scholarly journals Programa de apoio à vida (PRAVIDA): integrando pesquisa, intervenção e ensino para a prevenção do suicídio / Program to Support Life (PRAVIDA): Integrating Research, Intervention and Education for Suicide Prevention

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Ribeiro Pinho de Sousa ◽  
Barbara Carvalho de Souza ◽  
José Mourão de Aquino Neto ◽  
Maria Hortencia Ribeiro Gomes ◽  
Inis Stella Lacerda Borges de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
World Health ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapeutic Assistance ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACTSuicide constitutes an important global public health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that global suicide mortality increased about 60% in the last 45 years. In Brazil, the suicide rate increased 29.5% from 1980 to 2006. Among all 27 Brazilian states, Ceará occupies the 9th position in rates of suicide and Fortaleza, its state capital, had the 4th highest suicide rate among Brazilian capitals, between entre 2004 and 2006. The aim of PRAVIDA (Programa de apoio à vida - Program to support life) is to prevent suicide through therapeutic assistance, dissemination of information and research about suicide. PRAVIDA was created in Fortaleza (CE), in 2004. This program is part of the Federal University of Ceará constitute by medical doctors, professors of psychiatry and psychology, as well as students undergraduates of medicine and psychology. The objective of this work is to present the pioneering experience of PRAVIDA regarding the therapeutic care of patients with suicidal ideation or attempted suicide, as well as to present other suicide prevention strategies used in the program. PRAVIDA follow up subjects for at least three months - 345 people with a history of suicide attempts we followed from 2010 to 2013. No cases of suicide occurred during this thee month period. Furthermore, there is a need of expansion of the program activities in other institutions to allow for a more representative range of their interventions in the city of Fortaleza. Therefore, PRAVIDA intends to establish partnerships to facilitate new strategies to prevent suicide and improve the knowledge on the topic, stimulating appreciation of life, the host and the listening subject who seek medical treatment in the program.RESUMOO suicídio constitui um importante problema de saúde pública no mundo. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estima que a mortalidade global de suicídio aumentou cerca de 60% nos últimos 45 anos. No Brasil, a taxa de suicídio cresceu 29,5% entre 1980 e 2006. Entre os 27 estados brasileiros, o Ceará ocupa a 9ª posição nos índices de suicídio, e Fortaleza, capital do estado, teve a 4ª maior taxa de suicídio entre as capitais brasileiras, entre 2004 e 2006. O objetivo do PRAVIDA (Programa de Apoio à Vida) é prevenir o suicídio por meio de assistência terapêutica, divulgação de informações e pesquisas sobre o tema. O PRAVIDA foi criado em Fortaleza (CE), em 2004, e faz parte da Universidade Federal do Ceará, sendo constituído por médicos, professores de psiquiatria e psicologia, bem como alunos de graduação de medicina e psicologia. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a experiência pioneira de PRAVIDA sobre o cuidado terapêutico de pacientes com ideação suicida ou tentativa de suicídio, além de apresentar outras estratégias utilizadas no programa. O PRAVIDA acompanhou, por no mínimo três meses, 345 pessoas com histórico de tentativa de suicídio de 2010 a 2013, não ocorrendo casos de suicídio durante esse período. Existe ainda a necessidade de expansão das atividades do programa em outras instituições para permitir uma ação mais representativa na cidade de Fortaleza. Portanto, o PRAVIDA pretende estabelecer parcerias para facilitar novas estratégias de prevenção do suicídio e melhorar o conhecimento sobre o tema, estimulando a valorização da vida, o acolhimento e a escuta do sujeito que busca atendimento no Programa.

