scholarly journals The Effect of Cellulose Acetate in the Inhibition of Bacteria: an Alternative for Antimicrobial Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Ileana Nichita ◽  
Lavinia Lupa ◽  
Radu Valentin Gros ◽  
Aurelia Visa ◽  
Adriana Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ft Ir

Cellulose acetate (CA) is one of the most important esters of cellulose and it was analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX spectra. The FT-IR spectrum presented both the C=O and C�O stretching bands for acetyl groups. The EDX spectrum confirms the presence of C and O elements. The SEM image presented a spongy structure that is important for many applications. The antimicrobial properties of cellulose acetate solutions in acetic acid were determined in tests on two gram-negative species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa - ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli - ATCC 25822), two gram-positive species (Staphylococus aureus - ATCC 29213 and Streptococcus pyogenes - ATCC 19615) and yeast species (Candida albicans - ATCC 10231). We have shown that samples of cellulose acetate solutions in acetic acid can be used to fight microbial and fungal infections. Of the gram-positive species tested, the strongest antimicrobial effect was observed against S. aureus. The diameter of inhibition zones of cellulose acetate solutions in acetic acid (P1 and P2) for S. aureus far exceeded inhibition zone both of reference substance (gentamicin) and of acetic acid solutions (M1 and M2), given values between 3.15 cm (P1) and 3.55 cm (P2). Also, the results suggested that the studied solutions (P1 and P2) had an antimicrobial effect pronounced for gram-negative species as P. aeruginosa, in which the P1 sample gave an inhibition zone of 2.95 cm, and the P2 sample achieved an inhibition of 3.15 cm. So, the antimicrobial activity of cellulose acetate solutions tested in vitro had a good antimicrobial effect, proportional to the concentration of the active substance.

scholarly journals Epilobi Hirsuti Herba Extracts Influence the In Vitro Activity of Common Antibiotics on Standard Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Pirvu ◽  
Isabela Nicorescu ◽  
Cristina Hlevca ◽  
Bujor Albu ◽  
Valentin Nicorescu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Effective Source

AbstractEpilobium genus has been confirmed as an effective source of natural antimicrobials. However, the influence of Epilobi hirsuti herba derived products on usual antibiotics activity has not been studied. In this study, several standardized Epilobi hirsuti herba extracts (EHE) were evaluated in order to asses their potential effects on usual antibiotics tested on standard Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains in vitro. The results emphasized that the bacterial strains ranged from sensitive (MIC values between 50–200 μg GAE mL-1) (S. epidermidis ATCC 12228) to very resistant (E. coli strains), E. faecalis ATCC 29212 being practically immune to EHE. In terms of synergistic interaction, Tetracycline and Ampicillin combinations lead to the most important stimulatory effects, the diameters of the inhibition zone being even 60% bigger compared to the antibiotic alone. Synergistic effects between myricetin(galloyl) derivates and Tetracycline were also revealed on P. aeruginosa and E. coli strains. Together, it clearly demonstrated not only EHE’s own antimicrobial properties, but also their capacity to influence the antimicrobial potency of some common antibiotics. These results could be useful for the area of herbal medicines and as potential candidates in managing microbial resistance, but also for physicians and pharmacists using combined antibacterial therapy.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Floral Petals of Some Angiosperms

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rajanna ◽  
N. Santhosh Kumar ◽  
N. S. Suresha ◽  
S. Lavanya
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Assay

The in vitro antibacterial assay was carried out against both Gram positive (B. cerus and S. aureus) and Gram negative (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) bacteria. Floral petals of 20 different species of plants were collected and tested for antibacterial activity. The result showed that the petals were active against both Gram positive and Gram negative. Out of 20 floral petals tested, 19 floral petals exhibited antibacterial activity against selected bacterial strains. The minimal inhibitory zone of floral petal discs against human pathogenic bacteria varies from 2 – 6 mm. Rosa carolina and Ruellia tuberosa showed significance inhibition zone for all the bacterial strains while Lantana camara does not show inhibition zone for any of these pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of New Indole-Based Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-2015
Author(s):  
Ahmed T. Sulaiman ◽  
Susan W. Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ft Ir

