scholarly journals Pathophysiological justification of the use of photodynamic therapy in the initial stage of squamous cell skin cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Vladimir Masljakov ◽  
Dmitry Grebnev ◽  
Larisa Kim
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Initial Stage

The work is based on an analysis of the course of the disease in 185 patients with squamous cell skin cancer. The study program included studies in three major groups. The first included 74 (40%) patients who underwent combined treatment: an operation involving widespread excision of a tumor under intravenous anesthesia + photodynamic therapy (group 1). The second group was 111 (60%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin who received only operative treatment. To control and compare the obtained laboratory indicators, a second group was created, which included patients without established pathology. This group included 17 people who voluntarily agreed to conduct the study. The study traced the dynamics of changes in hemostasis scores and metalloproteinases in the two groups being compared. In the group of patients with squamous cell skin cancer, there was a statistically significant decrease in the metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor index, which led to an increase in all metalloproteinase-2, -7 and -9 indicators. Performing surgical treatment did not lead to correction of these indicators, both in the near and distant periods after treatment. The mechanism of influence of photodynamic therapy in squamous cell skin cancer can be characterized as follows: there is a decrease in the inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which leads to an increase in matrix metalloproteinases-2, -7 and -9 in the blood, as a result of damage to the endothelium of the vascular wall, which is confirmed by an increase in endothelin, this, in turn, led to the development of vasoconstriction and increased procoagulant activity The use of photodynamic therapy restores the index of metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor, this leads to the restoration of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -7 and -9 in the blood and the prevention of damage to the vascular wall. Comprehensive treatment of patients with squamous cell skin cancer in the initial stage of the disease should include photodynamic therapy with simultaneous intravenous blood irradiation, laser tumor training, and then surgical treatment, consisting in excision of the tumor with observance of oncological principles.

Effectiveness of the curative complex consisting of photodynamic therapy, intravenous laser irradiation and local laser irradiation aimed at correcting hemostatic parameters at the initial stages of squamous cell skin cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
V. V. Maslyakov ◽  
O. N. Pavlova ◽  
L. M. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Group I ◽  
Laser Blood Irradiation ◽  
Increased Activity

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of curative complex consisting of photodynamic therapy (PDT) + intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) + local tumor irradiation (TR) at hemostatic parameters at the initial stages of squamous cell skin cancer (SCSC).Material and methods. The present work analyzes SCSC course in 185 patients who had outpatient and inpatient treatment in medical institutions of cities Engels and Saratov in 2015–2019. 129 (69.7%) males and 56 females (31.2%). Patients were divided into three groups. Group I – 74 (40%) patients who had combined treatment: surgery with wide tumor excision under intravenous anesthesia + PDT + ILBI + TR; Group II – 111 (60%) patients who had only surgical treatment. Group III was created for controlling and comparing the obtained laboratory parameters; it included 17 patients without established pathology.Results. It was found out that hemostatic disorders in SCSC are characterized by increased activity of AT III and vWF and by simultaneous decrease of tPA-PAI-1 complex as well as by increased activity of VIIIa factor and resistance of Va factor – indices which indicate dysfunction of endothelial vascular wall. Combination of PDT + ILBI + TR prior to surgical treatment in patients with squamous cell skin cancer at the initial stages of the disease allow to normalize homeostatic indices and reduce the number of complications.Conclusion. 1. Squamous cell skin cancer at the initial stages changes the hemostatic system. 2. Effects of SCSC mechanism may be characterized as follows: damage of the endothelium vascular wall which is confirmed by endothelin increase; it results in vasoconstriction and increased blood procoagulant activity and, ultimately, in changes of hemostatic parameters. 3. Combination of PDT + ILBI + TR applied before surgery in patients with squamous cell skin cancer at the initial stages of the disease normalizes homeostatic indices and reduces the number of complications.

scholarly journals Prospects of Chemotherapy for Gastrointestential Stromal Colon Tumours

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
A. R. Mukhamediyarov ◽  
L. I. Bashirova ◽  
A. I. Maksyutova ◽  
A. T. Gattarova
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours ◽  
Initial Stage

Gastrointetinal stromal tumours are the most common primary mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. According to statistical data, the annual incidence of this pathology in Russia comprises 13 patients per 1 million inhabitants, i.e. about 2,000 patients per year on average. In the United States, 3,000–4,000 cases are registered every year. This article discusses general and specific issues associated with morbidity and mortality from gastrointestinal stromal tumours, as well as reasons for the low efficacy of surgical and targeted therapies. Methods for combined treatment of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours are proposed. The treatment of such pathologies has evolved with the development of immunohystochemical analytical procedures and therapies against KIT/PDGFRA-specific protooncogenes, as well as the emergence of low-molecular kinase inhibitors. However, the probability of non-recurrence survival can only be increased by complete surgical removal of gastrointestinal stromal colon tumours. In the surgical treatment, three main approaches are defined: the initial stage of treatment, provided that the tumour is resectable and has a small size; surgical treatment after neoadjuvant therapy; symptomatic treatment, so-called ‘debulking surgery’. Adjuvant targeted therapy with Imatinib provides for a high objective response. The use of Imatinib chemotherapy determines the efficacy and radicality of surgical treatment in most cases. In general, the question of treating gastrointestinal stromal colon tumours is still relevant, requiring further research and objective evaluation of all technical and tactical approaches in the context of distant results.

