scholarly journals Energy-Saving Method For Growing Root Chicory With Combined Row Space

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Chicory Root ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Root Crops

Obtaining a high yield of root chicory is determined by the optimal density of plants and their uniform distribution on the field, in this regard, the study of the method of growing root chicory is an important research area in modern agricultural science and is the study goal. Phenological observations, biometric studies were carried out according to the methods of Mosesychenko, M. F. Trifonova, A. Kh Zaviryukha. The material of the investigations was the soil of the experimental field – podzolic chernozem , medium loamy in forest-like loam. Root chicory plants were used as objects of research. The studies were conducted at the experimental field of the Khmelnitsky State Agricultural Experimental Stations of the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS during 2010–2014. The proposed energy-saving method for growing chicory root crops with a combined row spacing provides yield increase of chicory root crops, due to the fact that the placement of sowing after optimal predecessors, the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers, sowing according to the established scheme by alternating the main and technological row spacing is carried out in accordance with the width of the sowing unit, which provides the optimal nutritional area of each plant close to the square with the corresponding sheniem parties established by a formula taking into account the need to make optimum density of plants per unit area (hectare) at the beginning of the collection, thus improving the productivity of root crops to 5-6 tons per hectare; mechanized crop care with a combined row spacing according to the established rational scheme of movement of the undercarriage of the unit along the main and technological row spacing allowed to reduce damage to plants by the energy tool undercarriage and increase the productivity of the unit by 15-20%; harvesting tops and root crops in a continuous way with a rational grip width of harvesting aggregates with a combined row spacing allowed to reduce losses of root crops by 1.5-2.0 times. The technological result consists in the fact that sowing, mechanized care of crops and harvesting is carried out by sending the running gear of energy resources along the technological, “M” aisles, and the machine wheels along the main “m” aisles.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR HARVESTING HAULM ROOT CROPS AND DESIGNS OF HARVEST MODULES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (38) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
E. Berezhenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Technological Efficiency ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Working Bodies

Improving the technological efficiency of the machines for harvesting root crops by reducing the energy costs of the process of harvesting the main array of hills is an urgent task. The solution to this problem is possible through the development of new energy-saving methods of assembly of the main array of hills and improved designs of hock-harvesting modules. The article provides an analysis of the methods of harvesting hogs and working bodies of harvesting modules. On the basis of the analysis, an energy-saving method of assembling the main array of the ridge and a scheme of an improved jerking module are proposed.Key words: rotary cutter, auger, guide channel, dividing disk, laying of a twig, row spacing of root crops.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF VARIETIES AND LINES OF WINTER WHEAT ACCORDING TO ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE SIGNS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Ирина Фадеева ◽  
Irina Fadeeva ◽  
Марсель Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Ильяс Газизов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Pure Steam

Seventeen varieties and lines of winter soft wheat of Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture selection were evaluated in comparison with varieties of other breeding centers in the conditions of the northern regions of Volga region in 2016-2018. The purpose of the research is to identify source varieties of stably high yield and technological quality of grain. The soil is gray forest, the predecessor is pure steam. Mineral fertilizers were applied based on the planned productivity of 6.0 tons per hectare. The plot area is 10 m2. The placement is randomized. Replication is 4-fold. The two-factor experiment: factor A - varieties, factor B - years of research. The average productivity of varieties varied from 4.01 to 5.23 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase over the standard Kazanskaya 560 variety was obtained from Gostianum 2186 line (24.1%) with a variability of 6.1%. The lowest values of the variation coefficient in yield (1.2%) were obtained from Erythrospermum 2200 variety, which forms the grain productivity at the standard level. In contrasting weather conditions, during the years of study, the interaction “genotype × environment” had a significant effect on yield (31.8%). Large-grain varieties were identified - Nadezhda (46.1 grams) and Lutestsens 2164 (45.7 grams) with a slight variation in the trait (0.9% and 7.9%, respectively) by year. Grain with a high natural weight from 788 g/l (Skipetr) to 830 g/l (Universiada) was obtained with a slight variation of this indicator (from 0.3% to 2.3%). Such varieties, as Kazanskaya 560, Nadezhda, Darina, Sultan, Gostianum 2196, Erythrospermum 2197, Gostianum 2199, Erythrospermum 2200 in terms of “mass fraction of protein” can be classified as valuable wheat, and Moscow variety 39 - as strong. It was established, that grain quality indicators are more genetically determined: varietal differences determined the formation of gluten quality to 65.1%; mass of 1000 grains to 52.1%; the full weight of the grain to 38.4%; mass fraction of protein in grain to 49.4%; the mass fraction of gluten in the grain to 48.1%.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of bio-stimulant and growth retardant improved the productivity of cotton cultivars under different planting arrangement

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arif ◽  
N. Hussain ◽  
A. Yasmeen ◽  
S. Naz ◽  
A. Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Growth Promoter

