scholarly journals CERAMIC COMPLEXES DISCOVERED FORM SITES IN GALICIAN AND VOLHYNIAN LANDS AS AN EXAMPLE OF CERAMIC ISOCHRONAL EXISTENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-97
Author(s):  
O. V. Manigda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Lower Stratum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This paper deals with the question of using ceramic complexes as a foundation for isochronal existence of ceramic in wide areas. Author analyzed three types of ceramic complexes such as covered complexes, complexes considered as closed and uncovered complexes. The definition of covered ceramic complex is the one which finished it existing in one moment, was preserved and didn’t change ever after. For instance it could be a tomb, a treasure, a burned building, an inner space of oven (for ceramic complexes). The second one — complex considered as closed is the complex which combines some artifacts that were dated as isochronal for particularly period of existence (for example, settlement existence). It could be middle and lower stratum of building filling or specific building horizon as well. The third one — is a summation of findings which were uncovered in a way we could not be sure of their isochronal existence. Such complex could be formed for a long period instead of covered complex and an example of it could be the stratum of settlement filled of finds. The last types of complexes were used by author only in a case of absence any other marks for ceramic dating. Several types of ceramic complexes discovered in 42 rural settlements, hillforts, and burials were selected and analyzed by author. The dating and comparative chronology proposed by investigators was considered by author.

Plane Fields’ Quadratic Cremona Correspondence Set By Imaginary F-Points

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Короткий ◽  
Viktor Korotkiy
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Theory ◽  
Conic Section ◽  
Complex Conjugate ◽  
Quadratic Mapping ◽  
Cremona Transformations ◽  
Quadratic Map ◽  
The Third ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Birational (Cremona) correspondences of two planes П, П' or Cremona transformations on the combined plane П = П' represent an effective tool for design of smooth dynamic curves and two-dimensional lines. The simplest birational correspondence is a quadratic map Ω of plane fields on one another. In the projective definition of the quadratic correspondence can participate two pairs of imaginary complex conjugate F-points set as double points of elliptic involutions on the lines associated with the third pair of F-points. In this case, the imaginary projective F-bundles cannot be used for generation of points corresponding in Ω. A generic constructive algorithm for design of corresponding points in a quadratic mapping Ω(П ↔ П'), set both by real and imaginary F-points is proposed in this paper. The algorithm is based on the use of auxiliary projective correspondence Δ between the points of the planes П, П' and Hirst’s transformation Ψ with the center in the one of real F-points. A theorem on the existence of an invariant conic common to Ω and Δ mappings has been proved. Has been demonstrated a possibility for quadratic mapping’s presentation as a product of collinearity and Hirst’s transformation: Ω = ΔΨ. Has been considered a solution for auxiliary problems arising during the generic constructive algorithm’s implementation: buildup a conic section, that is incident to imaginary points, and plotting the corresponding points in collinearity set by imaginary points. It has been demonstrated that there are two or four possible versions of collinearity for plane fields П, П', set by with participation of the imaginary corresponding points, due to an uncertainty related to the order of their relative correspondence. Have been completely solved the problem of mapping a straight line in a conic section within the quadratic Cremona correspondance of fields П ≠ П', set by a pair of real fundamental points, and two pairs of imaginary ones. It has been demonstrated that in general case the problem has two solutions. The obtained results are useful for the development of the geometric theory related to imaginary elements and this theory’s application in linear and non-linear descriptive geometry, operating projective images of first and second orders.

scholarly journals The concept of «judicial practice»: essence, main approaches to its definition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Galyna Tykhomyrova ◽  
◽  
Karyna Baldzhy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Relevant Concept ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
National Legal System ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding the concept of «judicial practice». The pluralism of views on this issue is revealed and the existing approaches to the definition of this concept are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the respective approaches are outlined, and attention is drawn to the impossibility of considering the concept of «case law» only on the one hand due to its multifaceted nature. The connection between judicial practice and judicial precedent is analyzed and the approach to the impossibility of identifying the relevant concepts is substantiated. Several directions of interpretation of the researched concept are established, where according to the first, the sign of the equation between judicial practice and judicial activity is put. According to the second – between case law and legal experience. It is pointed out that the third direction combines the elements of the first two, and also emphasizes the advantages of such a disseminating interpretation. The correlation of the category «judicial practice» with related categories is investigated and its independent meaning as a concept is emphasized. The features of judicial practice and aspects of its essence are described. The author's definition of «judicial practice» is offered and its use is substantiated. The importance of the category «ECtHR practice» is emphasized for the national legal system, and therefore the relevant concept is considered through the prism of general research.

