Methodology for assigning objects of protection to a certain risk category in the field of fire safety

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Денис Валерьевич Зобков ◽  
Александр Алексеевич Порошин ◽  
Андрей Александрович Кондашов ◽  
Евгений Васильевич Бобринев ◽  
Елена Юрьевна Удавцова
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Risk Categories

Проанализирован международный опыт реформирования проверок соблюдения требований пожарной безопасности и внедрения риск-ориентированного подхода. Разработана модель отнесения объектов защиты к категориям риска в зависимости от вероятного причинения вреда, который рассчитывается исходя из количества погибших и травмированных при пожарах людей. Сформулированы критерии отнесения объектов защиты к категориям риска. Выполнен расчет категорий риска для групп объектов, однородных по группам экономической деятельности и классам функциональной пожарной опасности. Проведено сравнение с существующей классификацией объектов защиты по категориям риска. The international experience of reforming of fire safety compliance checks and implementing a risk-based approach is considered. There are presented methodological approaches to calculating the risk of causing harm (damage) in buildings (structures) as a result of fire for the purpose of assignment of buildings and structures according to risk categories as well as justification of the frequency of scheduled inspections at these facilities. There is calculated the probability of fire occurrence for a group of objects of protection that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes in order to assign objects of protection to certain risk categories. The social damage expressed in the death and injury of people as a result of fire is also calculated in order to assign objects of protection to certain risk categories. Classification of objects of protection according to the risk categories is performed using the indicator of the severity of potential negative consequences of fires. This indicator characterizes the degree of excess of the expected risk of negative consequences of fires for the corresponding group of objects of protection in relation to the value of the permissible risk of negative consequences of fire. The permissible risk of negative consequences of fires is calculated on the basis of statistical data, taking into account the value of the individual fire risk of exposure of critical values of fire hazards on person in buildings and structures. The criteria for assigning groups of objects of protection to the appropriate risk categories are formulated on the basis of formation of distribution of numerical values of the severity of potential negative consequences of fires. There are carried out the assessment of the severity of potential negative consequences of fires for objects of protection that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes, and also the risk categories of the corresponding groups of objects are determined. The proposed classification of objects of protection according to risk categories is compared with the existing classification. The obtained results of calculations showed that scheduled inspections of objects of protection by the Federal state supervision bodies, depending on the assigned risk category and with corresponding frequency, have significant role in improving the level of fire safety of objects. The decrease in the intensity of scheduled inspections, at the same time, may lead to a corresponding decrease in the level of fire protection of objects.

Model for assigning security objects to a specific risk category in the field of fire safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
D. V. Zobkov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Poroshin ◽  
A. A. Kondashov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Individual Object ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Risk Categories

Introduction. A mathematical model is presented for assigning protection objects to certain risk categories in the field of fire safety. The model is based on the concepts of the probability of adverse effects of fires causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of harm (damage) from fires. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop the procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk of harm (damage) based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity consequences, to determine the acceptable level of risk of harm (damage) due to the fires, to calculate and develop numerical values of criteria for assigning objects of protection to the appropriate risk categories. Methods. The boundaries of the intervals corresponding to certain risk categories are determined by dividing the logarithmic scale of severity of adverse effects of fires into equal segments. Classification methods are used to assign objects of protection to a specific risk category. Results and discussion. Based on the level of severity of potential negative consequences of a fire, risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and by functional fire hazard classes. The risk category for each individual object of protection is proposed to be determined using the so-called index of "identification of a controlled person" within a group of objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and class of functional fire hazard. Depending on the risk category, the periodicity of planned control and supervision measures in relation to the specific object of protection under consideration is determined, taking into account its socio-economic characteristics and the state of compliance with fire safety requirements by the controlled person. Conclusions. To develop criteria for classifying protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes, the probability of negative consequences of fires, that are causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of causing harm (damage) as a result of fires, is used. The risk category for each individual object of protection is determined taking into account socio-economic characteristics of the object that affect the level of ensuring its fire safety, as well as the criteriaof integrity of the subordinate person that characterize the probability of non-compliance with mandatory fire safety requirements at the object of protection. Calculations are made and numerical values of criteria for assigning protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes to a certain category of risk are proposed. Key words: object of protection, probability of fire, acceptable level of risk, risk category, dangerous factor of fire, death and injury of people.

