Analysis of the Damage Rate of Astringent Persimmon Farms According to Typhoon Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2619-2629
Author(s):  
Su Hoon Choi ◽  
Jeong Hwa Yang ◽  
Sang-Hyun Lee ◽  
Min Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Damage Rate

Bed behavioral assessment of tomato varieties in Cote d Ivoire

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 513-522
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude N'ZI ◽  
Lassina FONDIO ◽  
Mako Francois De Paul N’GBESSO ◽  
Andé Hortense DJIDJI ◽  
Christophe KOUAME
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Tomato Breeding

Thirty accessions of tomato including twenty eight introduced accessions from The World Vegetable Center-AVRDC and as controls, two commercial varieties Mongal and Calinago, were assessed for agronomic performances at the Experimentation and Production Station of Angud dou of the National Agronomic Research Centre (CNRA) located in the South of Cote d Ivoire. The trial was arranged in a randomized block with three replications. The following parameters were determined at vegetative development stage: plant height at flowering stage, susceptibility of accessions to diseases, day to 50% flowering and day of first harvest, production duration, fruit length, fruit diameter, total number of fruits, number of fruits per plant, potential yield, net yield and fruit damage rate. Results showed that the commercial variety Mongal, with a potential yield of 15.9 and a net yield of 13.1 t ha-1, was the most productive. All the introduced accessions from AVRDC recorded the lowest potential yields from 2.2 to 9.7 t ha-1, and net yields from 1.7 to 8.6 t ha-1. In addition, accessions WVCT8, FMTT847 and WVCT13 were severely infested by bacterial wilt. The reduction of the net yield of tomato accessions resulted in the high fruit damage rates. For the future tomato breeding work, it would be appropriate to introduce into the trials bacterial diseases tolerant varieties. Moreover, some studies could be undertaken to determine the nature of the bacteria involved in the plant wilting and to find out the causal agent of the tomato plants burning at the fructification stage reducing the harvest duration.

scholarly journals Design and Experimental Study of the General Mechanical Pneumatic Combined Seed Metering Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7223
Author(s):  
Dengyu Xiong ◽  
Mingliang Wu ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Haifeng Luo
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Response Surface Optimization ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Air Blowing ◽  
Seed Metering Device

To address the problems of high damage rate, low seeding accuracy, and poor seeding generally in the seeding process, a general-purpose seeding device was designed in this study based on the principle of mechanical pneumatic combined seeding. The air-blowing-type cleaning and seed unloading of the device laid the conditions for precise seeding and flexible seeding. In addition, single-factor experiments were performed on seeds (e.g., soybeans, corn, and rape-seeds) with different particle sizes and shapes to verify the general properties of the seed metering device. A multi-factor response surface optimization experiment was performed by applying soybean seeds as the test object to achieve the optimal performance parameters of the seed metering device. At a seed-clearing air velocity of 16.7 m/s, a seed feeding drum speed of 13.7 r/min, and a hole cone angle of 35.6°, corresponding to the optimal performance index, the qualified index, the replay index, and the missed index reached 97.94%, 0.03%, and 2.03%, respectively. The verification test results are consistent with the optimized ones. As indicated from the results, the seed metering device exhibits good general properties, low damage rate, great precision, and high efficiency; it is capable of meeting general seeding operations of different crop seeds and technically supporting for the reliability and versatility of the seeder.

