scholarly journals Information and Trust in Parent-Teacher Cooperation – Connections with Educational Inequality

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Markus P. Neuenschwander
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
School Year ◽  
Efficacy Expectation ◽  
Parent Trust

There is an ongoing debate on how parents and the cooperation between parents and teachers contribute to educational inequality. In this study, the assumption that information and trust in parent–teacher cooperation mediate the effects of parent socioeconomic status (SES) on student achievement in mathematics and instruction language (German) was examined. The effects of information and trust on achievement were assumed to be mediated by parent self-efficacy expectation in German. The hypotheses were tested using a sample with 1001 students from 4th to 6th grade and their parents in Swiss primary schools using questionnaires and achievement tests at the beginning and the end of a school year. Results from structural equation models with longitudinal data showed that parent trust and parent self-efficacy expectation fully mediated the effect of SES and student achievement in language instruction but not in mathematics. Information did not correlate with SES nor with student achievement, but with trust. Parental trust in the cooperation with teachers affected achievement in both mathematics and German. The model combines the research on parental involvement with the research on educational inequality in school. Teachers need to establish trust in cooperation with low-SES parents to reduce educational inequality in school.

scholarly journals Career Decision, Work Adjustment, and Person–Job Fit of Adolescents: Moderating Effects of Parental Support

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532199596
Author(s):  
Markus P. Neuenschwander ◽  
Jan Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
The Social

We applied the social cognitive model of work satisfaction to the transition from lower secondary education to work in Switzerland and combined career decision and adjustment to work. The model assumes that self-efficacy affects career decision outcomes and adjustment after transition to work. Self-efficacy interacts with parental support during career decision making. We tested the model using a longitudinal sample of 603 adolescents who filled out questionnaires in seventh grade, ninth grade, and 1 year after starting work. Structural equation models showed that parental support weakens the effect of self-efficacy on anticipated person–job fit and expectations of work conditions (moderation). Expectations of work conditions and a company’s support help newcomers to attain a high perceived person–job fit. These findings have several implications on how to support adolescents’ school-to-work transition.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with prevalence of developmental language disorders, but not rate of language or literacy growth in children from 4 to 11 years: evidence from the Surrey Communication and Language in Education Study (SCALES)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay Norbury ◽  
Sarah Louise Griffiths ◽  
George Vamvakas ◽  
Gillian Baird ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Developmental Language Disorders

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the changing prevalence of developmental language disorders at different quintiles of the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI), a measure of neighbourhood deprivation. In addition, this study investigated the long term association of IDACI rank with growth in language and literacy skills for children with and without language disorder over a six year period.Design. Prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study.Setting. State-maintained primary schools in Surrey, England.Participants and procedure. Teachers rated the language skills of 7267 children starting a state-maintained school in 2011 (aged 4;9-5;10, 59% of all eligible children). Comprehensive language and literacy assessment was conducted with a monolingual sub-sample in Year 1 (n = 529, age 5-6), Year 3 (n = 499, age 7-8), and Year 6 (n = 384, age 10-11).Analytic methods. Logistic regression determined the association of IDACI scores and teacher-rated language proficiency. Structural Equation Models using auxiliary variables estimated the association of IDACI and prevalence of developmental Language Disorder (LD) in Year 1, and IDACI and language and literacy growth from Years 1 – 6.Results. Predicted probability of language disorder was 2.5 times greater at the 10th centile of IDACI rank (.19 [.11, .27]) versus the 90th centile (.07 [.04, .09]). IDACI rank did not associate with growth in raw scores on measures of vocabulary, grammar, or word reading. Socioeconomic gaps in vocabulary and grammar were ameliorated when language status at school entry was accounted for, but persisted for word reading. Conclusions. The association of neighbourhood disadvantage with language and literacy primarily reflects higher rates of language disorder in areas of socio-economic deprivation. Interventions that alleviate deprivation and enhance the language and literacy experiences of disadvantaged children could reduce socioeconomic attainment gaps. However, the persistence of language disorder suggests on-going support is required to attenuate personal and societal cost.

scholarly journals Effects of Entrepreneurial Characteristics and University Environment on Entrepreneurial Intention

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes ◽  
Edson Sadao Iizuka ◽  
Matheus Pedro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
State University ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Characteristics ◽  
The University

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of entrepreneurial and university environment characteristics on the entrepreneurial intention of the undergraduate student. We developed a model that considers the university environment, self-efficacy, and risk-taking as direct influencers of entrepreneurial intention, and entrepreneurial characteristics as influencers of self-efficacy. We employed quantitative methodology and data were analyzed by Structural Equation Models using the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) technique. The sample consisted of 287 students in the final year of undergraduate programs at the State University of Campinas (Unicamp). The results indicate that the entrepreneurial intention of students is influenced by the university environment and the attitude toward risk-taking and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy, in turn, is influenced by student characteristics regarding planning, leadership, and innovation. The research corroborates with complementary reflections on entrepreneurship studies, showing a model for evaluation of entrepreneurial characteristics of students and of the entrepreneurial context in educational institutions, and proving that there is a positive relationship between the context, entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention of the students.

