Criminalistics’ Language: Concept-Terminological Apparatus Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-176
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Current State ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Individual Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

Any theory assumes the presence of its terminological apparatus – a language that is created to solve specific scientific problems and is designed to describe the relevant subject area; in criminalistics, it also serves as an effective means of thinking, should be highly specialised to reproduce the uniqueness of the subject of study, which actualises the study in this direction. Scientific approaches to the formation of the criminalistics’ language, its conceptual and terminological apparatus, through which this science describes its subject of study, were considered. It is emphasised that the development of science is determined primarily by the formation of its language as a system of general and individual concepts, which are reflected in certain terms, signs. It was stated that the criminalistics’ language is a complex, multilevel, holistic system, the elements of which are categories, concepts, terms, signs, symbols. Attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of criminalistics there is a continuous improvement of its language, clarification of definitions, enrichment of the terminological dictionary (thesaurus). It was noted that the current state of development of criminalistics, the formation of promising doctrines (theories) necessitated the introduction into its scientific apparatus of a large number of new concepts, terms, signs, through the use of various linguistic approaches, terminological elements, lexical units. The innovations concern not only the general theory of criminalistics, but also its main sections – techniques, tactics and methods. In this case, the criminalistics’ language, its conceptual and terminological apparatus must develop under certain criteria and conditions defined in both special and forensic literature. The rejection of traditional approaches to the definition of certain forensic concepts, the desire for innovation and unification always require special care and comprehensive justification.

scholarly journals CERTAIN ASPECTS OF AUTOMATIZATION OF FORMING THE FORENSIC EXAMINATION CONCLUSION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Vasyl Kovalov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Active introduction of digital technologies in all spheres of life is one of the main directions of state development as a whole and separate sphere of activity. The issue of using information technologies and systems during forensic examination is the subject of scientific research of many domestic and foreign scientists, but this sphere remains relevant. The introduction of digital technologies in forensic activities is one of the priority areas for the forensic science development at the present stage and has significant development potential. One of the areas of optimization and improvement of forensic activity is the development of methods to automate the formation of forensic experts and unify the description of the research process, identified features, justification and formulation of forensic conclusions, which requires legislative consolidation and regulation, analysis and definition of the subject area and development requirements and algorithms for the operation of the system interface. Unification and standardization of the content of forensic experts' opinions requires the development of common standards and an information system adopted by all subjects of forensic expertise, and meets the needs of practice. The development of an information system for forming an expert opinion and automatically forming an expert opinion will allow formalizing and unifying the description of research and results of forensic examinations, optimizing the time of forensic experts and potentially reducing the number of logical, typographical and technical errors, and simplifying quality control of forensic examinations. The proposed system will not only automate the technical work of registration of research results carried out during forensic examinations, but will also contain research algorithms, which will be stored in the form of data on already conducted research of similar objects (list and sequence of operations, identified features and their parameters).

Monitoring of Staffing Nanoindustry

2019 ◽  
pp. 488-500
Author(s):  
Maxim M. Grekhov ◽  
Victor A. Byrkin ◽  
Oleg S. Vasiliev ◽  
Polina A. Likhomanova ◽  
Alexey M. Grekhov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Current State ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Nanotechnology Industry

Leading organizations of the national nanotechnology network (NNN) monitor staffing and develop mechanisms for coordination of educational processes of enterprises of the nanotechnology industry. To estimate the current state of training for nanotechnology industry in the leading universities of the Russian Federation, a study of their publications indexed in the Scopus database in 2012, 2014, and 2015 years in the subject area of “nano” was made. As a result of analysis, the universities, which form the background for the production of highly qualified specialists in the field of nanotechnology, were determined.

Subject Expertise and Teachers’ Knowledge

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Schempp ◽  
Dean Manross ◽  
Steven K.S. Tan ◽  
Matthew D. Fincher
Keyword(s):  
Pedagogical Content Knowledge ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Subject Matter Expertise ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the influence of subject matter expertise on teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. Data were collected through multiple, extended interviews with 10 teachers with expertise in at least 1 subject area in physical education. Each teacher was interviewed 4 times for approximately 1 hour, focusing on the teacher’s familiarity with 2 content areas (1 expert and 1 nonexpert) and their experiences teaching the subjects. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative technique. The findings were presented with reference to Grossman’s (1990) definition of pedagogical content knowledge. Subject experts identified their largest pedagogical problem as student motivation, while nonexperts believed finding appropriate activities was their greatest challenge. Subject experts were more comfortable and enthusiastic about pedagogical duties and could accommodate a greater range of abilities. The experts and nonexperts revealed no differences in curricular selection, perceptions of students’ understanding of the subject, or evaluation criteria.

