scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of children with atopy hospitalised with adenovirus pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Xiao-Hua Han ◽  
Li-Yun Liu ◽  
Hui-Sheng Yao ◽  
Li-Li Yi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Atopy may be associated with disease severity and a poor prognosis of human adenovirus (HAdV) pneumonia in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in children with atopy and HAdV pneumonia in China. Methods Children hospitalised with HAdV pneumonia from June 2018 to December 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into atopic with HAdV, non-atopic with HAdV, and atopic without HAdV infection group. Each group was further divided into the mild and severe pneumonia groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission, and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in children with and without atopy were evaluated. Risk factors associated with small airway lesions in patients with HAdV pneumonia were analysed. Results The eosinophil count in the atopic group was significantly higher than that in the non-atopic group (P < 0.05). Severe coughing, wheezing, and small airway lesions on chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) upon admission, after discharge and 1 month after discharge were significantly higher in the atopic group (with or without HAdV infection) than in the non-atopic group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the number of patients with wheezing and small airway lesions during hospitalisation and after discharge among the three groups (P < 0.05). The risks of small airway lesions in children with a family or personal history of asthma, severe infection, atopy, and HAdV infection were 2.1-, 2.7-, 1.9-, 2.1-, and 1.4-times higher than those in children without these characteristics, respectively. Conclusions Children with atopy and HAdV pneumonia may experience severe coughing in mild cases and wheezing in mild and severe cases. Children with atopy are more susceptible to the development of small airway lesions, recurrent wheezing after discharge and slower recovery of small airway lesions as observed on pulmonary imaging than non-atopic children after HAdV infection. A family or personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and HAdV infection are independent risk factors associated with the development of small airway lesion as observed on chest HRCT.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Atopic Children Hospitalised for Adenovirus Infection: A Single Institutional Study in Shenyang, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Xiao-Hua Han ◽  
Li-Yun Liu ◽  
Hui-Sheng Yao ◽  
Li-Li Yi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Small Airway Disease ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiological Changes

Abstract Background: Atopy may be associated with the severity of disease and poor prognosis after adenovirus (Adv) infection in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in atopic children with Adv pneumonia in China.Methods: Children hospitalised for Adv pneumonia from June 2018 to Dec 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into three groups: atopic with Adv, non-atopic with Adv, and atopic without Adv infection. Each group was further divided into mild or severe infection groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics, and pulmonary radiological changes of atopic and non-atopic children were collected. Risk factors associated with small airway diseases in Adv pneumonia patients were analyzed.Results: Compared with non-atopic children with Adv infection, the cases of eosinophilic granulocyte count were significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). Among children with mild and severe infection, the number of patients with wheezing and small airway disease as observed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). Furthermore, coughing was more severe in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). A family history of asthma (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.0]), personal history of asthma (OR 2.7 [95% CI 2.1–3.1]), atopy (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.2]), severe infection (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.0–2.7]), and Adv infection (OR 1.4, [95% CI 0.9–2.0]) were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease, both after admission and a month after discharge. Conclusions: Atopic children with Adv infection experience more severe coughing during hospitalisation and are prone to wheezing and small airway disease on the HRCT. Family and personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and Adv infection were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease on the chest HRCT scan.

scholarly journals Epidemiology , clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of atopic children hospitalised for adenovirus infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
xiao-hua Han ◽  
li-yun Liu ◽  
hui-sheng Yao ◽  
li-li Yi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Small Airway Disease ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiological Changes

Abstract Background Atopy may be associated with the severity of disease and poor prognosis after adenovirus (Adv) infection in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in atopic children with Adv pneumonia in China. Methods Children hospitalised for Adv pneumonia from June 2018 to Dec 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into three groups: atopic with Adv, non-atopic with Adv, and atopic without Adv infection. Each group was further divided into mild or severe infection groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics, and pulmonary radiological changes of atopic and non-atopic children were collected. Risk factors associated with small airway diseases in Adv pneumonia patients were analyzed. Results Compared with non-atopic children with Adv infection, the cases of eosinophilic granulocyte count were significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). Among children with mild and severe infection, the number of patients with wheezing and small airway disease as observed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). Furthermore, coughing was more severe in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). A family history of asthma (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.0]), personal history of asthma (OR 2.7 [95% CI 2.1–3.1]), atopy (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.2]), severe infection (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.0–2.7]), and Adv infection (OR 1.4, [95% CI 0.9–2.0]) were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease, both after admission and a month after discharge. Conclusions Atopic children with Adv infection experience more severe coughing during hospitalisation and are prone to wheezing and small airway disease on the HRCT. Family and personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and Adv infection were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease on the chest HRCT scan.