Experiments on the Mechanical Harvesting of Litchi and its Effects on Litchi Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1529-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizu Wang ◽  
Huazhong Lu ◽  
Changki Mo ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
Cameron Jay Hohimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Guangzhou City ◽  
Detachment Force ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Fruiting Branch ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Different Characteristics

Abstract. This article presents a fruiting branch shaker designed for litchi ( Sonn.) harvesting and field testing results of the mechanical shaker with abscission chemical treatment. During the mature litchi season, mechanical harvesting experiments were conducted on Feizixiao litchi trees with and without applying the abscission chemical (Ethrel, 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid). Fruit detachment force (FDF) and fruit weight (W) were measured to determine the effect of chemical treatment on the FDF/W ratio. Fruits harvested by different methods were transported to the laboratory in Guangzhou city and stored at 6°C. Testing results showed that more than 88% of litchi fruits untreated with the chemical were removed at a frequency of 26 or 32 Hz and that the harvesting rate was roughly 3.5 times greater than that of hand harvesting. Application of the abscission chemical increased the removal percentage and harvesting rate of litchi fruits by about 10% while showing a decreased damage rate. Storage tests also indicated no significantly different characteristics between untreated fruits harvested by the shaker and by hand. However, there were significant differences between treated fruits and untreated fruit in browning index and total soluble solids content. Keywords: Abscission chemical, Detachment force, Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), Mechanical harvest, Multi-finger branch shaking.

Study of Mixed Water Compatibility in Shanbei Oil Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
pp. 725-729
Author(s):  
Jin Li Xue ◽  
Cheng Tun Qu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Fan Liu ◽  
Kun Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Scale Type ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Core Damage ◽  
Mixed Water ◽  
Calcium Loss

The properties of mixed waterwater from a certain river (RW) and Chang-6 layer output water (C-6W) -- in Shanbei Oil Production is studied in this paper, including ion content, analysis of scale, scale type and calcium loss rate, etc. It shows that the salinity of C-6W is more than 80000 mg/L, while RWs salinity is about 1200 mg/L; Under 30 °C, the calcium loss rate and amount of scale buildup of C-6W and RW when their volume ratio were 4:6 reached to 9.5% and 36mg/L; while reservoir calcium the loss rate and scale buildup amount reached to 0.59% and 21.5 mg/L when the volume ratio of C-6W and Mixed Water came to 3:7, which satisfies the reinjection water quality standard; and a low core damage rate (<20%) could be found when the reinjection volume is 1 ~ 15 PV.

scholarly journals Optimal Design and Simulation Analysis of Spike Tooth Threshing Component Based on DEM

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Yajun Yu ◽  
Liangshan Li ◽  
Jiale Zhao ◽  
Xiangeng Wang ◽  
Jun Fu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
Simulation Time

This paper takes a local drum-type corn thresher as an example. In order to make the threshing principle transform to the plate-tooth type, the width of the spike-tooth threshing component is increased gradually, and three threshing components of different shape and size are selected as the research objects. Based on the preliminary experimental research, the corn threshing process is simulation analyzed using the self-developed corn threshing process analysis software. The effects of the width of the threshing component on the corn ears threshing rate and kernel damage rate under different rates of drum rotation were studied from a macroscopic perspective. The results show that with the increase of drum rotation rate, both the corn ear threshing rate and kernel damage rate increase; with the increase of threshing component width, the threshing rate increases and the damage rate decreases; and when the component width is too large, the stacking between adjacent components has an impact on the threshing performance. The effects of threshing component width on the amount of kernel threshing and the total compressive force during the simulation time were investigated from microscopic perspective at different rates of drum rotation, and the results show that the microscopic analysis is consistent with the macroscopic analysis. Therefore, the optimization of the structural parameters and operating parameters of the threshing component was achieved. When the width of the threshing component was 25 mm and the roller speed was 187.50 rpm, the threshing performance was optimal, with a 98.04% corn ears threshing rate and a 2.56% kernel damage rate. This paper verifies the practical applicability of the corn threshing process analysis software and provides a reference for the optimal design of threshing devices.

Design for New Type Tobacco Sewing Machine Head

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 300-303
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ting You Wang ◽  
Hong Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Simple Structure ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Sewing Machine ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
New Type ◽  
Drawing Method ◽  
New Machine

In order to reducing the worker's labor intensity in tobacco sewing, a new machine adoption with single thread sewing technology was developed. Through analyzing the existing problems in sewing machine and the tobacco damage situation, using drawing method, analytic method and other methods, the shape of the sewing component, hook line components and other mating parts were designed. The results show that the machine has the advantages of simple structure, controllable sewing speed, adjustable leaf thickness and quantity. And the tobacco leaf damage rate is low. The comprehensive efficiency in tobacco leaf knitting with this machine is four times higher than that with hand knitting. Its application prospect is considerable.