THE GENESIS OF LEGAL SUPPORT OF ACADEMIC VIRTUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
I. Shopina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Academic Responsibility ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article is dedicated to the determination of the peculiarity of stages of legal support of academic virtue in Ukraine.It has been proven that the first stage for development of legal support to academic virtue has started in 2004, when the all-European processes of increasing the role of universities within a society have been initiated as well as the transformation ofrequirements to the participants of educational activity. This stage has been characterized by the acceptance of a Bucharestdeclaration on ethical values and principles of higher education in the European region (2-5 September 2004) and its result has been the establishment of an overall European discourse of academic virtue which included pedagogical, ethical and legalaspects of the phenomenon under research.It has been pointed out, that the third stage of legal support to academic virtue is related with stipulating in 2011 within aNational framework, the qualifications of adherence to proper academic virtue as the one that is considered to be necessary toinitiate, plan, implement and correct the subsequent process of a thorough scientific research of the level of basic skills andabilities. From this moment on there’s an active development of the terminological core dedicated to the issue of academicvirtue, there’s a preparation of suggestions to be implemented to the legislation on education, particularly, by determining thelegal definition of academic virtue, the forms and types of academic responsibility, and also the active reaffirming of ethicalrequirements on the academic virtues of teachers, scientists and individuals obtaining education in the codes of academicvirtues, approved in the course of gatherings of working teams or the scientific councils of universities.

scholarly journals Las rectorías parroquiales en la ciudad de Córdoba durante el Antiguo Régimen: acercamiento a la cuestión

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-286
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodríguez-Trenas
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Pastoral Work ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Lower Stratum ◽  
Definite Form ◽  
Real Effort ◽  
Small Nucleus ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

ResumenSi poco estudiado ha sido el estrato más bajo del clero en la ciudad de Córdoba, el pequeño núcleo que formaban los rectores parroquiales aún menos. Estas rectorías, de importancia supina para la labor pastoral y la administración de sacramentos, parecen no tener una forma definida durante la época moderna en Córdoba. La cuestión de su definición es el objeto de este artículo, para lo que se han consultado las constituciones sinodales de la diócesis, así como diversa información de archivo. Su carácter beneficial o no, así como la concesión de la cura animarum centran el debate. La adaptación al modelo tridentino de rectoría parroquial exigió un verdadero esfuerzo para la administración diocesana, que debió lidiar con las reticencias y alegaciones de una empoderada Universidad de Beneficiados que se había aprovechado de la indefinición de este cargo en la ciudad de Córdoba. Por ello, se destaca un punto de inflexión en esta situación en 1648, cuando el obispo Pimentel, animado desde Roma, plantea un modelo de patronato para estas rectorías que permitan la manutención de sus titulares sin el perjuicio de modificar cualquier reparto del diezmo parroquial, que hubiera supuesto una mayor oposición a la que ya hubo durante un siglo después.AbstractIf little studied has been the lower stratum of the clergy in the city of Córdoba, the small nucleus that made up the parish rectors even less. These rectories, of supine importance for pastoral work and the administration of the sacraments, seem to have no definite form during modern times in Córdoba. The question of its definition is the object of this article, for which the synodical constitutions of the diocese has been consulted, as well as various archival information. Its beneficial nature or not, as well as the granting of the cura animarum center the debate. The adaptation to the Tridentine model of parish rectory required a real effort from the diocesan administration, which had to deal with the reluctance and allegations of an empowered Universidad de Beneficiados, that had taken advantage of the lack of definition of this position in the city of Córdoba. For this reason, a turning point in this situation stands out in 1648, when the bishop fray Domingo Pimentel, encouraged from Rome, proposed a model of patronage for these rectories that would allow the maintenance of their holders without the detriment of modifying any distribution of the parish tithe, that it would have supposed a greater opposition to the one that already existed during a century later.

scholarly journals ON THE DILEMMA OF BEING

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Sergey D. Lobanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Objective Being ◽  
Living Being ◽  
Being And Becoming

Тhe article explores the question of being. Its relevance is revealed through ontological obligations. This question belongs to the domain of the transcendent, the subject of metaphysics. Being is considered through the concepts «order of being», «predicates of being» and «dignity of being». The paper introduces the concepts of inreality and connected being and gives the argument of the «third being». The concepts of real and ideal, some types of proofs of existence are discussed. The dilemma of being is formulated, which is formed by the recognition that being exists upon condition that being is an action and acts directly, on the one hand, and, on the other, by the recognition that being acts through some phenomenon, therefore it is identified with some object and is considered objective, mediated being. In other words, it is a statement about the existence of being in itself and being distributed in a certain order, the order of being, namely: the existence of things, being, essence, man, etc. The aspects of the dilemma of being are created by the differentiation between being and becoming, being and living, being and thinking. These ontological distinctions lead to such resolution of the dilemma of being when being is recognized as: 1) the measure of things that they «matter (are the essence)» and that they «are not the essence», i.e, become; 2) the measure of things that make sense and those that do not, and 3) the measure of things imaginable and unimaginable. As a result, the paper offers the following definition of being: being is immediacy as such (non-objective being) which combines the immediacy of things, actions, phenomena, processes, sensations, etc. (objective being).