scholarly journals Possibilities of pain management during photodynamic therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
S. A. Shinkarev ◽  
V. A. Borisov ◽  
S. N. Boldyrev ◽  
V. N. Podolsky ◽  
Z. I. Abdurashidov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Nerve Block Anesthesia

The authors consider the possibilities of pain management during photodynamic therapy (PDT) of visible tumors based on the observation of 102 patients. Of the total number of patients, 62 had verified basal cell skin cancer, 10 people - squamous cell skin cancer, another 10 - oral and oropharynx mucosa cancer, 8 - oral leukoplakia and dysplasia, in 6 - lower lip cancer, in 4 - breast cancer, in 2 - other localizations of neoplasms. In 15 patients, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) were used as pain management, in 69 - a combination of NSAID with tramadol, in 14 - nerve block anesthesia, in 4 - PDT was performed under general anesthesia. The intensity of pain syndrome during laser irradiation of the tumor was assessed on the verbal rating scale (VRS). The absence of pain was recorded in 9% of cases. Mild pain was noted by 58% of patients, moderate pain - 20%, severe pain - 10%, very severe pain was noted by 3% of patients.The degree of expression of pain syndrome during PDT depends on the incidence of a lesion, histological form of tumor, and method of anesthesia. NSAID alone, or in combination with an opioid analgesic, allows effective control of pain syndrome in PDT of basal cell skin cancer in 89%, in PDT of squamous cell skin cancer in 66% of observations. Nerve block anesthesia allows stoping pain syndrome during PDT of oropharyngeal tumors.

scholarly journals PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY FOR SQUAMOUS CELL SKIN CANCER OF THE CHEEK (CASE REPORT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
D. N. Strunkin ◽  
I. P. Zharikova ◽  
I. A. Kozhevnikov ◽  
N. S. Zadontceva
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell

scholarly journals Our experiencies in treatment of squamous cell skin cancer of head and heck

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Predrag Kovacevic ◽  
Milan Visnjic ◽  
Aleksandar Visnjic
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Radical Excision ◽  
Postoperative Results ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
Surgical Clinic ◽  
Advanced Tumors

The incidence of squamous cell skin center is the second, after basocellular skin cancer. Surgical treatment is the first and most effective therapy for this tumor. The aim of study is to present experiences of Surgical clinic in Nis in treatment of squamous cell skin cancer in head and neck. During 10-year period (1990-2000) there were operated 346 patients with squamous cell skin cancer of head and neck. We performed wide surgical exsicion with clinical free margins of 5-10 mm, and more radical excision and reconstructions for advanced tumors. We registered postoperative complications in 14 (4,04%) patients. Early diagnose and adequate treatments of squamous cell skin cancer are preperiquisite for good postoperative results and low complication rate.

mTHPC-mediated Photodynamic Therapy of Early Stage Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comparison to Surgical Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 3076-3082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan A. H. J. de Visscher ◽  
Lieuwe J. Melchers ◽  
Pieter U. Dijkstra ◽  
Baris Karakullukcu ◽  
I. Bing Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Early Stage

CONTEMPORARY TREATMENT APPROACH OF SQUAMOUS CELL SKIN CANCER: REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Aleksey Belyaev ◽  
Georgiy Prokhorov ◽  
Zamira Radzhabova ◽  
Olga Baykalova
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Epidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Skin Malignancy

The incidence of skin cancer is a steady increasing around the world. Tumors of epithelial origin occupy the first place in the structure of all skin malignancy. Epidermoid carcinoma is the most malignant epithelial tumor of the skin and mucous membranes with squamous differentiation. Generally, squamous cell carcinoma is successfully treated by surgical and radiological methods. Often a different kind of plastic defect reconstructions are required after surgical removal. The incidence of epidermoid carcinoma increases with age (average age of patients falls on 65 years) therefore variants of treatment options is limited by comorbidities. However, surgical oncologist do not have enough date and randomized controlled studies on this theme. Minimally invasive methods, especially cryothechnology are increasingly used, but unfortunately their advantage requires additional evidence. We suppose Inclusion in the conventional treatment of new technologies may possibly improve the results of treatment. We reviewed the literature, summarizing data on various methods of treating squamous cell skin cancer. Comprehensive and systematic search was based on MedLine, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus and PubMed among original articles for the period from January 1974 to October 2018.

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