Methodology for assigning security objects to a certain risk category

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
D. V. Zobkov ◽  
◽  
A. I. Ryzhikov ◽  
A. A. Poroshin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Risk

Introduction. In accordance with the provisions of Federal law No. 248-FZ of July 31, 2020 "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation", a methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected assets as a result of fire. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop a procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of causing harm (damage) risk based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity of consequences. Methods. To form criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk, such concepts are formalized as: the probability of an event (fire) with the corresponding consequences; the acceptable level of risk of causing harm (damage) in a fire. Based on these concepts, the indicator "severity of potential negative consequences of fire" was determined, which allows performing quantitative calculations for assigning protection objects to a certain risk category. Results and discussion. The international experience of reforming fire safety compliance checks and implementing a risk-based approach is considered. Using the indicator of "the level of severity of potential negative consequences of fire", risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and classes of functional fire hazard. To assess dynamic changes that take into account the individual characteristics of objects of protection, when determining the risk category, an approach to the formation of such a concept as the "index of individualization of a controlled person" is proposed. This index takes into account the individual characteristics of the object of protection that affect the level of its fire safety, as well as information about the integrity of the controlled person, which characterize the carrying out of fire protection measures on the object of protection, the implementation of an independent risk assessment, the conclusion of a voluntary insurance contract, etc. Conclusions. A methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected estimates as a result of fire. The provisions of the proposed methodology formed the basis of the decree of the Russian Federation Government No. 1662 of October 12, 2020 "On amendments to the Regulations on Federal state fire supervision", which regulates the procedure and criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk in the field of fire safety. Key words: risk-based approach, object of protection, probability of negative events, acceptable level of risk, index of individualization, integrity of the controlled person, fire prevention measures.

Methodological principles for changing the risk category of objects of protection in the field of fire safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Денис Валерьевич Зобков ◽  
Дмитрий Викторович Ушаков ◽  
Алексей Васильевич Карпов ◽  
Галина Петровна Сурина
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Individual

В рамках развития методологии отнесения объектов защиты к определенной категории риска в области пожарной безопасности на основе оценки базового показателя тяжести потенциальных негативных последствий пожаров для объектов защиты, однородных по видам экономической деятельности и классам функциональной пожарной опасности, разработана динамическая модель определения или изменения категории риска объекта в зависимости от индекса индивидуализации подконтрольного лица. Это позволяет определить категорию риска либо принять решение об изменении ранее присвоенной категории риска для конкретного объекта защиты из группы с учетом индивидуальных социально-экономических характеристик данного объекта защиты, оказывающих влияние на уровень обеспечения его пожарной безопасности, а также учесть соблюдение на объекте защиты обязательных требований пожарной безопасности на основе информации об этом объекте, имеющейся в распоряжении органа государственного пожарного надзора. There was developed the dynamic model for determining or changing the risk category of the object according to the individualization index of the controlled person. The aforesaid model was elaborated in the context of development of the methodology for assigning objects of protection to a certain risk category in the field of fire safety, based on the assessment of basic severity index of potential negative consequences of fire for objects of protection that are homogeneous both in economic activities and in functional fire hazard categories. This allows to determine the risk category, or decide to change the previously assigned risk category for a particular object of protection from a certain group, taking into account the individual socio-economic characteristics of this object of protection, affecting the level of its fire safety. This also allows to take into account the compliance with mandatory fire safety requirements at the object of protection on the basis of information about this object that is available to the state fire supervision body.

Digital technologies for risk category definition of subject of protection at Federal State Fire Supervision

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Денис Валерьевич Зобков ◽  
Андрей Юрьевич Лагозин ◽  
Дмитрий Викторович Ушаков ◽  
Галина Петровна Сурина
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Online Calculator ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

При подготовке изменений в Положение о федеральном государственном пожарном надзоре на основе концепции риск-ориентированного подхода в целях автоматизации процесса определения категории риска для объекта защиты разработано программное приложение - онлайн-калькулятор. Онлайн-калькулятор реализует новую модель отнесения объектов защиты к категориям риска, в которой учитываются не только категория риска для групп объектов, однородных по виду экономической деятельности и классам функциональной пожарной опасности, но и индивидуальные характеристики конкретного объекта защиты. Онлайн-калькулятор позволяет легко и быстро определить категорию риска объекта защиты или принять решение об ее изменении. In the process of preparing changes to the Regulation on Federal State Fire Supervision on the basis of the concept of a risk-oriented approach, there has been developed an online calculator software application in order to automate the process of determining the risk category for the object of protection. The online calculator implements a new model for risk rating of objects of protection, which takes into account not only the risk category for groups of objects that are similar either in type of economic activity or functional fire hazard classes, but also the individual characteristics of a particular object of protection. The online calculator easily and quickly allows to determine the risk category of the object of protection or to take decision about its changing.

scholarly journals SOCIALIZATION OF FIRE MITIGATION IN DENSELY POPULATED AREA AT JATI SAMPURNA, BEKASI

ICCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 616-617
Author(s):  
Anjas Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Fire Victims ◽  
Fire Mitigation ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The City

