scholarly journals ¿Qué nos pueden enseñar los antiguos? Instrucción y conocimiento en la Grecia y China antiguas / What Can the Ancients Teach Us? Instruction and Knowledge in Ancient Greece and China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Guarde-Paz

ABSTRACTThe pedagogical crisis that the West faces today, so brilliantly foreseen by Hannah Arendt in this essay “The Crisis in Education”, is now confirmed by all those educators who must confront daily the result of diluting pedagogical standards and the loss of moral and professional authority. Education is essential in defining a country’s quality of life and, therefore, a crisis in education is also a crisis in all spheres, including social, financial and, last but not least, political. The present paper seeks to explore, through two different models –Greece and China–, how education and knowledge were understood in antiquity and to what extend classical philosophers can still teach us, with common sense, how to deal with such methodological problems. Using a comparative approach, we will analyze Greek theories of knowledge and epistemological and pedagogical issues in classical and early medieval Confucianism, emphasizing their strategies to defend against relativism, opinion and empty accumulation of wisdom, and to advocate truth and scientific and meticulous selection of knowledge. Finally, we will stress the urging necessity of recovering our classical heritage in order to properly improve educational standards.RESUMENLa actual crisis pedagógica que vive Occidente, constatada por todos aquellos educadores que deben enfrentarse diariamente a unos estándares cada vez más bajos y al consecuente perjuicio en lo que a la autoridad del profesorado se refiere, fue ya profetizada en su momento por Hannah Arendt (“The Crisis in Education”). La educación es uno de los factores más importantes para definir la calidad de vida de un país y, desde esta perspectiva, una crisis educativa es una crisis en todos los ámbitos sociales, económicos y, en última instancia, políticos. El presente artículo intenta exponer cómo la educación y el conocimiento fueron concebidos en la antigüedad a través de dos modelos, Grecia y China, para mostrar así en qué medida los autores clásicos pueden todavía enseñarnos con sentido común a afrontar los problemas metodológicos actuales. Mediante una exposición comparativa, se analizarán las teorías clásicas griegas, así como la epistemología y pedagogía en el confucianismo clásico y tempranomedieval, destacando cómo estos autores confrontaron relativismo, opinión y acumulación vacía de conoci-miento, frente a la búsqueda de la verdad y la selección cuidadosa y científica de saber. En última instancia, destacaremos la necesidad de recuperar nuestra tradición clásica para mantener un nivel educativo adecuado.

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 882-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Abramitzky ◽  
Fabio Braggion

When contracting, European merchants could at least partially observe characteristics such as the health, physical strength, and education of indentured servants. These characteristics, unobservable to us, were likely to influence servitude duration, which is observable to us. We employ a switching regression model to analyze 2,066 servitude contracts from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Servants were positively selected to American mainland colonies in terms of their unobservable human capital and negatively selected to the West Indies. Thus, the relative quality of migrants' human capital may have played a role in the subsequent relative economic performance of these regions.