scholarly journals Mediators of screening uptake in a colorectal cancer screening intervention among Hispanics

BMC Cancer ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navkiran K. Shokar ◽  
Jennifer Salinas ◽  
Alok Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Test Completion

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA. Although a number of CRC screening tests have been established as being effective for CRC prevention and early detection, rates of CRC screening test completion in the US population remain suboptimal, especially among the uninsured, recent immigrants and Hispanics. In this study, we used a structural equation modelling approach to identify factors influencing screening test completion in a successful CRC screening program that was implemented in an uninsured Hispanic population. This information will enhance our understanding of influences on CRC screening among historically underscreened populations. Methods We used generalized structural equation models (SEM) utilizing participant reported information collected through a series of surveys. We identified direct and indirect pathways through which cofactors, CRC knowledge and individual Health Belief Model constructs (perceived benefits, barriers, susceptibility, fatalism and self-efficacy) and a latent psychosocial health construct mediated screening in an effective prospective randomized CRC screening intervention that was tailored for uninsured Hispanic Americans. Results Seven hundred twenty-three participants were eligible for inclusion; mean age was 56 years, 79.7% were female, and 98.9% were Hispanic. The total intervention effect was comparable in both models, with both having a direct and indirect effect on screening completion (n = 715, Model 1: RC = 2.46 [95% CI: 2.20, 2.71, p < 0.001]; n = 699, Model 2 RC =2.45, [95% CI: 2.18, 2.72, p < 0.001]. In Model 1, 32% of the overall effect was mediated by the latent psychosocial health construct (RC = 0.79, p < 0.001) that was in turn mainly influenced by self-efficacy, perceived benefits and fatalism. In Model 2, the most important individual mediators were self-efficacy (RC = 0.24, p = 0.013), and fatalism (RC = 0.07, p = 0.033). Conclusion This study contributes to our understanding of mediators of CRC screening and suggests that targeting self-efficacy, perceived benefits and fatalism could maximize the effectiveness of CRC screening interventions particularly in Hispanic populations.

scholarly journals Role of Technology Access and Technical Self-Efficacy Towards Lecturers’ Readiness in Blended Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
SYARIFAH RABIYAH AL ADAWIAH
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Technology Access ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
E Learning

Landscape of classroom teaching and learnings has changed Integrating information and communication technology (ICT) as a source of blended teaching and learning, either in the classroom or outside the classroom, has become one of the evolutions in classroom learning. To be part of this evolution, UTMSPACE has started to implement blended learning in teaching and learning. Therefore, the study intended to examine the readiness of UTMSPACE lecturers towards the implementation of blended learning and to explore the current practice of blended learning among the lecturers. The findings confirmed the lecturers’ readiness for blended learning implementation. This study also examines how personal factors affected the success of e-learning systems and provided better results. Structural equation models on the data of 101 targeted respondents showed that online communication self-efficacy, attitude, and online media are the multiple mediators between the technology access and technical usage self-efficacy and lead to increased blended learning readiness among the lecturers at UTMSPACE. It appears that despite technological factors, the lecturers with a high belief in their ability and attitude are more prepared to adopt the alternative ways of teaching and learning as they gain more experience. Keywords: Blended learning, UTMSPACE, readiness.

The Relationship Between Self-Regulatory Efficacy and Physical Activity in Adolescents With a Caveat: A Cross-Lag Design Examining Weather

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Wilson ◽  
Kevin S. Spink
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Year ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The use of self-efficacy to predict physical activity has a long history. However, this relationship is complex, as self-efficacy is thought to influence and be influenced by physical activity. The directionality of the self-regulatory efficacy (SRE) and physical activity relationship was examined using a cross-lagged design. A secondary purpose was to examine these relationships across differing weather conditions. Methods: Canadian adolescents (N = 337; aged between 13 and 18 years) completed the physical activity and SRE measures 4 times during a school year. Structural equation modeling was used to perform a cross-lag analysis. Results: The relationships between physical activity and SRE appeared to be weather dependent. During a more challenging weather period (eg, cold weather), the relationship between physical activity and SRE was bidirectional. However, no relationship emerged when the 2 constructs were assessed during a more optimal weather period (eg, warm weather). Conclusions: Some support has been provided for the bidirectional nature of the relationship between physical activity and SRE. The relationship appeared to be qualified by climate considerations, suggesting that future research examine how weather may relate not just to physical activity but also to the correlates of physical activity.