During the first quarter of 2019, from January to March 2019 there were 45 fire incidents in the city of Bekasi with losses ranging from Rp. 2,365,000,000 (based on data from the Bekasi City fire dept Service). From 45 events in the city of Bekasi, 3 of them occurred in Jatisampurna sub-district. Based on the type of object 45 events 15 of which are residential houses.With the data above, it can be said that the risk of fire can cause material and immaterial losses and can also cause trauma to fire victims. The importance of knowledge and information on fire hazard mitigation and how mitigation measures against fire hazards need to be conveyed to people who live in densely populated areas where the risk of fire is quite large. Laws or regulations on fire are not yet widely owned by most regions, so there are no special rules that can be covered in relation to fire risk.

Residential fire risk assessment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Tanygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hazard Levels

Introduction. The article analyzes statistical data for the period of 2006-2018 and presents an assessment of fire hazard levels in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which were determined on the basis of an integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk. It also considers the problems of assessing fire hazard in the residential sector as in a complex social and economic systems. The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of fire hazard and build a model for managing fire risks in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Research methods. To solve the research problems, the methods of system analysis, statistical analysis, mathematical statistics, etc. were used. Research results. A number of statistical dependencies of the fire situation in the Russian Federation have been analyzed and obtained. The indicators with the most fire hazardous level in the residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were determined by calculation. A block diagram of a model for managing fire risks in the residential sector using the integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk (ISEPPR) is built. Conclusion. The values of the fire hazard levels obtained in the work and the model of fire risk management in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation make it possible to improve management decisions in the field of supervisory activities and preventive work of the Federal State Fire Supervision Authorities. Keywords: residential sector, integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk, risk assessment, level of fire hazard

scholarly journals Assessment of Fire Hazard on the Readymade Garment Industry in Chittagong City, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahidul Islam ◽  
Rafion Islam Roman
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Average Condition

The Readymade Garments (RMG) industries are in Bangladesh is the largest contributor to the national export earnings and second largest in GDP of the country. Starting from the late Seventies as minor as well as non-traditional sector with a negligible of exporting, the RMG sector has dramatically grown up a geometric progression over the few decades. Although the country has a glorious history of textile, cloths and clothing’s from the ancient period of time. At present, about 75% of the total exports of the country having from this sector and one of the principle key points of employment. Over the preceding decade, fire and fire hazard is the continual problem in the country’s readymade garments industries. Only in 2012 about 169 people died and huge people are injured because of fire hazards in RMGs. Considering this as a crucial problem, the study was carried out a geo-spatial analysis on Chittagong Export Processing Zone (CEPZ) and Baizid Industrial hub of Chittagong city, Bangladesh. The study was mainly done by primary field survey while secondary sources were also used in comparing and basement of analysis. There are two types of parameters (Hard and Soft Parameters) generally used to assess the fire hazard of readymade garments. The research has been done by adopting the soft parameter, as exit door locked, emergency exit in the factory, fire extinguisher etc. The Fire Risk Index has been developed on the basis of 19 soft parameters. In Chittagong EPZ area 25 garments factories have been surveyed instantly to observe the current status of fire risk for the lack of 19 parameters. Results show that in CEPZ area for 19 parameters the mean safety is 90.45% or 9.55% deviation from the standard. On the contrary, the average condition of 19 parameters is 80.29% fluctuation from the benchmark in the Baizid Industrial area though it is considered as good condition but nearest to the average. Electric short circuit is the prime cause of fire in CEPZ area and also in Baizid industrial hub. At the eleventh hour, it is found from the study that about 80% garments in Baizid Industrial area under in good condition which is (10-20) % deviation from ideal case. On the other hand in CEPZ area about 80% garments are fallen excellent condition, it is only 8% seen in Baizid area. The study also reveals that there is no garments in both area which is in poor or average condition or vulnerable to fire hazards but in Baizid it is about 20% garments are fallen average condition or nearly vulnerable. Before conducting the study, it is seemed that it will be found the garments will be more vulnerable to fire hazards but at the end of the day it is proved as erroneous, for the recurrence of fire hazards in the last few years they have raised the magnitude of fire safety in almost every cases and now the garments are more secured in case of fire hazards.

scholarly journals Tent fabric used by seasonal children’s camps: fire risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
N. I. Konstantinova ◽  
A. V. Zuban ◽  
E. A. Poedintsev ◽  
N. V. Golov
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Materials Used