Experimental Study on Flexible Bare Pipe Arrays Undergoing Vortex-Induced Vibrations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
X. Bao
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Array Configuration ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Vortex Induced Vibrations ◽  
Helical Strakes ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Single Pipe ◽  
Center Distance

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) excited by current is a major contributor to the fatigue accumulation of marine risers. For deepwater operations, several risers are often arranged together in an array configuration. In this study, a set of four identical flexible pipes of a rectangular arrangement were tested in a water tunnel. By comparing the dynamic responses of a pipe in an array with that of a single isolated pipe, the effects of the current speed and the center-to-center distance between the up-stream and downstream pipes on their dynamic responses were investigated. Fatigue damages accumulated on each pipe in an array was calculated and a factor, termed “fatigue damage amplification factor”, was defined as a ratio between the fatigue damage rate of pipe in an array and the fatigue damage rate of a single pipe at a same current condition. The results showed that for bare pipes (i.e., without helical strakes), the downstream pipes in an array configuration may have larger dynamic responses and fatigue damage rates than those of a single pipe; and, it is not always conservative to assume that the fatigue damage rate estimated for a single pipe can be used to represent the fatigue damage rates of pipes in an array. This preliminary study provided some meaningful results for the design, analysis and operation of marine riser arrays.

Experiment Study on the Frost Resistance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete on the Microstructure

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Di Tao Niu ◽  
Min Bai
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Damage Rate

Based on the fast freeze-thaw test in 3.5% NaCl solution, the frost resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) was studied in this paper. On the basis of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mercury intrusion method, the microstructure and pore structure of SFRC was analysed. The reinforced mechanism of SFRC under the cooperation of freeze-thaw and NaCl solution was discussed. The test results show that adding appropriate amount of steel fibers into concrete can reduce the pore porosity and improve the compactness of concrete. The effects of steel fiber with proper volume fraction can inhibit the peeling of the concrete and reduce its damage rate. The volume of steel fiber on the frost-resisting property of SFRC is obvious.

Fatigue Damage From High Mode Number Vortex-Induced Vibration

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kim Vandiver ◽  
Susan B. Swithenbank ◽  
Vivek Jaiswal ◽  
Vikas Jhingran
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Higher Harmonics ◽  
Vortex Induced Vibration ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Surface Vessels ◽  
Vortex Shedding Frequency ◽  
First Time

This paper presents results from two field experiments using long flexible cylinders, suspended vertically from surface vessels. The experiments were designed to investigate vortex-induced vibration (VIV) at higher than tenth mode in uniform and sheared flows. The results of both experiments revealed significant vibration energy at the expected Strouhal frequency (referred to in this paper as the fundamental frequency) and also at two and three times the Strouhal frequency. Although higher harmonics have been reported before, this was the first time that the contribution to fatigue damage, resulting from the third harmonic, could be estimated with some certainty. This was enabled by the direct measurement of closely spaced strain gauges in one of the experiments. In some circumstances the largest RMS stress and fatigue damage due to VIV are caused by these higher harmonics. The total fatigue damage rate including the third harmonic is shown to be up to forty times greater than the damage rate due to the vibration at the fundamental vortex-shedding frequency alone. This dramatic increase in damage rate due to the third harmonic appears to be associated with a narrow range of reduced velocities in regions of the pipe associated with significant flow-induced excitation.

Does continuous trail of damage appear at the change in the electronic stopping power damage rate?

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1545-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Toulemonde ◽  
N. Enault ◽  
Jin Yun Fan ◽  
F. Studer
Keyword(s):  
Stopping Power ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Electronic Stopping Power
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