Author(s):  
Alejandro Canedo García ◽  
Jesús Nicasio García Sánchez

RESUMENEl éxito del devenir de nuestras comunidades dependerá en gran medida de cómo nuestra sociedad organice el aprendizaje, integre el conocimiento, y promueva la sabiduría colectiva y la acción a través de las generaciones. Tanto es así, que el principal objetivo de esta comunicación es el de revisar diferentes estudios del campo intergeneracional, cuyo análisis nos permita determinar qué intervenciones poseen mayor rigor y control, de cara a ser implementadas o actuar como base durante el desarrollo de futuros programas. Para ello, hemos llevado a cabo la búsqueda y selección de aquellos artículos publicados durante los últimos 5 años, que han sido recogidos por las principales revistas arbitradas e indexadas. La gran mayoría de los estudios revisados se centran en el ámbito de la educación o la salud, contribuyendo a una mejora del comportamiento social y de la calidad de vida de los participantes. No obstante, debido a que se obvian otras muchas variables y aspectos fundamentales de toda relación intergeneracional, y dado que se han encontrado importantes sesgos y diferencias en la metodología y forma de proceder de los diferentes estudios, creemos oportuno continuar con esta labor de investigación. Durante la realización de este estudio hemos sido beneficiarios de una de las ayudas destinadas a financiar la contratación predoctoral de personal investigador, concedida a A. Canedo por la JCyL, cofinanciada por el Fondo Social Europeo, y dirigida por J. N. García (EDU/1083/2013, 2013).Palabras Clave: relaciones intergeneracionales, programas intergeneracionales, educación intergeneracional.  INTERGENERATIONAL SCIENTIFICALLY BASED INTERVENTIONSABSTRACTThe success of the future of our communities depends largely on how our society organizes learning, integrates knowledge, and promotes collective wisdom and action through the generations. So much so, that the main objective of this paper is to review different studies of intergenerational field, whose analysis will allow us to determine which interventions have a greater rigor and control, in order to be implemented or act as a basis for the development of future programs. To do this, we have carried out the search and selection of those articles published over the last five years, which have been collected by major refereed and indexed journals. The vast majority of the studies reviewed focus on education or health, contributing to improve social behavior and quality of life of the participants. However, as many variables and fundamental aspects of any intergenerational relationship have been obviated, and given that there are significant biases and differences in methodology and procedures from different studies, we wish to continue this research. During this study we have been recipients of an aid to finance the hiring predoctoral research staff, issued to A. Canedo by JCyL, co-financed by the European Social Fund, and led by JN García (EDU / 1083/2013 , 2013).Keywords: intergenerational relations, intergenerational programs, intergenerational education.


Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Elvia Valencia Medina ◽  
Zoila Barreno Salinas ◽  
Felix Chenche Muñoz

Este trabajo tiene el propósito analizar de manera crítica la pertinencia de la etnografía como alternativa de trabajo de titulación de grado, lo cual está contemplado en el Reglamento de Régimen Académico 2013, emitido por el Consejo de Educación Superior, CES. La selección de la etnografía como método de trabajo investigativo, permitirá a los estudiantes fortalecer las habilidades investigativas y desarrollar sus competencias en contextos reales de servicio a la comunidad. La propuesta tiene como antecedente experiencias de investigación cualitativa aplicada en Proyectos Académicos Institucionales realizados en sectores vulnerables del cantón Milagro, Ecuador, en los años 2012 y 2013. Se aplicaron técnicas como la observación participante, entrevista informal y análisis de documentos, técnicas que van de la mano con la etnografía. El propósito principal fue establecer las causas de la escasa participación de los pobladores y su nivel de involucramiento en el proceso educativo de sus hijos, vinculado a una necesidad de incidir el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa y la calidad de vida. Con la experiencia investigativa y el conocimiento del marco legal se aspira demostrar la factibilidad de intervención de la etnografía en problemas socioeducativos, y su factible utilización como una alternativa de titulación de Grado en Carreras de Educación. AbstractThis paper aims to critically analyze the relevance of ethnography as an alternative work for degree qualification, which is referred to in the Regulation of the Academic Regime 2013, issued by the Higher Education Council, CES. The selection of ethnography as a method of research work will enable students to strengthen the research skills and develop their skills in real contexts of community service. The proposal has been preceded by experiences of qualitative research that were conducted in Institutional Academic Projects in vulnerable sectors of Milagro city, Ecuador, in 2012 and 2013. In that draft some techniques were applied such as participant observation, informal interview, and document analysis, these techniques go hand in hand with ethnography. The main purpose was to establish the causes of the low participation of people and their level of involvement in the educational process of their children, linked to a need to influence the improvement of the educational quality and quality of life. With research expertise and knowledge of the legal framework, it is expected to demonstrate the feasibility of intervention ethnography in socio-educational problems and the possible use as an alternative for Degree qualification in Education.


