scholarly journals ESSAY ON THE SARMATIAN STUDIES IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
A. V. Symonenko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Military

The steppe and part of the forest-steppe of modern Ukraine since the 2nd century BC till the 4th century AD were the place of residence of the numerous Sarmatian tribes. The Sarmatian studies are one of the actual research fields of Ukrainian and foreign archaeologists. The article analyses the study of Sarmatian culture of North Pontic region since the time of the first finds of Sarmatian sites untill the present. The author proposes to survey the development of Ukrainian Sarmatian studies in two directions: field exploration and the theoretical interpretation of archaeological material. The article presents the history of the finds of Sarmatian culture and the review of points of view of main scholars on the various problems of Sarmatian archeology. The history of Ukrainian Sarmatian studies is associated with the names of T. G. Obolduyeva, E. V. Makhno, M. I. Vyazmitina, A. V. Symonenko, M. B. Shchukin, V. I. Kostenko, O. M. Dzygovski, M. M. Fokeyev. The Sarmatians of Moldova were fundamentally studied by E. A. Rickman and V. I. Grosu. In total in the North Pontic region by the end of XX century 1256 burials and individual finds of Sarmatian culture were known. Among them the burials of the «kings» and «queens» near the villages of Pogory and Vesnyane, in the Sokolova Mohyla and Nohayichik barrows were excavated. The fundamental works of Prof. M. I. Rostovtsev were the first attempt to summarize the historical and archaeological sources of the Sarmatians of North Pontic region. The scholars of the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine SSR Drs. T. G. Obolduyiva in the fifties of the twentieth century and M. I. Vyazmitina — in the sixties — seventies were at the source of the Ukrainian Sarmatian studies. The Sarmatian culture of the North Pontic region became the latest subject of scientific studies by K. F. Smirnov. Since the beginning of the eighties the new generation of researchers was involved to the Sarmatian studies in Ukraine and Dr. A. V. Simonenko became the leader. He has reconstructed the ethnic and politic history of the Sarmatians of the North Pontic region, proposed the new chronology of the Sarmatian Age, the essay on the culture and art of the Sarmatians was written by him. In several monographs of Dr. Symonenko and their reprints the Roman imported products from the North Pontic Sarmatian graves were studied, and the armaments, horse equipment and the military affairs of the Sarmatians were analyzed.

THE ANCIENT MOUNTAIN VILLAGE OF CHERGA: FROM THE TRAKT POINT ON THE CHUYSKY TRACT TO THE ALTAI EXPERIMENTAL FARM OF THE SIBERIAN BRANCH OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
MUKAEVA L. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Siberian Branch ◽  
The North ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The article considers the history of the creation and development of the first Russian village in the Altai Mountains - the village of Cherga, which appeared in 1820-s a settlement of peasants assigned to the Cabinet mining plants. According to the author, Cherga played an important role in the economic development of the north-western part of the Altai Mountains. Cherga peasants were successfully engaged in arable farming, cattle breeding, mountain beekeeping, private hauling and taiga fisheries. In the vicinity of Cherga in the second half of the 19th century, there were large dairy farms of entrepreneurs who used advanced technologies and innovations in their farms. In Soviet times, Cherga with the surrounding villages turned into a large multi-industry state farm in the Altai Mountains. The traditions of innovation in Cherga were fully manifested in the 1980-s, when the Altai Experimental Farm of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of USSR was formed on the basis of the Cherginsky State Farm, which was still active at the beginning of the 20th century. Keywords: Seminskaya Valley, Cherga, peasants, economic development, Altai experimental farm SB RAS