Prevention of mental ill-health and suicide: Public health perspectives

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Hoven ◽  
D.J. Mandell ◽  
J.M. Bertolote
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Current State ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates for the year 2020, approximately 1.5 million people will commit suicide, and at least 10 times that many will make an attempt. This paper offers a brief overview of the current state of the epidemiology of suicide, a burgeoning public health problem. The information provided is based in large measure on reports of suicide mortality from 130/193 countries. In order to contextualize these data, this paper explores the contribution of both individual and sociocultural factors that influence suicidal behavior, from which much has been learned. Outlining the history of attempts by international and national organizations like WHO, United Nations, member states in the European community and other countries to regularize identification and suicide reporting procedures, this paper also demonstrates that serious knowledge gaps remain. Minimal requirements for successful evidence-based interventions are presented.

scholarly journals Gender differences in suicide in Serbia within the period 2006-2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Dedic
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
Male Population ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

Background/Aim. The complex multifactorial etiology of suicide suggests the need to consider gender differences when developing effective strategies for suicide prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the suicide rates and/or trends obtained for population as a whole, including gender differences in cases of committed suicide and to consider factors (age groups, education, employment, marital status, nationality and methods) associated with it in Serbia within the period 2006-2010. Methods. Data were obtained from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Their classification related to the suicide method was carried out on the basis of ICD-X Code, WHO 1992 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th revision, World Health Organization). Statistical analysis was done by using the crude specific suicide rate. Results. Within the period 2006-2010 the total number of suicides in Serbia was 6,673, of which 71.9% were males and 28.1% females (male to female suicide ratio 2.56 : 1). Their average rate was 18.15 per 100,000 persons, namely, 26.85 per 100,000 for males and 9.92 per 100,000 for females. Suicide was most often committed by married males and females with high school education, retired, by the Serbs. The suicide rate in Serbia increased paralelly with the age of suicide committers and it was the highest in subjects of both genders aged over 75 years. The most common suicide method in males (62.78%) and in females (58.38%) was hanging and strangling. The second most common method in males was by firearm (18.65%) and in females poisoning (19.26%). Conclusions. Suicide prevention Programme should be primarily oriented toward the male population because it is more exposed to stress in the period of social transition, but males are still less ready to ask for doctor's help when having some problems with mental health.

scholarly journals The history of the neglected tropical disease movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
David H Molyneux ◽  
Anarfi Asamoa-Bah ◽  
Alan Fenwick ◽  
Lorenzo Savioli ◽  
Peter Hotez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Tropical Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The history of the neglected tropical disease movement is seen through the lens of authors who worked during the last 4 decades in different roles and in different settings, from Western-based laboratories to clinical roles in endemic countries and in critical policy roles in the World Health Organization (WHO). The authors seek to identify key players from the introduction of the word ‘neglected’ by the late Kenneth Warren in his Rockefeller Foundation–supported Great Neglected Diseases of Mankind movement through to the more recent developments after the London Declaration of 2012. The role of the various actors—endemic countries, major pharmaceutical companies, the WHO, non-government development organizations, bilateral donors and academia—are discussed. The critical events and decisions are highlighted that were essential enabling factors in creating a viable and successful movement and with a resultant massive global public health and antipoverty impact. The importance of advocacy is emphasized in creating the momentum to establish a globally recognized public health ‘brand’ as a target in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Suicide Prevention Through Online Gatekeeping Using Search Advertising Techniques

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki ◽  
Jiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consultation Service ◽  
Search Advertising ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Nurturing gatekeepers is an effective suicide prevention strategy. Internet-based methods to screen those at high risk of suicide have been developed in recent years but have not been used for online gatekeeping. Aims: A preliminary study was conducted to examine the feasibility and effects of online gatekeeping. Method: Advertisements to promote e-mail psychological consultation service use among Internet users were placed on web pages identified by searches using suicide-related keywords. We replied to all emails received between July and December 2013 and analyzed their contents. Results: A total of 139 consultation service users were analyzed. The mean age was 23.8 years (SD = 9.7), and female users accounted for 80% of the sample. Suicidal ideation was present in 74.1%, and 12.2% had a history of suicide attempts. After consultation, positive changes in mood were observed in 10.8%, 16.5% showed intentions to seek help from new supporters, and 10.1% of all 139 users actually took help-seeking actions. Conclusion: Online gatekeeping to prevent suicide by placing advertisements on web search pages to promote consultation service use among Internet users with suicidal ideation may be feasible.