Factors associated with recurrent transient global amnesia: systematic review and pathophysiological insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Liampas ◽  
Maria Raptopoulou ◽  
Stefanos Mpourlios ◽  
Vasileios Siokas ◽  
Zisis Tsouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Family Medical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract The examination of the risk factors that affect the recurrence of transient global amnesia (TGA) may shed light on the pathophysiological substrate of the disease. A systematic review was performed to identify the factors associated with the recurrence of TGA. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and PsycINFO were meticulously searched. Observational controlled studies involving patients with single (s-TGA) and recurrent TGA (r-TGA) according to Hodges and Warlow’s criteria were retrieved. Differences in the demographic characteristics, personal and family medical history, previous exposure to precipitating events and laboratory findings were examined. Retrieved evidence was assessed in the context of the individual article validity, based on the numerical power and methodological quality of each study. Nine cohort studies with retrospective, prospective or mixed design were retrieved. In total, 1989 patients with TGA were included, 269 of whom suffered from r-TGA (13.5%). R-TGA presented an earlier age of onset. Evidence was suggestive of a relationship between recurrence and a family or personal history of migraine, as well as a personal history of depression. There was weaker evidence that associated recurrence with a positive family history of dementia, a personal history of head injury and hippocampal lesions in diffusion-weighted MRI. On the other hand, no connection was found between recurrence and electroencephalographic abnormalities, impaired jugular venous drainage, cardiovascular risk factors, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebrovascular events, exposure to precipitating events, a positive family history of TGA and hypothyroidism. Important pathophysiological insights that arised from these findings were discussed.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics And Analysis Of Risk Factors For Disease Progression Of COVID-19 Among Patients Within Wad Medani Isolation Centers, Gezira State: A Prospective Cohort Study From Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif Elnaeem Yousif ◽  
Moh.Mah.Fadel Allah Eljack ◽  
Osman Amir ◽  
Mohammed Alfatih ◽  
Akram Khalid Al Tigany Al Shiekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background : (COVID-19) had a great impact on the world’s health systems since December 2019. A little is known about the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity in Sudanese Patients; therefor it is necessary to summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and to explore the risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity. Methods : A one-year retrospective cohort study (May 2020- May2021) was done at three isolation centers in Wad Medani. Sample contained all COVID-19 patients who are over 18 years old and were confirmed to be COVID-19 by nucleic acid testing or features Suggestive of Covid19 on Chest CT scan. Results : This study included 418 patients confirmed COVID-19 cases with a median age of 66.3±13years. 179 (64.2%) patients were men. Hypertension (n=195; 46.7%) and diabetes (n=187; 44.7%) were the most common comorbidities. The most common symptoms at COVID-19 onset were fever (n=303; 72.5%), cough (n=278; 66.5%) and dyspnea (n= 256; 61.2%). the overall mortality rate was 35.4% (n=148). The morality rate was 42.3% (n=118) among patients with severe disease. The Chi-square test and ANOVA analysis revealed that older age, anemia, neutrophilia and lymphcytopenia, higher glucose levels, HbA1c levels and creatinine levels were variables associated with severe COVID-19. In inflammatory markers, the levels of CRP and d-dimer were elevated in severe infection more than moderate and mild infections. Conclusion : Patients with these factors are more likely to deteriorate into severe infection and have higher mortality rate than those without these factors.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Clinical Risk Factors Related to Severe COVID-19 in Iran: A multi-center study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Nasiraldin Tabatabaei ◽  
Alireza Ansari-moghaddam ◽  
Mohammadi ◽  
Hassan Okati-Aliabad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Center Study