“A Page from the History of Marxism”: Gefter’s Edevours to Read Marx Anew

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 11-34
Author(s):  
Svetlana Neretina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to show how the thought and speech of people holding and defending directly opposite positions affect the change in the thought and speech of people of their own and subsequent generations, with different life orientations, and to find ways of this influence. The author describes the situation that arose at the end of the sixties of the twentieth century, known as the ideological dispersal of philosophical, historical and sociological trends that ran counter to the policy of the CPSU, which became especially fierce in the fight against opponents after the USSR’s invasion of Czechoslovakia in August, 1968. One of the results of such an ideological battle was the defeat of the sector of the methodology of history of the Institute of General History of the USSR Academy of Sciences, headed by M. Ya. Gefter, who published a series of books in which the so-called laws of historical development (formational approach) were questioned and the fundamental provisions of the classics of Marxism-Leninism were criticized. The subject of analysis is Gefter’s article “A Page from the History of Marxism in the Early 20th Century”, published in the book “Historical Science and Some Problems of the Modernity”, dedicated to the analysis of Lenin’s tactics and strategy development which changed the views of many, especially young, historians on the historical process, and most importantly - on the methods of seeking and expressing the truth. The differences were expressed primarily in the fact that the proponents and defenders of the Soviet regime, which was based on their own established norms of Marxism-Leninism, fearlessly used all means of pressure on unwanted opponents. Professionals, however, who tried to understand the true sense of the historical process, the sense of judgments about it, especially the sense of the revolutionary struggle against the autocracy, unfolding at the beginning of the twentieth century, were forced to use the Aesopian language, which also provoked a distortion of this sense in many ways: due to the nebulous and veiled expressions, which give the impression of theoretical blackmail, causing such consequences as speech irresponsibility.

ISRAELI STUDIES AT THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PAGES OF HISTORY (THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Karasova ◽  
◽  
Andrey V. Fedorchenko ◽  
Dmitry A. Maryasis ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Political Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a historical overview of Israeli studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the first two decades of the 21st century. The paper demonstrates the main research fields and publications of the Department for the Study of Israel and Jewish Communities, as well as the list of its heads and research fellows. The article shows how, having successfully overcome the difficulties of the 1990s that were rather hard on Russian Academy as a whole, the staff of the Israeli Studies Department in their numerous publications, speeches at Russian and international academic forums tried to respond to the new challenges in a scholarly way. In the 2000s the number of works published on the history of relations between the USSR / Russia and Israel increased, and this trend continued in subsequent years. Access to the archives for the first time made it possible to analyze the formation and development of Soviet-Israeli relations before the break (in 1953). The department expanded the directions of its academic activity. Its topics included such directions as the study of the collective memory of Jews in modern Russia, cultural identity, cultural memory, religious and secular identity of Russian Jews, attitude towards disability and people with disabilities, study of youth communities in Israel, Russia and Europe, the impact of the US-Israeli relations on the US Jewish community. Development of basic methodology for researching the state of Jewish charity in Moscow was one of the new tasks for the fellows of the Department to solve. The novelty of the tasks also included new methodology of researching the economic and socio-political development of Israel using social networks data. The Department continued to study all aspects of the life of the State of Israel — economic, socio-political and cultural processes developing in the Israeli state, including new features in regional policy and the concept of Israeli security. At present, members of the department’s, in addition to their current activities, are implementing a number of promising projects aimed at strengthening the department’s position as the leading center of Israeli studies in the post-Soviet space.

Facing Historical Challenges: the Work of Soviet Philosophers During the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Chernyaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
State Identity ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Military

The Great Patriotic War was a decisive challenge not only for the military power and material and technical base of our country, but also for its spiritual, cultural and ideological foundations. Many Russian philosophers became participants in the hos­tilities, but the role of philosophers who continued scientific work was no less im­portant, the plans of which were adjusted and aimed at implementing projects re­lated to the strengthening of patriotism, the development of national identity, the revival of the classical forms of science and culture, consistent with historical heritage of Russia. This scientific work was in the context of the socio-cultural and spiritual processes that intensified in the USSR during the war and responded to the tasks of strengthening defense capability and the formation of a new socio-state identity. The main undertakings implemented in this connection by the Institute of Philosophy of the USSR Academy of Sciences were the development of the history of Russian philosophical thought and the creation of a new textbook of formal logic. These areas of research activity have shown their relevance in the light of the chal­lenges of wartime and prospects in terms of the long-term development of science.

