scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics and factors associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis in Marsabit County, Northern Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diba Dulacha ◽  
Stephen Mwatha ◽  
Peter Lomurukai ◽  
Maurice Omondi Owiny ◽  
Wycliffe Matini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Northern Kenya ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Factors associated with human visceral leishmaniasis cases during urban epidemics in Brazil: a systematic review

Parasitology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cleya da Silva Santana Cruz ◽  
David Soeiro Barbosa ◽  
Vinícius Cunha Oliveira ◽  
Diogo Tavares Cardoso ◽  
Nathália Sernizon Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The North ◽  
Unified Health System

Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in 70 countries and has been reported in 12 countries of Latin America, with over 90% of the cases reported in Brazil, where epidemics have occurred since 1980. The objective of this review is to describe the factors associated with the occurrence of VL epidemics in humans in urban areas. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. The databases PubMed (by Medline), Cochrane Library, Embase, Amed, LILACS and grey literature [Google Scholar and handsearch of the database of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) of Brazil's Unified Health System] were used. The protocol was registered under PROSPERO (CRD42019128998). Climatic, environmental factors and indicators of urban social structure were described as influencing the outbreaks in the North and Northeast regions. Gender and age characteristics were related to a greater chance of developing VL in the Central-West, Northeast and Southeast regions. Vector indicators showed a positive correlation with the incidence of VL in studies in the Northeast region. In the Southeast and Northeast regions, studies revealed the presence of dogs with positive correlation with VL. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the contribution to the increase in the risk factors described in ecological approaches, as no analysis was performed at the individual level, and it is still necessary to discuss the influence of other associated elements in epidemic episodes in the spread of VL.

scholarly journals Paediatric visceral leishmaniasis: a retrospective study on clinical manifestations, demographic features and laboratory findings of hospitalised cases in Iran between 2006 and 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manijeh Nourian ◽  
Aliehsan Heidari ◽  
Saleheh Tajali ◽  
Erfan Ghasemi ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Neglected Disease ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Features

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease. Our retrospective study describes 38 clinical and epidemiological characteristics of VL in patients admitted to a paediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran, who came from different geographical regions, indicating that the disease has spread to most parts of the country. Some 76.3% of the children documented suffered with symptoms of the disease for two months before admission.

scholarly journals Geographical distribution and epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Bulgaria, 1988 to 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (29) ◽  
pp. 20531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Harizanov ◽  
I Rainova ◽  
N Tzvetkova ◽  
I Kaftandjiev ◽  
I Bikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of children with atopy hospitalised with adenovirus pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Xiao-Hua Han ◽  
Li-Yun Liu ◽  
Hui-Sheng Yao ◽  
Li-Li Yi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Atopy may be associated with disease severity and a poor prognosis of human adenovirus (HAdV) pneumonia in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in children with atopy and HAdV pneumonia in China. Methods Children hospitalised with HAdV pneumonia from June 2018 to December 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into atopic with HAdV, non-atopic with HAdV, and atopic without HAdV infection group. Each group was further divided into the mild and severe pneumonia groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission, and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in children with and without atopy were evaluated. Risk factors associated with small airway lesions in patients with HAdV pneumonia were analysed. Results The eosinophil count in the atopic group was significantly higher than that in the non-atopic group (P < 0.05). Severe coughing, wheezing, and small airway lesions on chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) upon admission, after discharge and 1 month after discharge were significantly higher in the atopic group (with or without HAdV infection) than in the non-atopic group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the number of patients with wheezing and small airway lesions during hospitalisation and after discharge among the three groups (P < 0.05). The risks of small airway lesions in children with a family or personal history of asthma, severe infection, atopy, and HAdV infection were 2.1-, 2.7-, 1.9-, 2.1-, and 1.4-times higher than those in children without these characteristics, respectively. Conclusions Children with atopy and HAdV pneumonia may experience severe coughing in mild cases and wheezing in mild and severe cases. Children with atopy are more susceptible to the development of small airway lesions, recurrent wheezing after discharge and slower recovery of small airway lesions as observed on pulmonary imaging than non-atopic children after HAdV infection. A family or personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and HAdV infection are independent risk factors associated with the development of small airway lesion as observed on chest HRCT.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections in young people and factors associated with HIV coinfection: an observational study in a large city

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e027245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Sentís ◽  
Mario Martin-Sanchez ◽  
Maider Arando ◽  
Martí Vall ◽  
María Jesus Barbera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Large City ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