A new series of N-acyl hydrazones (4a-g) derived from indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) were synthesized. These N-acyl hydrazones were prepared by the reaction of 3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propane hydrazide and aldehyde in the existence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. 1HNMR and FT-IR analyses were used to identify the synthesized compounds and they were in vitro evaluated as antibacterial agents against six different types of microorganisms by using well diffusion method. All the tested N-acyl hydrazones (4a-g) displayed moderate activity against the Gram-negative E.coli, comparable to that of Amoxicillin. Some of the tested N-acyl hydrazones also exhibited intermediate activity against some of the examined Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While no activity was exhibited by any of the examined compounds against the Gram-positive S. aureus.

scholarly journals Investigation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) for the Resistance of Pyricularia oryzae Fungus against Rice Blast

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
The Pham ◽  
Thi Nguyen ◽  
Thuan Thi ◽  
Thanh-Truc Nguyen ◽  
Tien Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

In this study, chitosan nanoparticles were used as a carrier for Protocatechuic acid (PCA) to resist Pyricularia oryzae against rice blast. The final compound was characterized using zeta potentials for its surface electricity, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted for functional groups and for particle sizes and shape, respectively. The zeta potential results showed that loading PCA causes chitosan nanoparticle (CSNP) to decrease in surface electrons. The TEM images revealed that the particle size of chitosan (CS), although increasing in size when carrying PCA molecules, showed sufficient size for reasonable penetration into fungal cells. The FT-IR analysis showed that all functional group in CSNP carried PCA matched with previous studies. The antifungal test showed that diameters of inhibition zone of CS increases significantly after loading PCA, exhibiting the strongest antimicrobial effect on the Pyricularia oryzae fungus compared with weaker effects exhibited by CSNP alone or PCA. Our results suggested that CSNP loaded with PCA could be a potential compound for eradication of Pyricularia oryzae and that further testing on in vitro rice plants is recommended to reaffirm this possibility.

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Activity and Effect on Biofilm Production of a White Grape Juice (Vitis vinifera) Extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Filocamo ◽  
Carlo Bisignano ◽  
Giuseppina Mandalari ◽  
Michele Navarra
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a white grape juice extract (WGJe) against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and the fungusAspergillus niger. WGJe was also tested on the production of bacterial biofilmsin vitro.Results. WGJe inhibitedin vitromost Gram-positive bacteria tested,Staphylococcus aureusATCC 6538P being the most sensitive strain (MIC values of 3.9 μg/mL). The effect was bactericidal at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. Amongst the Gram-negative bacteria,Escherichia coliwas the only susceptible strain (MIC and MBC of 2000 μg/mL). No effect on the growth ofCandidasp. and the fungusAspergillus nigerwas detected (MIC values > 2000 μg/mL). WGJe inhibited the biofilms formation ofE. coliandPseudomonas aeruginosawith a dose-dependent effect.Conclusions. WGJe exerted both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activityin vitro. The presented results could be used to develop novel strategies for the treatment of skin infections and against potential respiratory pathogens.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Activity Evaluation of New N- Substituted Phthalimide Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Halah A. Sahib ◽  
Mohammed H. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Phenylalanine Methyl Ester

A A new series of bases of Schiff (H2-H4) derived from phthalic anhydrideweresynthesized. These Schiff bases were prepared by the reaction of different amines (tyrosine methyl ester, phenylalanine methyl ester, and isoniazid) with the phthalimide derived aldehyde with the aid of glacial acetic acid or triethylamine ascatalysts. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by (FT-IR and 1HNMR) analyses and were in vitro evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against six various kinds of microorganisms. All the synthesized compounds had been screened for their antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria “Staph. Aureus, and Bacillus subtilis”, two Gram-negative bacteria “Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae”, and two fungi species “Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans” using concentrations of 62.5, 125 and 250 µg\mLof derivative in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO). All the synthesized compounds showed no activity at all against Gram-positive bacteria, for Gram-negative bacteria and fungi they showed moderate or no activity except compound H1revealedhigh antifungal activityagainstCandida tropicalisat concentrations 125 and 250 µg\ mL. Keywords: Schiff base, phthalic anhydride, antimicrobial.  

scholarly journals Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Areca catechu Nut Extracts using Different Extracting Solvents

2016 ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Arifur Rahman ◽  
Papeya Sultana ◽  
M Sahidul Islam ◽  
M Toslim Mahmud ◽  
M Mamun Or Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Areca Catechu

