scholarly journals Frequency of Oropharyngeal Cancer Among Males

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Asghar Khan ◽  
Sofia Kabir ◽  
Nighat Musa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

OBJECTIVE:Background: Worldwide oropharyngeal cancers are one of ten most common cancers. A multitude of factors are responsible for the development of oropharyngeal cancers. Some factors are non- modifiable like age, sex, genetics and many are modifiable risk factors like tobacco use, chewing betel nuts, eating paan, alcohol and UV light exposure etc. The main purpose of this study was to analyze frequency and different risk factors associated with oropharyngeal cancers among males visiting tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.METHODOLOGY:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 male patients having different cancers visiting tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Study duration was 5 months from January to May 2015. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. Semi-structured questionnaire, Patient’s record were used as data collecting tools. Different risk factors were assessed and analyzed.RESULTS:Frequency of oropharyngeal cancers was found to be 19%. Common risk factors among these patients were prolong Ultra violet light exposure (4-8 hrs) 74%, 42% were smokers, 42% had history of oral thrush, 37% patients were in a habit of taking snuff regularly, 36% history of leukoplakia and 16% had smoked meat diet history.CONCLUSION:Prolong exposure to ultra violet radiations, smoking, snuff and human papiloma virus increases risk of patients for oropharyngeal cancers.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Positivity for SARS-CoV-2 among Health Care Workers in a Group of Tertiary Care Hospitals in Mumbai: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Shrenikraj Mutha ◽  
Amit Shashikant Beldar ◽  
Shashank Desai ◽  
Nishant Kumar ◽  
Shibal Bhartiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: Health Care Workers (HCWs) can acquire or transmit Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from and to patients respectively. There is limited data on risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among HCWs. Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst HCWs of tertiary care hospitals in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted among 801 HCWs from three tertiary care hospitals. Data regarding demography, co-morbidities (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, immunosuppressive therapy, asthma), symptoms, contact with confirmed cases of COVID-19 and protective precautions at the work place was collected. Infection diagnosed by Respiratory Tract samples- Reverse Trancriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test was correlated with the above factors. Results: Of the participants, 50.1% were working in designated COVID-19 area; 85.1% had no co-morbidity. A total of 62 of the 801 (7.75%) HCWs had a history of positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Only asthma was associated with a significant higher in infection rate. Loss of taste/smell (30%), acute febrile illness (46.4%), acute respiratory illness (18.5%) were more common in persons with RT-PCR positivity (p<0.05). Visit to fever clinic, positive household member, and a definite history of exposure to a COVID-19 positive patient, were significantly associated with higher risk of infection. Working in designated COVID-19 hospital was not a significant risk factor (8.5% vs 5.6%). HCWs on Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) prophylaxis had significantly lower rate of infection. Conclusion: Rate of SARS-CoV-2 positivity among HCWs was 7.7%. Presence of symptoms, especially, loss of taste/smell, fever and respiratory symptoms are associated with high positive rates. Working in a designated COVID hospital was not a risk factor for increased rate of infection. HCQ prophylaxis is associated with reduced rate of COVID-19 among HCWs.

scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological Profile of Onychomycosis Attending in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
L Khondker ◽  
AM Choudhury ◽  
MOR Shah ◽  
M Shahidullah ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A cross sectional study, conducted in the department of  Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib  Medical University (BSMMU) for duration of January 2009  to December 2010. Hundred twenty patients with  onychomycosis were selected by purposive type of nonprobability  sampling technique. Majority of the patients  61(150.8%) were in the age group of 21-30 years old. Mean  age of the patients were 32.8±14 years and most of the  patients were house wives 36(30.0%). Disfigurement  117(97.5%) and discomfort 89(74.2%) were more common  chief complaints of the patients. The mean duration of  disease was 20.4±15.4 months and nail fold changes were  associated with 37(30.8%) patients and more than a half  63(52.5%) of the patients had history of wet works.  Regarding the history of past illness, it was observed that  previous onychmycosis found 26(21.7%), nail trauma  26(21.7%) and immune suppression 6(5.0%). In  endocrinopathies, hypothyroidism was observed in 1(0.8%),  Diabetes Mellitus 6(5.0%) etc. Regarding the pattern of nail  changes, thickening of nail plate 88(73.3%), onycholysis  67(55.8%), subungunal hyperkeratosis 61(50.8%) were  more common changes. Paronychia was observed in 34  (28.3%) cases. In concomitant fungal infection, it was  observed that T. manuum in 6(5.0%), T. pedis 3(2.5%),  Interdigital intertrigo 2(1.7%) and T. cruris 1(0.8%). This  was a study on a limited number of cases. Future studies  must include economical support, then large sample size  could be ensured and study finding would be more reliable.  There is a great need of epidemiological studies also, with  sufficient follow-up, systematic reviews and meta-analyses  on this issue.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11408   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 78-84    

