 2014. The instrument in this research was primary data obtained directly from respondents through interviews using questionnaires distributed before and after counseling . To determine whether there are differences in knowledge before and after counseling on the benefits of banana plants as a medium for maintaining oral hygiene, statistical test Wilcoxon Sign Ranks test was conducted, and processed with SPSS. Result: The results of SPSS calculation because the data is not normal ( p value < 0.05), then the data was processed using the non-parametric test for two sample pairs , ie Wilcoxon Sign Ranks test , and obtained p value of 0.008 . This means that there was a significant difference between the mean value of the pre-test and post-test. Conclusion : there are differences in knowledge before and after counseling , counseling means that a significant impact on respondents' knowledge of the benefits of banana plants for maintain oral health.

scholarly journals The effects of a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation on the cardio-respiratory system of well-trained rowing athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Suszter ◽  
Zs. Szakály ◽  
F. Ihász ◽  
D. Nagy ◽  
Z. Alföldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
Intensive Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Therapy Intervention

AbstractPurposeIntensive exercise significantly lowers the pH of muscle and blood; beta-alanine supplementation can increase carnosine levels, the absence of which leads to an early acidosis and fatigue. The aim of our work is to investigate the effect of a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation on well-trained rowing athletes.Materials/MethodsThe spiroergometric parameters of the participants (n = 28) were examined a total of four times (T1,T2,T3,T4). After measurement (T3), participants received a beta-alanine supplementation at a dose of 50 mg/kg−1 body weight. We compared the results of the four measurements as well as the blood lactate values obtained from the fingertip before and after the tests.ResultsThe different load physiological parameters and the lactate values measured after the tests did not show any significant difference. The mean lactate value prior to test (T4) was 1.8 (mmol*L−1), which is significantly higher than the mean-value of the two previous studies: T1 = 1.6 (mmol*L−1); (P = 0.00), T3 = 1.55 (mmol*L−1); (P = 0.04).ConclusionsThe higher lactate value measured before test (T4) was probably due to the longer time to return to the baseline values after the series load. In conclusion, a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation has no effect on performance. In order to elicit the ergogenic effect of beta-alanine, the use of short, intermittent diet therapy intervention is not recommended.

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