Introduction. The use of fireproof tent fabric at children’s tent camps remains a relevant problem. It may be resolved by developing a special flammability assessment methodology and criteria applicable to materials, used as the structural framework of tents. This solution will determine the choice of fabric.Aims and purposes. Materials, currently used to make tents, include natural or synthetic fabric and various polymers, that may be a fire hazard. In case of fire, safe evacuation of people may be unfeasible, although it is particularly important for children’s seasonal tent camps designated for sports and leisure.Domestic regulatory documents, that are currently in force, contain solely general technical requirements applicable to travel tents or ensuring fire safety in the territory of children’s tent camps, but there are neither fire safety requirements applicable to tent materials, nor any methods of their assessment. Meanwhile, there were cases of fire at children’s tent camps.The purpose of this work is to establish fire safety requirements applicable to tent materials used at children’s tent camps, to develop their testing criteria and methodology.The main objectives to be accomplished in order to achieve the pre-set purpose include the analysis of effective regulatory requirements and methods used to determine the flammability of tent materials, the establishment of parameters and criteria designated for their assessment and the development of a standard testing methodology.Results and discussion. Experimental studies were carried out to assess a set of flammability-related parameters of several types of fabric and polymers used to make outer/inner tents and ground sheets. It has been determined that currently used materials are fire-hazardous; therefore, it is advisable to limit the production of tents from combustible and flammable materials whose combustion may be triggered by low-calorie ignition sources, including those that can melt or release toxic combustion products.Currently used standard methods were applied to develop modified methodologies and classification criteria needed to assess the flammability of tent materials for children’s summer camps; experimental studies were also carried out.Conclusions. A draft national standard has been developed; it implies the establishment of the flammability assessment methodology and criteria and restricts the use of tent materials, that are extremely hazardous in terms of the toxicity of their combustion products.

scholarly journals Assessment of compliance with fire safety requirements of the poultry house for 200,000 heads of “Avangard LLC” in Republic of Mordovia based on fire risk calculation

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Anatoly P. Savelyev ◽  
Sergey V. Glotov ◽  
Mikhail N. Chugunov ◽  
Rail R. Salikhov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Technical Regulations ◽  
Assessment Of Compliance

This article presents the results of the assessment of compliance with fire safety requirements of the building of the poultry house for 200,000 heads of Avangard LLC of the Republic of Mordovia, made on the basis of fire risk calculations. The analysis of factors affecting the quality and reliability of the results of calculations is carried out. During the research and evaluation of the objects compliance with fire safety requirements were guided by the provisions of the Technical regulations on fire safety requirements. A list of technical regulations applicable to the object under study was defined. The article gives the fire-technical characteristics of the object under study, the class of functional fire hazard (agricultural buildings). The conducted research has established that the object of research meets the requirements of fire safety. Calculations on fire risk assessment were fulfilled by comparing the calculated values of fire risk with the normative value. For the considered object of protection the fire hazard analysis including the analysis of building characteristics (space-planning, design and technical solutions), fire protection systems, and features of functioning taking into account contingent and distribution of fire load in rooms was completed. The calculation of the risk of the gas supply system was considered the impact of the flame during the combustion of gas released in case of emergency depressurization of the pipeline. The potential risk in a poultry house near a gas pipeline with a diameter of 50 mm will be 1.7810-5, near a gas pipeline with a diameter of 70 mm - 4.410-7, and in total - 1.82410-5. The individual fire risk for employees of the poultry house building is 8.3110-7 year-1. Calculations of the spread of fire hazards and the time of evacuation of people are made using software that allows to create graphical models of space-planning solutions of buildings. With the introduction of the fire risk assessment system at the legislative level, the owners of objects have the opportunity to optimize the cost of fire safety with the required level of safety of people.

scholarly journals Fire Risk Situation Analysis in the Nimtoli Area of Old Dhaka

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Masaba Tasneem Sahebi ◽  
Md Marufur Rahman ◽  
M Maksudur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Risk Situation ◽  
Fire Spreading ◽  
Electrical Cables

Assessment of the fire risk situation of Nimtali area by using eight indicators related to the fire source, fire spreading and evacuation during fire incidents was conducted. The results revealed that none of the buildings has emergency exits, fire protection measures, fire hydrant and provision of a fire drill. The area is densely populated. Most of the buildings are mixed-used and have no space in between. Electrical cables are haphazardly hanging from poles. Access roads are incredibly narrow. By analyzing eight indicators, it is found that the entire Nimtoli area is still at risk of fire hazard. Within Nimtoli, 32% area is at high risk, and 45% is at moderate risk of fire hazard. Proper fire safety measures and safety inspection, regular maintenance of utility lines, awareness about fire hazards among the dwellers, proper implementation of Bangladesh national building code (BNBC) and regulation of mixed-use of buildings can drastically reduce the fire risk in the urban area of Bangladesh. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(1): 91-102, June 2020

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