Elements and Knowledge in the Theaetetus

Elenchos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-326
Author(s):  
Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adequate Definition ◽  
Dream Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Plato's Theaetetus develops an inquiry concerning the definition of knowledge. Famously, after Socrates and Theaetetus have discussed the three candidates for the definition of knowledge, the end of the dialogue seems to leave us in a situation of aporia. The present article focuses on the last hypothesis raised in the dialogue and tries to determine whether this hypothesis can be seen, under appropriate qualification, as acceptable within a Platonic framework. This hypothesis is connected with a dream theory that unfolds two crucial factors for understanding the definition of knowledge, i.e. elements and logos. So the aim of this paper is twofold: on the one hand, to make clear what elements properly are; on the other hand, to find an account of logos suitable to make it a necessary condition for the definition of knowledge. As will emerge from this paper, the first two candidates for the definition of knowledge are indeed not sufficient for gaining an adequate definition, but they nonetheless foreshadow the third hypothesis and are necessary conditions for understanding the third one.

Understanding functional illiteracy from a policy, adult education, and cognition point of view: Towards a joint referent framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Bulajić ◽  
Miomir Despotović ◽  
Thomas Lachmann
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Functional Illiteracy ◽  
Scale Levels ◽  
Components Of Reading ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. The article discusses the emergence of a functional literacy construct and the rediscovery of illiteracy in industrialized countries during the second half of the 20th century. It offers a short explanation of how the construct evolved over time. In addition, it explores how functional (il)literacy is conceived differently by research discourses of cognitive and neural studies, on the one hand, and by prescriptive and normative international policy documents and adult education, on the other hand. Furthermore, it analyses how literacy skills surveys such as the Level One Study (leo.) or the PIAAC may help to bridge the gap between cognitive and more practical and educational approaches to literacy, the goal being to place the functional illiteracy (FI) construct within its existing scale levels. It also sheds more light on the way in which FI can be perceived in terms of different cognitive processes and underlying components of reading. By building on the previous work of other authors and previous definitions, the article brings together different views of FI and offers a perspective for a needed operational definition of the concept, which would be an appropriate reference point for future educational, political, and scientific utilization.

Alkohol im Tank – Bio-Kraftstoffe und die Grenzen moderner Mobilität

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Hartwig Berger
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Third ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World

The article discusses the future of mobility in the light of energy resources. Fossil fuel will not be available for a long time - not to mention its growing environmental and political conflicts. In analysing the potential of biofuel it is argued that the high demands of modern mobility can hardly be fulfilled in the future. Furthermore, the change into using biofuel will probably lead to increasing conflicts between the fuel market and the food market, as well as to conflicts with regional agricultural networks in the third world. Petrol imperialism might be replaced by bio imperialism. Therefore, mobility on a solar base pursues a double strategy of raising efficiency on the one hand and strongly reducing mobility itself on the other.

ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF INFORMATICS STUDIED AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
S. I. Zenko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Definition Of

The article raises the problem of classification of the concepts of computer science and informatics studied at secondary school. The efficiency of creation of techniques of training of pupils in these concepts depends on its solution. The author proposes to consider classifications of the concepts of school informatics from four positions: on the cross-subject basis, the content lines of the educational subject "Informatics", the logical and structural interrelations and interactions of the studied concepts, the etymology of foreign-language and translated words in the definition of the concepts of informatics. As a result of the first classification general and special concepts are allocated; the second classification — inter-content and intra-content concepts; the third classification — stable (steady), expanding, key and auxiliary concepts; the fourth classification — concepts-nouns, conceptsverbs, concepts-adjectives and concepts — combinations of parts of speech.

Al-Rasm al-ʿUthmānī: Towards Correct Pronunciation and the Preclusion of Ambiguity

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-171
Author(s):  
Nāṣir Al-Dīn Abū Khaḍīr
Keyword(s):  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Correct Pronunciation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind

The ʿUthmānic way of writing (al-rasm al-ʿUthmānī) is a science that specialises in the writing of Qur'anic words in accordance with a specific ‘pattern’. It follows the writing style of the Companions at the time of the third caliph, ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, and was attributed to ʿUthmān on the basis that he was the one who ordered the collection and copying of the Qur'an into the actual muṣḥaf. This article aims to expound on the two fundamental functions of al-rasm al-ʿUthmānī: that of paying regard to the ‘correct’ pronunciation of the words in the muṣḥaf, and the pursuit of the preclusion of ambiguity which may arise in the mind of the reader and his auditor. There is a further practical aim for this study: to show the connection between modern orthography and the ʿUthmānic rasm in order that we, nowadays, are thereby able to overcome the problems faced by calligraphers and writers of the past in their different ages and cultures.

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