scholarly journals The main components of the formation of recreational and tourism activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
V. V. Yavorska ◽  
I. V. Hevko ◽  
V. A. Sych ◽  
K. V. Kolomiyets
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Recreation And Tourism

The article considers the issues of further development of the conceptual apparatus of such a direction as recreation and tourism and the question of determining the various directions and components of recreation and tourism economy. The purpose of this work is to identify the main components of recreational and tourist activity as an integral part of the inter-sectoral complex. It is stressed that tourism activity can be viewed from the standpoint of the economy, because it has all the features of the economy, although this approach is not widespread. It is also possible to study the recreation and tourism sector as a type of economic activity. Recreational and tourist activity is considered as a service market, both as a social system and as an economic system. It was emphasized that in geography and regional economy, recreational and tourist activity is considered as an inter-sectoral complex. A pivotal problem is the definition of objects and entities in systemic relations, where, depending on the nature of the system, tourists can act as objects and subjects. It was established that the formation of the subject area of recreational and tourist activity is based on geographical concepts, including the concept of «touristdestination», the concept of territorial organization of the population and economy, the concept of territorial recreational systems. The position of geographers in the development of the subject area of tourism enhances resource orientation of tourism activity; we note that the resource is both population and tourist destinations. In the article we considered the Ukrainian taxonomy of types of economic activities, which are directly involved in tourism and recreation. It is determined that tourism and recreation sector occupy a special place in the sphere of services. In essence, tourist services are multi–component, and the tourist product itself combines the result of the activities of enterprises that carry out completely different activities. The schematically structured recreation and tourism complex by types of activities indicates the formation of areas of economic activity and industry directly related to recreation and tourism, such as mass recreation of the population – unorganized and organized, and tourism, the sphere of recreation. Thus, the representation ofrecreation and tourism activity as an inter-branch complex offers new possibilities for forecasting its development and formation of new directions of use of recreational and tourist resources.

Nanoionics - the Developing Informative System. Part. 2. From the First Works to the Current State of Nanoionics Abroad

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 463-484
Author(s):  
A.L. Despotuli ◽  
◽  
A.V. Andreeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Strategic Innovation ◽  
Current State ◽  
System Part ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
With Memory

A critical review presents the stages of formation, development, and current state of nanoionics in Russia and the world. Nanoionics is considered as a developing information system; its history is analyzed in terms of dynamic information theory and in the frame of strategic innovation management. The second part of the review presents in the brief form a panoramic view of nanoionics development abroad. An extended definition of the scientific direction of "nanoionics" is given. Since the foreign literature on the subject of the review is extensive, the results of works in which the term "nanoionics" appears in the title, annotations, and keywords are mainly considered. More detailed analysis is given of the works that have seriously influenced the development of nanoionics and will determine its future. The development of nanoionic devices with memory function, Li-ion batteries, and fuel cells is considered. The important role of the creation of stable interface boundaries in nanoionic devices (on which electrochemical reactions take place) is emphasized. New areas of research such as nanoarchitectonics and iontronics are critically analyzed. On a comparative basis, a scheme for the correct introduction of the new scientific term is proposed.

COMPARATIVE JURISPRUDENCE IN SEARCH OF THE GROUNDS AND BOUNDS OF ITS SUBJECT AREA

10.12737/1002 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Мехман Алышах оглы Дамирли ◽  
Mehman Damirli
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Actualizing the problem of complex definition of the subject of modern comparative jurisprudence, the author critically analyzes existing approaches to the definition of the subject of comparative jurisprudence, identifies main characteristics of the object and the subject of comparative jurisprudence and offers author’s definitions of them.

scholarly journals Structural Models of Terminological Word Combinations for Marking up a Corpus of Scientific and Technical Texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
I. I. Butenko ◽  
N. S. Nikolaeva ◽  
T. D. Margaryan
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Current State ◽  
Basic Meaning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Automated Tools ◽  
Technical Terms