Abstract Background Iran was one of the first countries to be affected by COVID-19. Identifying factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 is useful in disease management. This study investigated the epidemiological and clinical features and factors related to severe COVID-19 in Iran's less-privileged area.MethodsIn a multicenter study, all patients admitted to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences hospitals located in southeastern Iran were investigated from February 29 to April 31, 2020. The demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data of patients were extracted from medical records. To explore the risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. ResultsAmong the 413 patients, 55.5% were male, and 145 (35.10%) were in severe condition at admission time. Multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted odds of the disease severity increased in patients with older age (OR 3.51; 95% CI, 2.28-5.40), substance abuse (OR 2.22; 95% CI, 2.05-5.78), and at least one underlying disease (OR 3.45; 95% CI, 1.01-1.32).Conclusions COVID-19 was more severe in older patients, patients with a history of substance abuse, and patients with at least one underlying disease. Understanding the factors affecting the disease severity can help for the clinical management of COVID-19, especially in less privileged areas where fewer resources are available.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 inpatients in Birjand, Iran: a single-center retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsiyeh Azarkar ◽  
Freshteh Osmani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Single Center ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Survivor Group ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected mortality worldwide. The Cox proportional hazard (CPH) model is becoming more popular in time-to-event data analysis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics in COVID-19 inpatients including (survivor and non-survivor); thus helping clinicians give the right treatment and assess prognosis and guide the treatment. Methods This single-center study was conducted at Hospital for COVID-19 patients in Birjand. Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 were included. Patients were classified as the discharged or survivor group and the death or non-survivor group based on their outcome (improvement or death). Clinical, epidemiological characteristics, as well as laboratory parameters, were extracted from electronic medical records. Independent sample T test and the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used to evaluate the association of interested variables. The CPH model was used for survival analysis in the COVID-19 death patients. Significant level was set as 0.05 in all analyses. Results The results showed that the mortality rate was about (17.4%). So that, 62(17%) patients had died due to COVID-19, and 298 (83.6%) patients had recovered and discharged. Clinical parameters and comorbidities such as oxygen saturation, lymphocyte and platelet counts, hemoglobin levels, C-reactive protein, and liver and kidney function, were statistically significant between both studied groups. The results of the CPH model showed that comorbidities, hypertension, lymphocyte counts, platelet count, and C-reactive protein level, may increase the risk of death due to the COVID-19 as risk factors in inpatients cases. Conclusions Patients with, lower lymphocyte counts in hemogram, platelet count and serum albumin, and high C-reactive protein level, and also patients with comorbidities may have more risk for death. So, it should be given more attention to risk management in the progression of COVID-19 disease.

Clinical Characteristics of and Risk Factors for Small Airway Dysfunction Detected by Impulse Oscillometry

2021 ◽  
pp. 106681
Author(s):  
Jieqi Peng ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Heshen Tian ◽  
Huajing Yang ◽  
Youlan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Impulse Oscillometry

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Community Acquired Extended-Spectrum Β-lactamase (ESBL) Producing Enterobacteriaceae Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S345-S345
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Goyal ◽  
Kristin Dascomb ◽  
Peter S Jones ◽  
Bert K Lopansri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enterobacteriaceae Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Community-acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae infections pose unique treatment challenges. Identifying risk factors associated with ESBL Enterobacteriaceae infections outside of prior colonization is important for empiric management in an era of antimicrobial stewardship. Methods We randomly selected 251 adult inpatients admitted to an Intermountain healthcare facility in Utah with an ESBL Enterobacteriaceae urinary tract infection (UTI) between January 1, 2001 and January 1, 2016. 1:1 matched controls had UTI at admission with Enterobacteriaceae but did not produce ESBL. UTI at admission was defined as urine culture positive for &gt; 100,000 colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/mL) of Enterobacteriaceae and positive symptoms within 7 days prior or 2 days after admission. Repeated UTI was defined as more than 3 episodes of UTI within 12 months preceding index hospitalization. Cases with prior history of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae UTIs or another hospitalization three months preceding the index admission were excluded. Univariate and multiple logistic regression techniques were used to identify the risk factors associated with first episode of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae UTI at the time of hospitalization. Results In univariate analysis, history of repeated UTIs, neurogenic bladder, presence of a urinary catheter at time of admission, and prior exposure to outpatient antibiotics within past one month were found to be significantly associated with ESBL Enterobacteriaceae UTIs. When controlling for age differences, severity of illness and co-morbid conditions, history of repeated UTIs (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 6.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.60–13.41), presence of a urinary catheter at admission (AOR 2.75, 95% CI 1.25 – 6.24) and prior antibiotic exposure (AOR: 8.50, 95% CI: 3.09 – 30.13) remained significantly associated with development of new ESBL Enterobacteriaceae UTIs. Conclusion Patients in the community with urinary catheters, history of recurrent UTIs, or recent antimicrobial use can develop de novo ESBL Enterobacteriaceae UTIs. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

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