ObjectivesYoung people are a critical target group for sexually transmitted infections (STI) surveillance due to their particular behavioural and social related vulnerability. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and trends in the incidence of gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV and venereal lymphogranuloma (LGV) among 15–24-year-olds in Barcelona, and to determine factors associated with HIV coinfection.DesignWe performed a population-based incidence study covering the 2007–2015 period.ParticipantsAll new cases of STI—HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV—notified to the epidemiological surveillance system in Barcelona between 2007 and 2015. 1218 cases were studied: 84.6% were men, 19.3% were 15–19 years old and 50.6% were born in Spain. Among men, 73.7% were men who have sex with men (MSM); among women, 85.6% were women that have sex with men.Primary and secondary outcomesIncidence of HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV. HIV coinfection.ResultsThere was an increase in the incidence of gonorrhoea, from 1.9 cases per 10 000 people in 2007 to 7.6/10 000 in 2015 (p<0.01), in MSM from 27.1 to 228.8/10 000 (p<0.01). The incidence of syphilis increased from 0.4/10 000 in 2007 to 3.1/10 000 in 2015 (significant in men only, p<0.01), in MSM from 18.1 to 116.9/10 000 (p<0.01). The incidence of HIV showed a non-significant increase in men (p=0.27), and that of LGV remained stable (p=0.59). Factors associated with increased risk of HIV coinfection included being MSM (adjusted OR[ORa]=14.14, 95% CI 3.34 to 59.91) and having >10 sexual partners (ORa=4.11, 95% CI 1.53 to 11.01) or STI diagnosis during the previous 12 months (ORa=2.06; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.77).ConclusionsThe incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis among 15–24-year-olds increased, while HIV infection remained stable but with a high incidence among MSM. Being MSM, having sex with multiple partners and having a diagnosis of an STI in the previous 12 months were factors associated with HIV coinfection.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raizza Barros Sousa Silva ◽  
Maurina Lima Porto ◽  
Werona de Oliveira Barbosa ◽  
Heitor Cândido de Souza ◽  
Nedja Fernanda dos Santos Pinto Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
The State ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Factors Associated

Prognostic factors associated with death from visceral leishmaniasis: a case-control study in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Almeida Marques da Silva ◽  
Maria Helena Franco Morais ◽  
Helen Maria de Oliveira Ramos Lopes ◽  
Stefanne Aparecida Gonçalves ◽  
Fernanda do Carmo Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic factors associated with death from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) considering the clinical evolution of patients through a case-control study. Methods We randomly selected 180 cases (death caused by VL) and 180 controls (cured) from Belo Horizonte's hospitals in Brazil, according to data found in the patients' medical records. Five models of multivariate logistic regression were performed following the chronological order of the variables between the onset of the symptoms and evolution of the VL cases. Results Considering the multivariate models and the stages of clinical evolution of VL, the prognostic factors associated with death are: age &gt;60 y, minor hemorrhagic phenomena, increased abdominal volume, jaundice, dyspnea, malnutrition, TB, billirubin &gt;2 mg/dL, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) or Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) &gt;100 U/L, leukocytes &gt;7000/mm3, hemoglobin &lt;7 g/dL, platelets &lt;50 000/mm3 and infection without defined focus and bleeding. Conclusions Knowledge regarding the prognostic factors associated with death from VL in different stages of the disease in large Brazilian urban centers such as Belo Horizonte may help optimize patient management strategies and contribute to reduce the high fatality rates in these cities.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with visceral leishmaniasis in dogs in Jaciara, State of Mato Grosso

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Marcidelli Lopes ◽  
Eveline da Cruz Boa Sorte ◽  
Naiani Domingos Gasparetto ◽  
Cenita Maria Oliveira ◽  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Factors Associated

Factors associated with visceral leishmaniasis in Nepal: bed-net use is strongly protective.

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bern ◽  
S N Jha ◽  
M L Das ◽  
A B Joshi ◽  
M B Bista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Net Use

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO Y FACTORES DE RIESGO DE MORTALIDAD EN ADULTOS CON COVID-19: ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO.

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayami Martínez Sosa ◽  
Oswaldo Vásconez Hatt ◽  
Katherine Rosero Arboleda ◽  
Fabian Zurita Alvarado ◽  
Mónica Hernández Lojano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
New Type ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

By the ending of 2019 a new type of coronavirus was identified named SARS-CoV 2, and now known to be the etiological agent of the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Known as coronavirus 2019 disease or (COVID-19) constitutes a challenge for the world in many unknown aspects and problems in public health. In Ecuador the first reported of a confirmed appeared on February 29 2020, and in March 12 an emergency health status is declared. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and factors related to death and survival in patients with COVID-19. Design: The study is of transversal retrospective design, the patients chosen were those seen in the respiratory or suspicious of COVID-19 area of Hospital Vozandes Quito between March 2 and April 30. Demographic data and related risk factors for mortality were obtained using the EPI-1 individual form, epidemiological research files, the VI Epi system and electronic promptuary of patients. Results: 250 patients were obtained for this study, 87 of those were confirmed COVID-19, out those eight died and 79 were alive at the ending of the follow up. Regarding the severity of illness, 61% of the patients were classified as mild and 6 % critical (p =<0.001). Elevated values of CRP (OR 1 IC 95% 1.000 – 1.024), age about 55 years old to diagnosis (OR 42,040 IC 95% 36,320 – 47,760) and the presence of hiporexia (OR 24 IC 95% 1.183 – 504.413) were associated with higher mortality levels amongst COVID-19 positive patients. Conclusions The majority of COVID-19 cases showed no serious manifestations, were treated symptomatically and home isolation. Elevated values of CRP and the presence of hiporexia at the diagnosis are factors consistently with death. Future investigations are required to determine the risk factors associated with worst clinical course and prognosis.

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