The article presents structural models of terminological phrases from the subject area “Welding” as the basis for creating automated tools to mark up the corpus of scientific and technical texts. The place of scientific and technical corpora in corpus linguistics and the prospects for their further research are outlined. The relevance of the research stems from the need to create corpora of scientific and technical texts in general and to provide tools for automatic detection of terms in particular. It is substantiated that the main problem in designing such corpora is the automatic markup of terminological phrases. The analysis of the current state of the term system of the subject area “Welding” has been carried out. The results of the analysis of two-, three-, four- and five-component terminological phrases of “Welding” and their structural models are presented and illustrated by examples. The necessity of listing all possible structural models of terminological combinations has been substantiated too. It has been established that the addition of a new component to the basic terminological combination most often occurs with introduction of one more postpositional at-tribute whose function is to add some specific feature to the basic meaning. The novelty of the study is seen in providing a theoretical approach for the formation of a database of structural models of terminological phrases which may be used as a core of a supersource database on the structure of the multicomponent scientific and technical terms. An approach to automatic markup of multicomponent terms is proposed too. It will be also helpful in future corpus research for identification of candidate word combinations as scientific and technical terms.

scholarly journals Designing an Instrument to Conduct a Survey on Requirement Reuse Practices in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Noraini Che Pa ◽  
Norhayati Md Ali ◽  
Noranis Mohd Aris ◽  
Rodziah Atan ◽  
Ainita Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Requirement Engineering ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
Level Of Understanding

A set of questionnaire was designed to study the current state of requirement reuse practices in Malaysia. This paper describes the design of the survey on requirement reuse practice instrument, and the assessment of its reliability and validity. Cronbach’s Alpha test was used to check on its reliability and respondents’ feedback, to assess the level of understanding, the level of difficulty in responding and the level of relevancy to the subject area including the duration taken to complete the questionnaire. Results from the feedback suggested three main issues that need to be looked upon as a way to improve the instrument design. Future efforts will focus on improving the structure and contents of the questionnaire in order to achieve higher reliability and better number of responses to study on requirement reuse. Keywords—requirement reuse, requirement, engineering, software development, survey design

scholarly journals On the terminological standard draft “SIBID. Library collection. Terms and definitions”

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
E. I. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Library Collection ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Draft Standard ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Library Collections

The author examines the draft of standard new version (GOST R 7.0.94–2015 “SIBID. Library document acquisitions. Terms and definitions”. The need for ordering terms in the area of collection development and collection studies. Owing to the terminology’s expanding onto collection studies, the standard title has changed from “Library collections. Terms and definitions”. The standard focuses on terms and definitions within the subject area of “library collection studies, library collections”. The vectors of standard drafting are discussed: outdated standardized definitions are edited; processes structure and contents are changed according to the modern theory and practice related to library collections; concept list for library collection characteristics is expanded; new concepts to describe library activities in digital environment are introduced. The draft standard comprises 170 terms and the alphabet index. The author describes Rosstandardregulated approaches toward national standard development [Rosstandard – Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology]. The new version key provisions and definitions can be used for references and will support further development of new regulations, methodological documents and instructions for library activities, and library collection studies.

scholarly journals Formation of “Safety” Terminology (Technosphere)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Федорец ◽  
Aleksandr Fedorets
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Legal Term ◽  
Adequate Definition ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Domain Concept

Safety, along with freedom, is one of the most important indicators of the quality of our lives. But it is difficult to find a word in the Russian language, which, though used just as often, includes less specific meaning. The problem is that in the light of objective expansion of the "content" of the concept of "security" its "volume" in strict accordance with the rules of logic approaches zero. If possible, a more adequate definition of such fundamental concept as "security" should be seen as return of "volume." The definition cannot be given in isolation from domain concept most closely associated with technosphere, from other concepts and relationships between concepts of technosphere security. Assessing the adequacy of the described definition (definitions) of the subject area is only possible with system approach — in connection with the other terms of terminology. Logically, the same should be addressed to the formation of scientific and technical terminology of the subject area to avoid isolated definitions, and to form separate terms and their definitions within a coherent terminological system. An example of the wrong approach to the formation of the terminology is the Introduction into the Labour Code of the Russian Federation of a new legal term "occupational hazard", which did not work in this new subject area without its content and volume. Therefore, on the example of the concept of "security" the author proposed and demonstrated the methodology of formation of terminological concept of "security" (in technosphere) based on a model called the "puzzle of concepts."

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