Scientists from different sectors are investigating plants for their antimicrobial usefulness. Studies have found thousands of plants which have inhibitory effects on a range of microorganisms in vitro. Surprisingly, only around 10% of all the plants have been investigated in this purpose. The antimicrobial properties of Areca catechu nut extract has been reported earlier. In our study, we have observed and compared the antibacterial activity among n-hexane, ethanol and water extract of A. catechu nut. We found antimicrobial effect only from ethanol and water extract. On the contrary, there was no antibacterial effect observed from n-hexane extract. Furthermore, the extracts are effective only against gram positive bacteria. The ethanol extract concentration from 0.188-0.377 mg/ml was the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for gram positive bacteria used in our study. While, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were 0.377-0.753 mg/ml for this group of microorganisms. On the other hand, in case of water extract the MIC and MBC were 0.047-1.56 and 0.094-3.125 mg/ml respectively for Gram-positive organisms. This study suggest that A. catechu nut extract can be a potential source for developing antibacterial agents against Gram-positive bacteria which are commonly found on human oral cavity and responsible for dental caries.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 31, Number 1-2,June-Dec 2014, pp 19-23

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Colloidal Silver against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Vila Domínguez ◽  
Rafael Ayerbe Algaba ◽  
Andrea Miró Canturri ◽  
Ángel Rodríguez Villodres ◽  
Younes Smani
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Kill Curve

Due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, new alternative therapies are needed. Silver was used to treat bacterial infections since antiquity due to its known antimicrobial properties. Here, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of colloidal silver (CS) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. A total of 270 strains (Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 45), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 25), Escherichia coli (n = 79), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 58)], Staphylococcus aureus (n = 34), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 14), and Enterococcus species (n = 15)) were used. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CS was determined for all strains by using microdilution assay, and time–kill curve assays of representative reference and MDR strains of these bacteria were performed. Membrane permeation and bacterial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined in presence of CS. CS MIC90 was 4–8 mg/L for all strains. CS was bactericidal, during 24 h, at 1× and 2× MIC against Gram-negative bacteria, and at 2× MIC against Gram-positive bacteria, and it did not affect their membrane permeabilization. Furthermore, we found that CS significantly increased the ROS production in Gram-negative with respect to Gram-positive bacteria at 24 h of incubation. Altogether, these results suggest that CS could be an effective treatment for infections caused by MDR Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oils and Extracts of Six Herbals Against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Amin ◽  
Sousan Akrami ◽  
Farkhondeh Haghparasty ◽  
Atiyeh Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background: Today, due to the increasing use of chemical drugs and the spread of microbial resistance to synthetic antibiotics, as well as side effects of drugs, the identification and introduction of plant species with medicinal and antimicrobial properties is very important. In this study, the antimicrobial properties of essential oils and extracts of 6 medicinal plants from Ahvaz region, Iran against 12 Gram-positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria were evaluated. Methods: The EOs and extracts were extracted using water distillation with Clevenger apparatus. The antimicrobial properties and determination of the minimum concentration of growth inhibition of herbals were investigated by the modified E-test method. Results: All analyzed extracts and EOs showed antibacterial effects. The antimicrobial activity of Oliveria decumbens was strongest herbals with the least MIC ranges (0.008-0.1 mg/ml for EO, 0.9-20 mg/ml for extract), while the antibacterial effects of Artemisia vulgaris extract and Glycyrrhiza glabra EO with the highest MIC were weaker than the others. According to the effectiveness of plant extracts on bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to all extracts except Oliveria decumbens. In contrast, Bacillus cereus was more sensitive than other strains against analyzed EOs and extracts.Conclusions: It seems that due to the antimicrobial properties of the extracts and essential oils observed in this study, they can be used as an alternative to antimicrobial drugs after more extensive studies.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effect of Malaysian Honey on Some Human Pathogens: an in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassanain AT ◽  
Alyaa AK ◽  
Karim AJ
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Broth Dilution

Introduction: Honey has potent bactericidal activity against many pathogenic organisms, including various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of Malaysian honey against different species of human pathogens using optimized honey broth media. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity of honey against standard strains of Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria and yeast was tested in vitro by the broth dilution method using 10%-100% w/v concentrations prepared in tryptic soy broth. Results: Streptococcus pyogenes was the most sensitive pathogen, it was completely inhibited by 30% honey broth medium. The most resistant were E. faecalis, S. aureus and MRSA, but they were all completely inhibited by 80% honey broth medium. Conclusion: Honey is shown to possess antimicrobial activity against human Gram-positive and negative medically important bacteria.

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