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
M. G. Shcherbakovskiy

The article discusses the reasonsfor an expert to participate in legal proceedings. The gnoseological reason for that consists of the bad quality of materials subject to examination that renders the examination either completely impossible or compromises objective, reasoned and reliable assessment of the findings. The procedural reason consists ofa proscription for an expert to collect evidence himself or herself. The author investigates into the ways of how an expert can participate in legal proceedings. If the defense invites an expert to participate in the proceedings, then it is recommended that his or her involvement should be in the presence of attesting witnesses and recorded in the protocol. In the course of the legal proceedings an expert has the following tasks: adding initial data, acquiring new initial data, understanding the situation of the incident, acquiring new objects to be studied, including samples for examination. An expert’s participation in legal proceedings differs from the participation of a specialist or an examination on the scene of the incident. The author describes the tasks that an expert solves in the course of legal proceedings, the peculiarities ofan investigation experiment practices, the selection of samples for an examination, inspection, interrogation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Rabbai San Arif ◽  
Yuli Fitrisia ◽  
Agus Urip Ari Wibowo

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a telecommunications technology that is able to pass the communication service in Internet Protocol networks so as to allow communicating between users in an IP network. However VoIP technology still has weakness in the Quality of Service (QoS). VOPI weaknesses is affected by the selection of the physical servers used. In this research, VoIP is configured on Linux operating system with Asterisk as VoIP application server and integrated on a Raspberry Pi by using wired and wireless network as the transmission medium. Because of depletion of IPv4 capacity that can be used on the network, it needs to be applied to VoIP system using the IPv6 network protocol with supports devices. The test results by using a wired transmission medium that has obtained are the average delay is 117.851 ms, jitter is 5.796 ms, packet loss is 0.38%, throughput is 962.861 kbps, 8.33% of CPU usage and 59.33% of memory usage. The analysis shows that the wired transmission media is better than the wireless transmission media and wireless-wired.


Author(s):  
Fahmi Yunistyawan ◽  
Yunistyawan J Berchmans ◽  
Gembong Baskoro

This study implements the auto start control system on an electric motor 3 phase C4Feeding pump when the discharge pressure is low-low (4.3 kg /cm²). The C4 feeding pumpmotor was initially manually operated from the local control station, this was very ineffectiveand inefficient because it still relied on the field operator to operate the pump motor and whenthe plant was in normal operating it is very risk if the field operator late to operate motor then itwill impact to quality of the product, and if the delay time to operate motor is too long then planthave to shut down, therefore improvement is needed in the C4 feeding pump motor controlsystem. In this paper, various types of 3-phase motor control are explained which allow it to beapplied to the C4 feeding pump motor that are on-off, inverter, and variable speed drive andefficient selection of the three systems control of the motor. Software and hardware used in thisthesis work are DCS CENTUM VP Yokogawa.


Moreana ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (Number 149) (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio M. Olivares Merino
Keyword(s):  

The recent reprinting of Álvaro de Silva’s 1998 edition of a selection of More’s letters prompts the author to examine the subject of Spanish translations of More, and of de Silva’s general commentary on More’s correspondence and on his relationship to other humanists. The author reflects on aspects of More’s personality as exposed in his letters and uses what he finds as a corrective to several biographical misconceptions. He points out the strengths and weaknesses of de Silva’s work and compares it with that of other translators, particularly Elizabeth Rogers, and notes the particularly Spanish quality of de Silva’s edition.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.


2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Vaia Touna

This paper argues that the rise of what is commonly termed "personal religion" during the Classic-Hellenistic period is not the result of an inner need or even quality of the self, as often argued by those who see in ancient Greece foreshadowing of Christianity, but rather was the result of social, economic, and political conditions that made it possible for Hellenistic Greeks to redefine the perception of the individual and its relationship to others.


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