ADZHIEL TRACT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LOCAL HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN AZOV REGION: KEY RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Sergey V. YARTSEV ◽  
Viktor G. ZUBAREV ◽  
Sergey L. SMEKALOV
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
History Of

The object of the research is the peculiarities of the historical process on the Kerch Peninsula in the context of the local history of one of its regions. The authors conduct a detailed study of the most inhabited region of the Crimean Azov region – the Adzhiel tract, located in the western part of the peninsula to the territory adjacent to the Kazantip Bay. This gully, which goes in the north-western and south-eastern direction, fences off a significant part of the Kerch peninsula and represents one of the natural protective boundaries of the Eastern Crimea. The subject of research is to reconstruct the historical picture of the area, to define the main results and prospects for further research. Relying on a wide range of sources, primarily on the archaeological material of their own perennial excavations in the specified area, with the use of the source analysis method, the authors consider the known facts and events of the ancient history of the Kerch Peninsula in a new way. The methodological basis of the work is objectivity and historicism, which contributed to conducting of unbiased research. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time on a wide material, the stages of the historical development of one of the regions of the Kerch Peninsula were highlighted and the actual directions for further research in this area were identified. Due to the abundance of water and fertile soil, the Adzhiel tract was almost always inhabited by people. However, the most intense events occurred in the tract in the era of the Bosporus kingdom, when a system of defensive fortifications of the western borders of the state functioned here. Perhaps this system was more complicated than it previously seemed. This is indicated by the remains of another, previously unknown tower discovered by the authors in 2018. Thus, the authors conclude that the further prospects of research in the Adzhiel tract are connected both with the detailed reconstruction of the defence system of the Bosporus on the western frontiers of the state and also with the continuation of the study of Christian antiquities, including medieval time, and the religious life of the population of the Khazar Khaganate.

scholarly journals The Defeat of Marc Macrinius Vindex. To the History of the Marcomannic Wars in the Middle Danube

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
S.M. Rubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Roman Army ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the military action of the Roman Empire in the Middle-Danube valley in the early spring 170 year 2-nd centuries A.D. The main aim of this article consists in reconstruction one of the important events in Roman wars against the Germans tribe marcomanni, who lived on the territory of modern-day Czechia (ancient Boygemia). The author uses the analytical and comparative methods, analyzing the historical works of Roman authors and epigraphic facts. One of the main new aspects of article consists in chronology of events. The author tries to prove that defeat of Roman army and death of praefectus Marc Macrinius Vindex took place at the same time in early spring 170 year 2-nd centuries A.D.. This defeat had the important influence on the other military operations in the next time. Marcomanni and his allies seriously threatened the Roman province of Pannonia situated on the right bank of the Danube. The emperor Marcus Aurelius (161 — 180 A.D) waged several wars against the marcomanni and their allies quadi in 167 — 180 A.D. In winter 169 A.D. Marcus Aurelius became the sole emperor. He came back in Carnuntum in Upper Pannonia and began to complete the army for the offensive against marcomanni. The legatus Augusti Marc Macrinius Avitus Catonius Vindex with vexillationes of five Pannonia's legions and a few auxiliums forced a crossing the Danube in the early spring 170 A.D. Marcomanni defeated the Roman army and killed the legatus Augusti. The Germans captivated many soldiers from legions and auxiliums, burned several war-camps in Upper and Lower Pannonias. They reached the borders of the North Italy and besieged the Aquileja again. The author comes to the conclusion, that in result of the defeat of Marc Macrinius Vindex the Roman troops in the Middle and Lower Danube stood on the defensive.

scholarly journals Доклад И.С. Гурвича по этнографии Якутии в архиве Академии наук