Abstract Optimum planting arrangement is an important attribute for efficient utilization of available resources and to obtain high yield of cotton. Application of plant growth promoter and retardant on cotton in improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. Therefore, we planned a field study to assess the role of bio-stimulant and growth retardant in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars planted under variable row spacing at Agronomic Research Area Bahauddin Zakariya University and Usmania Agricultural Farm Shujabad during Kharif 2012. Experimental treatments consisted of cotton genotypes viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) with foliar spray of bio-stimulant (moringa leaf extract) and growth retardant (mepiquate chloride), either sole or in combination, keeping distilled water as a control. Exogenously applied MLE alone and MLE + MC significantly enhanced the number of squares, flowers and green bolls per plant leading to higher cotton seed and lint yield of CIM 598 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. While application of MC alone and MLE + MC produced maximum micronaire value, fiber strength and fiber uniformity ratio of CIM 573 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. The results suggested that application of MLE is a possible approach to enhance the cotton productivity and the use of MC to enhance the fiber quality attributes under conventional row spacing.

scholarly journals Assessment of the safety of chicory root crops during winter storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
I. A. Novikova ◽  
I. V. Smirnova ◽  
O. M. Vyutnova ◽  
E. A. Evseeva ◽  
T. Yu. Polyanina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Chicory Root ◽  
Main Requirement ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Seed Growing

Relevance and methods. For the production of chicory seeds, care must be taken not only to obtain a high-grade source material, i.e. varietal seeds and masterbatch root crops, but also to store the resulting root crops in winter with minimal losses. The main requirement for growing mother chicory root crops is the placement of crops on fertile soils that are clean of weeds. Installed. That on podzolized loams the best dose of mineral fertilizers for this crop is N45P120K60, where an increased dose of superphosphate increases the yield and rootability of Queen cells, increases seed productivity for the second year. Materials and methods. The purpose of this work is to analyze the safety of root crops of chicory root and the degree of their damage by root rot during winter storage in plastic bags in burts. The purpose of the study is to identify the best way to store the mother chicory root crops and the effect of reproduction on the rootability of root crops in winter. Questions of storage of the mother material of root chicory were studied in the laboratory of selection and seed production on the example of the Petrovsky variety in 2017-2019. The material for research was the families of chicory of the Petrovsky variety in the control and elite nursery. Results. The obtained data show that when evaluating and selecting families for the purpose of obtaining highly productive seed material, the safety of root crops in long-term winter storage should be taken into account. If its values are low, the entire family should be completely excluded from the process of primary seed production. In selection and seed-growing work, a mandatory component of the assessment should be the safety of root crops during long-term winter storage.

Диагностика минерального питания моркови на пойменных почвах Нечерноземной зоны

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
I.Yu. Vasjuchkov ◽  
A.A. Kolomiets ◽  
O.N. Uspenskaya ◽  
A.V. Kornev
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Floodplain Soils ◽  
Standard Production ◽  
A Share

Установлено, что на пойменных почвах использование методов диагностики минерального питания растений моркови «по почве» и «по черешку» в фазу начала образования корнеплодов позволяет значительно (на 36–42%) снизить расход минеральных удобрений, обеспечивая урожайность моркови на уровне 70 т/га с долей стандартной продукции 78–81% без существенного изменения качества корнеплодов.It was found that in floodplain soils, the use of methods of diagnosis of mineral nutrition of carrot plants «on the soil» and «on the petiole» in the phase of the beginning of the formation of root crops can significantly (by 36–42%) reduce the consumption of mineral fertilizers, ensuring the yield of carrots at the level of 70 t/ha with a share of standard production of 78–81% without significantly changing the quality of root crops.

scholarly journals Individual and Combined Effects of Planting Date, Seeding Rate, Relative Maturity, and Row Spacing on Soybean Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Peder K. Schmitz ◽  
Hans J. Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Planting date (PD), seeding rate (SR), relative maturity (RM) of cultivars, and row spacing (RS) are primary management factors affecting soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield. The individual and synergistic effects of PD, SR, RM, and RS on seed yield and agronomic characteristics in North Dakota were herein investigated. Early and late PD, early and late RM cultivars, two SR (408,000 and 457,000 seed ha−1), and two RS (30.5 and 61 cm) were evaluated in four total environments in 2019 and 2020. Maximizing green canopy cover prior to the beginning of flowering improved seed yield. Individual factors of early PD and narrow RS resulted in yield increase of 311 and 266 kg ha−1, respectively. The combined factors of early PD, late RM, high SR, and narrow RS improved yield by 26% and provided a $350 ha−1 partial profit over conventional practices. Canopy cover and yield had relatively weak relationships with r2 of 0.36, 0.23, 0.14, and 0.21 at the two trifoliolate, four trifoliolate, beginning of flowering, and beginning of pod formation soybean growth stages, respectively. Producers in the most northern soybean region of the USA should combine early planting, optimum RM cultivars, 457,000 seed ha−1 SR, and 31 cm RS to improve yield and profit compared to current management practices.