Financial self-efficacy: a determinant of financial inclusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mindra ◽  
Musa Moya ◽  
Linda Tia Zuze ◽  
Odongo Kodongo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between financial self-efficacy (FSE) and financial inclusion (FI) among individual financial consumers in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design, a sample of 400 individuals from urban Central and rural Northern Uganda was drawn. SPSS and AMOS™ 21, regression analysis and structural equation models were used to establish the hypothesized relationship between FSE and FI. Findings The results suggest a strong positive and significant relationship between FSE and FI. The results further suggest that other variables which were controlled for, such as age and gender, had significant influence on an individual’s usage of formal financial services. Research limitations/implications The study was assessed using both potential and actual consumers of financial services collectively. However, if separately assessed, possibly there would be a variation in behavioral responses toward FI. Practical implications Formal financial service providers need to enhance individuals’ levels of confidence in management of finances and utilization of formal financial products and services, so that the financial consumers can realize the changes in financial behavior and consequently FI. Social implications The enhancement of individuals’ level of confidence in evaluating the available financial service options will guide them to take financial decisions that will improve their livelihood. Originality/value The results contribute toward the limited empirical and theoretical evidence for FSE and FI from a behavioral demand-side perspective.

The relationship between caregiving self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease: a longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1095-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Grano ◽  
Fabio Lucidi ◽  
Cristiano Violani
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Considerable Length ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackground:Caregiving for a relative with dementia has been associated with negative consequences for mental health. Self-efficacy has been shown to correlate negatively with depression but the long-term association between caregiver burden, caregiver self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms, remains still largely unexplored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether different self-efficacy domains partially mediated the relationship between caregiving burden and depression.Methods:A three-wave design was used, with initial assessment and follow-ups three months later and one year later. One hundred seventy caregivers of patients with AD responded to measures of caregiver burden, caregiving self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed by means of structural equation models.Results:The tested model provided support for the guiding hypothesis. Burden at the time of the first assessment (T1) significantly influenced depression one year later and the relationship between burden at time one and depressive symptoms one year later was partially mediated by self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts.Conclusions:The findings of the present study provide evidence that, along a considerable length of time, the effects of caregiver burden on depressive symptoms can be explained by the caregivers’ efficacy beliefs in controlling upsetting thoughts related to the caregiving tasks. Interventions for caregivers of patients with AD may help them in tackling negative thoughts about the caregiving role.

SUMBER KEPERCAYAAN-KEPERCAYAAN DALAM NIAT MENGGUNAKAN SYNCHRONOUS E-LEARNING: STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI DI YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eka Noor Asmara
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Top Management Commitment ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Computer Self Efficacy

This study aims to provide empirical evidence of the influence of individual factors, social factors and institutional factors as the antecedent of behavioral intention through beliefs in using the technology of synchronous e-learning, such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Analysis uses structural equation models by using smartPLS software. Results of this research shown the support of 6 out of 7 proposed hypothesis, namely that there is a significant positive relationship between top management commitment and support, references from colleagues and computer self efficacy against perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Keywords: behavioral intention, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, computer self efficacy, synchronous e-learning. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh faktor individual, faktor sosial dan faktor institusional sebagai anteseden behavioral intention melalui kepercayaan-kepercayaan menggunakan teknologi synchronous e-learning, yaitu perceived usefulness dan perceived ease of use. Analisis menggunakan model persamaan structural dengan menggunakan software smartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdukungnya 6 dari 7 hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara dukungan dan komitmen manajemen puncak, referensi rekan sejawat dan computer self efficacy terhadap perceived usefulness dan perceived ease of use.Kata kunci: Niat perilaku, kegunaan yang dirasakan, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, efikasi diri komputer, sinkron e-learning.

The relationship between self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in Multiple Sclerosis patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Silvia Testa ◽  
Giorgia Molinengo ◽  
Alessandra Oggero ◽  
Antonio Bertolotto ◽  
Rosalba Rosato
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a broad spectrum of physical, social, psychological effects and significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Several studies has showed the importance of self-efficacy as a predictor of QoL in patients with MS.This study aims at evaluating the robustness of the relationship between self-efficacy and QoL. Specifically it aims to test whether such relation will vanish under the following conditions: using a general measure of self-efficacy and controlling for level of impairment defined as a broad construct dealing with physical, social and working changes due to the illness condition. Methods One hundred-fifty five participants responded to a questionnaire, including QoL and general self-efficacy measures, socio demographic and clinical variables. Two nested structural equation models that differ for the presence or absence of the path connecting self-efficacy and QoL was estimated.Results and Conclusions The hypothesis of the vanishing of the relationship between self-efficacy and QoL had to be rejected. These results support the genuineness of this relation and emphasize the importance of interventions promoting self-efficacy to improve QoL in chronic diseases such as MS. From a methodological perspective this study is an example of the usefulness of formative indicators in QoL studies.

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