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Kiselev,
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Language Literature

The article provides information on the report by I.S. Gurvich “New Data on Ethnography of Northern Yakutia”, stored in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, presented at a meeting of the Institute of Ethnography of the USSR Academy of Sciences on April 26, 1955. The report contains information about expeditions of the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Yakut Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1953-1954. The expeditions aimed to study the composition of the population, life and culture of the peoples living in the basins of the Yana and Lower Lena rivers (Verkhoyansk, Ust-Yansky, Berizinsky, Zhigansky regions). As a result of a wide continuous ethnographic survey, it was possible not only to collect material for an ethnographic map of the northern regions of Yakutia and to further elaborate ethnic statistics for a number of regions, but also to identify areas of settlement of specific ethnic groups. The scientist managed to collect sufficient material to characterize the process of national consolidation, which was extremely intensive in the north of Yakutia. He noted that in reality the historical process in the North was still going on and had its own specificity, and "the task of Soviet historians and ethnographers is to reveal the essence of these processes, since there is still no connected history of the peoples of the North".

scholarly journals The current state of the collection fund of the Laboratory of Ornamental Plants of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the main criteria for the formation of large collections in it’s composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Бондорина ◽  
А.В. Кабанов ◽  
Н.А. Мамаева ◽  
Ю.А. Хохлачева
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Meadow Species ◽  
Selection Of

Коллекционный фонд лаборатории декоративных растений (ЛДР) ГБС РАН существует с 1947 г. В настоящее время в его состав входят декоративные многолетники из 221 рода и 57 семейств (1039 видов и разновидностей, а также 5047 сортов и садовых форм). Современная политика формирования коллекций в основном направлена на создание крупных и/или оригинальных собраний. Цель представленной работы состоит в изучении количественных и качественных характеристик современного коллекционного фонда лаборатории декоративных растений ГБС РАН, а также структурных особенностей крупных коллекций в его составе. В интродукционных исследованиях наиболее широко использованы эколого-фитоценотический метод и метод родовых комплексов. В структуре видовой части коллекционного фонда ЛДР доминируют представители флор Европы, Азии и Северной Америки, так как эти регионы традиционно считаются наиболее перспективными донорами материала для интродукции декоративных растений. Преобладающими экологическими группами в его составе являются лесные, степные и луговые виды. При формировании сортовых коллекций реализованы различные подходы. Отечественные селекционные достижения доминируют в коллекциях Syringa, Lilium и Phlox. На создание выборки зарубежных сортов, представляющих историю селекции культуры, сориентирована коллекция рода Paeonia. История селекции культуры в СССР наиболее полно представлена на базе коллекции Clematis. Основные этапы микроэволюционного развития культуры продемонстрированы на примере родов Astilbe и Iris. Аспект сохранения ретро-сортов наиболее полно реализован на коллекции Hemerocallis. Подбор перспективного для условий региона сортимента – основное направление расширения коллекции рода Rosa. Аспект отбора наиболее перспективных раннецветущих сортов у культур с поздними сроками цветения наиболее успешно реализован для Dendranthema и Symphyotrichum. На подбор перспективного для условий средней полосы России ассортимента, отражающего морфобиологическое разнообразие культуры, сориентированы коллекции Hosta и Tulipa. Для целей селекции используются ресурсы коллекций Dahlia, Astilbe и Iris. Collection fund of the Laboratory of Ornamental Plants (LOP) MBG RAS has been in existence since 1947. Currently, it includes ornamental perennials from 221 genera and 57 families (1039 species and varieties, as well as 5047 varieties and garden forms). The current policy of forming collections is mainly aimed at creating large and/or original collections. The purpose of the present work is to study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the modern collection fund LOP MBG RAS, as well as the structural features of large collections in its composition. The most widely used methods in the introduction studies are the ecological-phytocenotic method and the method of generic complexes. The structure of the species part of the collection fund of the LOP is dominated by representatives of the flora of Europe, Asia and North America, since these regions are traditionally considered the most promising donors of material for the introduction of ornamental plants. The predominant ecological groups in its composition are forest, steppe and meadow species. When forming varietal collections, various approaches are implemented. Domestic breeding achievements dominate the Syringa, Lilium and Phlox collections. The collection of the genus Paeonia is aimed at creating a sample of foreign varieties that represent the history of culture selection. The history of culture selection in the USSR is most fully presented on the basis of the Clematis collection. The main stages of microevolutionary development of culture are demonstrated by the example of the genera Astilbe and Iris. The aspect of preserving retro varieties is most fully implemented on the Hemerocallis collection. The selection of a promising assortment for the conditions of the region is the main direction of expanding the collection of the genus Rosa. The aspect of selecting the most promising early-flowering varieties in crops with late flowering dates is most successfully implemented for Dendranthema and Symphyotrichum. The Hosta and Tulipa collections are focused on the selection of a range that is promising for the conditions of the central part of Russia, reflecting the morphobiological diversity of the culture. For breeding purposes, the resources of the Dahlia, Astilbe, and Iris collections are used.