scholarly journals Agroecological optimization of the technology for growing spring barley in the Penza region using the DSS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Program Modules

Abstract The article presents the results of modeling the cultivation of barley on leached chernozems of the Penza region. In order to conduct modeling, the Decision Support System (DSS) for agroecological optimization of adaptive farming systems was modernized. The adaptation of the program modules to the climatic and soil conditions of a particular research area allowed us to reach 7% of the error when modeling the cultivation of agricultural crops in the presence of a complete set of indicators necessary for building the model. Technological calculations of the model made it possible to reduce the number of minimum necessary technological operations, as well as rationally distribute the application of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield. The economic calculations of the model allowed us to achieve a high profitability of production of 66±7%. The constructed model was tested at the experimental field in 2020. Practical verification showed the possibility of using the model in agricultural production under normal climatic conditions and its high correlation with the actual results obtained. Statistical analysis of the calculated data of the model and the actual yield with the achieved economic indicators in the conditions of the model field showed the level of reliability of calculations of 95%. Keywords: AGROECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION, AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, AGROECOLOGICAL MODELING

scholarly journals Fertilizer circulation and nitrogen balance in the agrophytocenosis of sugar beet when acidizing typical chernozem (study with 15n)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
A.S. Avilov ◽  
N.Ya. Shmyreva ◽  
A.A. Zavalin ◽  
O.A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Root Crops

The studies were carried out under the conditions of a microfield experiment on typical chernozem (Belgorod region) with two soils (pH 5.0 and 6.5) with the addition of urea (enriched in 15N, 17.1 at. %) And effluents from a pig-breeding complex (PSC) at doses of 6 and 12 g N/m2 (against the background of phosphate and potash fertilizers, P6K6). The largest amount of nitrogen was consumed by sugar beets with the combined introduction of CCA and urea (25.8 g N/m2). When the soil was acidified to pHsalt 5.0, the consumption of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers decreased by 15-18%, soil ni-trogen – by 21-52%, and waste nitrogen – by 16%. At the same time, the immobilization of nitrogen in the fertilizer decreased by 13-18%, and the loss of gaseous nitrogen compounds increased by 47-108%. The effluent from the pig-breeding complex increased the immobilization of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers (by 38-46%) and reduced gaseous nitrogen losses (by 22-44%). The highest stability and productivity (root crop yield 1654 g/m2, tops yield 239 g/m2) was exhibited by agrophytocenosis on soil with pH 6.5 with the combined application of CCA and urea. When the soil solution was acid-ified to pH 5.0, the yield of beet root crops decreased by 30% and the yield of tops – by 24%. On soil with pH 5.0, fertilizers increased the sugar content in root crops by 0.2-1.3%, on soil with pH 6.5, they decreased by 1.3-2.0%.

scholarly journals The assessment of the influence of the Gumiton organomineral complex on the development of root rot and structural elements of the winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Aleksey Suslov ◽  
Dimitry Sviridenk ◽  
Vasiliy Mamayev ◽  
Irina Sychiova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Organomineral Complex ◽  
Rot Disease

It has been shown that pre-sowing treatment increases field germination by 5.5%, and the preservation of plants after overwintering increases by 4.3%. Gumiton strengthened the work of the assimilation apparatus of the flag leaf due to an increase in leaf area by 29.3-49.1% and extended the life of plants. As a part of a tank mixture (Tabu Super, 1.5 l / t + Tertia, 2.5 l t), the drug allowed to reduce the prevalence of the root rot disease to 2.45-1.05% in comparison with the control. The organomineral complex provided the formation of a larger and more leveled grain with a mass of 1000 grains of 47.0-47.5 g, 43.9 g in the control; the grain nature is more than 780 g / dm 3, 751.7 g / dm 3, in the control. The use of Gumiton (seeds + tillering + piping) against the background of N 96 P 96 K 96 provided a high yield increase by 37.8%. To reduce the expenses of foliar fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers, the Gumiton organic-mineral complex should be recommended, since it is an element of greening in intensive technologies of winter wheat cultivation.

A New Model for Energy-Saving in Cast Irons Production Introduced Technology Contribution

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2420-2423
Author(s):  
Dan Huang ◽  
Wu Zhao ◽  
Wei Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
New Model ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Lost Foam

A new model for energy-saving in cast irons production introduced technology contribution has been developed. According to the analysis model, in case of keeping same energy efficiency of device, the higher technological level increases, the easier the R increases; even if keep the same melting and heat treatment devices, significant reduction of production energy consumption would be implemented just depending on the production yield increase. A case study results show that technology measurements which has no direct effect on energy consumption play an important role in energy conservation, where the contribution rates of lost-foam casting and computer technology are 20% and 17%. The technological measurements play an important role in cast irons production which cannot be ignored.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document