Organization of restrictive quarantine measures to prevent especially dangerous infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Petr Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Health Regulations

Especially dangerous infections (EDIs) belong to the conditionally labelled group of infectious diseases that pose an exceptional epidemic threat. They are highly contagious, rapidly spreading and capable of affecting wide sections of the population in the shortest possible time, they are characterized by the severity of clinical symptoms and high mortality rates. At the present stage, the term "especially dangerous infections" is used only in the territory of the countries of the former USSR, all over the world this concept is defined as "infectious diseases that pose an extreme threat to public health on an international scale." Over the entire history of human development, more people have died as a result of epidemics and pandemics than in all wars combined. The list of especially dangerous infections and measures to prevent their spread were fixed in the International Health Regulations (IHR), adopted at the 22nd session of the WHO's World Health Assembly on July 26, 1969. In 1970, at the 23rd session of the WHO's Assembly, typhus and relapsing fever were excluded from the list of quarantine infections. As amended in 1981, the list included only three diseases represented by plague, cholera and anthrax. However, now annual additions of new infections endemic to different parts of the earth to this list take place. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has already included more than 100 diseases in the list of especially dangerous infections.

Gambaran Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Ca Serviks Dan Perilaku Pencegahan Ca Serviks Di Sma Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Kurniati Yuni Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT   According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every two minutes a woman dies of cervical cancer in develoving countries. In Indonesia, new cases of cervical cancer is 40-45 cases of day. It is estimated every hour, a women died of cervical center. At the general hospital center Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, the incidence of women who had cervical cancer incidence year 2011 women who had cervical cancer incidence are 34 people (48,2%). The following factors increase the chance of cervical cancer in women is infection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), sexsual behavior, family history of cervical cancer, age, mechanism of how oral contraceptives, smoking, income or socioeconomic status, race , unhealthy diet, the cell abnormal, parity, use of the drug DES (Dietilsbestrol), and birth control pills. The purpose of this study is known of adolescents about cervical cancer in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang year 2016. This study used Analytic Survey with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all young women students in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang with the number of 171 respondents. The results showed there were 171 respondents (37.5%) of respondents were knowledgeable, and (62.52%) of respondents who are knowledgeable unfavorable. These results indicate that knowledgeable either less than those less knowledgeable in both the SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Year 2016. From these results, it is expected that more teens can know about cervical cancer so that it can add a lot of insight and knowledge.     ABSTRAK   Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO), setiap dua menit wanita meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks dinegara berkembang. Di Indonesia, kasus baru kanker serviks 40-45 kasus perhari. Di perkirakan setiap satu jam, seorang perempuan meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks. Di rumah sakit umum pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian ibu yang mengalami kanker serviks pada tahun 2011 ibu yang mengalami kejadian kanker serviks terdapat 34 orang (48,2%). Faktor-faktor berikut meningkat kan peluang kanker serviks pada wanita yaitu infeksi Human Papiloma virus (HPV), perilaku seks, riwayat keluarga kanker serviks, umur ,mekanisme bagaimana kontrasepsi peroral, merokok, pendapatan atau status social ekonomi, ras, diet tidak sehat, adanya sel abnormal, paritas, menggunakan obat DES (Dietilsbestrol),dan pil KB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya pengetahuan remaja tentang Ca Cerviks di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey  analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswi remaja putri di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang dengan jumlah 171 responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 171 responden terdapat(37.5 %) responden yang berpengetahuan baik, dan (62.52  %) responden yang berpengetahuan kurang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yang berpengetahuan baik lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan  yang berpengetahuan kurang baik di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Dari hasil penelitian ini, Diharapkan remaja bisa lebih banyak mengetahui tentang caserviks sehingga dapat menambah banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan.    