scholarly journals NEW CHRONOSTRATIC SCHEME OF SOUTH-EASTERN FENNOSCANDIA AND ITS USE IN THE PREPARATION OF SMALL-SCALE GEOLOGICAL MAPS OF THE PRECAMBRIAN REGIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
V. S. Kulikov ◽  
V. V. Kulikova ◽  
A. K. Polin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

A new chronostratic scheme of South-East (SE) Fennoscandia has been developed, based on the International Stratigraphie Scale, taking into account some elements of the Common Stratigraphic Scale of Russia and the regional stratigraphic scheme of the North-West (NW) of Russian Federation. A rank of Archean and Proterozoic stratons has been determined (including supersystems for Riphean and Archean geonotems), compatable in dutation to the Phanerozoic systems (Mesozoic and Paleozoic ones). An original coloring for the geological maps of the newly allocated systems and their analogues in the Precambrian, as well as the digital indexing of all stratons of the rank of systems instead of the traditional alphabetic one, have been proposed. Based on the extensive geological materials of the Institute of Geology of Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in view of the new approaches and reliable geochronological data, an areal geological map of SE Fennoscandia in scale 1: 750 000 has been created, which includes the territory of Karelia and adjacent areas of the Russian Federation and eastern Finland. The proposed chronostratic scheme can serve as a basis for developing legends of small-scale state geological maps of the new generation, especially in the regions of the Precambrian development.

scholarly journals A BRIEF HISTORY OF CREATION AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SERVICE IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA (to the 80th anniversary of E. V. Pogoda and the 20th anniversary of the North Ossetian Branch of the Federal Research Centre of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Саяпина ◽  
С.С. Багаева ◽  
С.В. Горожанцев
Keyword(s):  
Research Centre ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
North Ossetia

В статье приводятся сведения, обосновывающие необходимость проведения сейсмологического мониторинга в Северной Осетии, как одном из сейсмоопасных регионов Российской Федерации. Описаны истоки, создание, этапы развития сейсмологической службы, участие в этом процессе известных ученых в области геофизических исследований. Дан краткий анализ технико-технологического состояния сейсмологической сети, результатов исследований, отмечена важность и необходимость дальнейшего развития сети СОФ ФИЦ ЕГС РАН в составе Федеральной системы сейсмологических наблюдений. The article provides information inderlining the necessity of conducting seismological monitoring in North Ossetia, as one of the earthquake-prone regions of the Russian Federation. Describes the sources, creation, stages of development of the seismological service, participation of well-known scientists in the fi eld of geophysical studies. A brief analysis of the technical and technological state of the seismological network is given, the importance and the need of further development of the NOB FRC GS RAS network within the Federal System of Seismological Observations.

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