Antimicrobial peptides for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, allies or foes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1138-1147
Author(s):  
Bruno Rivas-Santiago ◽  
Flor Torres-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that has become a serious public health issue in recent years, although increasing incidence has been controlled, deaths caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been accentuated due to the emerging of multi-drug resistant strains and the comorbidity with diabetes mellitus and HIV. This situation is threatening the goals of World Health Organization (WHO) to eradicate tuberculosis in 2035. WHO has called for the creation of new drugs as an alternative for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, among the plausible molecules that can be used are the Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). These peptides have demonstrated remarkable efficacy to kill mycobacteria in vitro and in vivo in experimental models, nevertheless, these peptides not only have antimicrobial activity but also have a wide variety of functions such as angiogenesis, wound healing, immunomodulation and other well-described roles into the human physiology. Therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis using AMPs must be well thought prior to their clinical use; evaluating comorbidities, family history and risk factors to other diseases, since the wide function of AMPs, they could lead to collateral undesirable effects.

A Review of Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques for Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitigya Sambyal ◽  
Poonam Saini ◽  
Rupali Syal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Health Organization

Background and Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that has emerged as a serious public health issue worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), without interventions, the number of diabetic incidences is expected to be at least 629 million by 2045. Uncontrolled diabetes gradually leads to progressive damage to eyes, heart, kidneys, blood vessels and nerves. Method: The paper presents a critical review of existing statistical and Artificial Intelligence (AI) based machine learning techniques with respect to DM complications namely retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. The statistical and machine learning analytic techniques are used to structure the subsequent content review. Result: It has been inferred that statistical analysis can help only in inferential and descriptive analysis whereas, AI based machine learning models can even provide actionable prediction models for faster and accurate diagnose of complications associated with DM. Conclusion: The integration of AI based analytics techniques like machine learning and deep learning in clinical medicine will result in improved disease management through faster disease detection and cost reduction for disease treatment.

scholarly journals Secular Trends of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3302
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dereń ◽  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Serhiy Nyankovskyy ◽  
Olena Nyankovska ◽  
Marta Yatsula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Obesity In Children

Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight in children and adolescents, pose a significant public health issue. This study aimed to investigate the secular trend of the incidence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in children from Ukraine in 2013/2014 and 2018/2019. The studies were conducted in randomly selected primary and secondary schools in Ukraine. In total, 13,447 children (6468 boys and 6979 girls) participated in the study in 2013/2014 and 18,144 children (8717 boys and 9427 girls) participated in 2018/2019. Measurements of body weight and height were performed in triplicate. Underweight, overweight, and obesity were diagnosed according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the group of girls, a significant difference between 2013/2014 and 2018/2019 measurements was found only among 7-year-olds. The percentage of girls at this age exceeding the body mass index (BMI) norm was lower in the 2018/2019 study. In boys, a significant difference was also found in 7-year-olds, and, as in girls, a lower share of overweight and obesity was found in 2018/2019. But for the ages of 12, 13, and 15, the significant differences had a different character—more overweight or obese boys were found in the 2018/2019 study. The proportion of underweight children was similar for the majority of age groups in both genders and did not differ in a statistically significant way.

scholarly journals World Health Report on Vision: Aging Implications for Global Vision and Eye Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 807-808
Author(s):  
Bonnielin Swenor ◽  
Varshini Varadaraj ◽  
Moon Jeong Lee ◽  
Heather Whitson ◽  
Pradeep Ramulu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Report ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract In 2019, the World Health Organization World Report on Vision estimated that that 2.2 billion people have a vision impairment, of which almost half could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed. As the global population ages and the prevalence of visual impairment increases, inequities in eye care and the downstream health and aging consequences of vision loss will become magnified. This session will: (1) provide key information regarding the burden of eye disease and visual impairment among older adults worldwide; (2) outline a framework created to conceptualize the aging and long-term health implications of vision loss, and (3) discuss the global public health challenges to eye care and to maximizing health for older adults with visual impairments.

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