scholarly journals Anxiety among Doctors during COVID-19 Pandemic in Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Riazul Hasan ◽  
Zeeshan Hamid ◽  
Muhammad Talha Jawaid ◽  
Rashida Kaizar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Objective: To assess the level of anxiety among doctors during COVID-19 pandemic and the associated risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 30th April to 16th May, 2020 in Karachi, Pakistan. The data was collected via an online web-based questionnaire. Questionnaire was used to assess anxiety level using GAD-7 scale among health-care professionals and the risk factors playing role in it. Results: One hundred and fifty-one doctors participated in our study. Out of these 151 participants, 69 (45.7%) had mild, 22 (14.6%) had moderate, and 5 (3.3%) had severe symptoms of anxiety, whereas the remaining 55 (36.4%) had no anxiety according to GAD-7 scale. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] GAD-7 scale scores are 6.0 [3.00-9.00]. Females showed more severe degrees of measurement of anxiety symptoms than males. Doctors dealing with COVID-19 patients showed higher level of anxiety as compared to the doctors who were not dealing with COVID-19 patients, having a significant difference (U = 9.697, p = 0.008). One hundred and forty-one (93.4%) participants were concerned about being exposed to COVID-19 at work and 112 (74.2 %) thought they have inadequate protective equipment for safety. Conclusions: During COVID-19 pandemic, doctors exhibited different grades of anxiety. In order for healthcare workers to perform to the best of their capability, certain guidelines and interventions are needed. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.3113 How to cite this:Hasan SR, Hamid Z, Jawaid MT, Ali RK. Anxiety among Doctors during COVID-19 Pandemic in Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.3113 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with postpartum depression in two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar: a comparative cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Hira Bakhtiar ◽  
Maria Malik A. Khaliq ◽  
Asif Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Siraj Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Postpartum depression has become a common complication in women in their postpartum period, affecting not only the mother but her child and her family. Due to lack of awareness regarding the subject it has been widely neglected, especially in Pakistan.Objective: To determine and compare the frequency and risk factors associated with postpartum depression in a public and a private tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.Materials & Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD and Pediatrics ward of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI) and Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD as well as the vaccination center of Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) over a period of 6 months (January to June 2016). The women were interviewed after obtaining informed consent during 1-12 months of their postpartum period using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as a pretested self-structured questionnaire. Chi Square test and binary logistic regression were used to determine the relative significance of various risk factors for PPD.Results: A total of 280 women were interviewed, 140 in each hospital, their ages ranging from 16 to 45 years. The frequency of PPD calculated at RMI was 62.7% and at HMC it was 37.3% (p=0.001). Risk factors that showed a close association with PPD included the level of education of women (p=0.008), family support (p=0.022), and history of previous trauma (p= 0.055).Conclusion: Postpartum depression is twice as likely to occur in a private tertiary care hospital compared to a public one, and appears related to educational status, family help, and history of trauma.Keywords: Depression, Postpartum; Postpartum Period, Mothers; Child; Breast Feeding; Childbirth

scholarly journals Epidemiology of fall and its risk factors among elders in a rural area of Coimbatore, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas V. Chacko ◽  
Prabha Thangaraj ◽  
Muhammad G. M.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
History Of

Background: Global reports show that falls are the major cause of disability injuries among the elders. Developing countries lack the required epidemiological data on the burden of falls and factors that contribute to it.The objectives of the study were to find the burden of fall and its distribution in time, place and person among elders and to identify risk factors associated with fall among elders. Methods: A community–based cross-sectional study of 655 elders (≥ 60 years) was done in a rural area of Coimbatore District by two stage sampling technique. History of fall within the past 6 months was included in the study. Semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess factors contributing to falls. The burden of falls was expressed as proportions and percentages. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify risk factors for fall. Results: 26% (95%CI: 22.59-29.32) elders experienced at least one fall. Of the total falls 50.2% occurred outside home and the remaining inside home. Most of the falls occurred during ambulation and at the morning hours (39.1%). Age ≥80 years (OR: 3.28, 95%CI: 1.28-5.98) and dizziness (OR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.00-10.06) were only found to be significantly associated with fall on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The occurrence of fall was found to be almost similar to that identified in western countries where fall preventive measures have been implemented. Similar efforts are yet to be initiated here and so this study provides the evidence for the need. Prospective studies through more frequent home visits are needed to confirm the enormity of the problem to suggest policy recommendation. 

scholarly journals Awareness, Behavior, and Practices of Nurses related to Nursing Ethics, in tertiary care Hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shazia Javed ◽  
Kousar Parveen ◽  
Mohammad Afzal ◽  
Prof. Dr Syed Amir Gillani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Nursing Ethics ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of

Purpose: The objective is to determine nurse’s knowledge about Nursing Ethics and association with behavior and practice of these nurses. Methodology: Cross-sectional Study Design. This study is conducted in different hospital settings of Lahore. a total of 150 nurses are selected by convenient sampling technique. They are taken informed consent and the data was collected including demographics and the nursing ethics. Data was analysed on SPSS version 24.0 Results: Most of the nurses working in different hospital are females and in our participants, 76% are females while 24% are males. Mostly belongs to age group of 20-30 years. Nearly 87% of the participants are single, i.e. hasn’t married yet. The more qualified nurse, more the KAP of nursing ethics in hospitals Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study results show that the nurses need to gain better insight into the legal aspects of their profession and to enhance their level of respect, particularly for nurses of lower age, with a history of employment and contractual strength.

scholarly journals Verbal Abuse among Nurses in Tertiary Care Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (218) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Silwal ◽  
Sarala Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Professions ◽  
The Times ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: Verbal abuse against nurses who are major working force can affect the work performance and productivity in hospital.  Verbal abuse is epidemic in tertiary care hospitals though it is most preventable with healthcare professions. The study aims to identify the prevalence of verbal abuse among nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in two tertiary care hospitals in Chitwan using self-administered questionnaire from August-December, 2018. The researcher used the convenient sampling technique and total 331 nurses were taken for the study. Results: Prevalence of verbal abuse was found to be 122 (36.9 %) [34.25%-39.55% at 95% CI]  among nurses.  Perpetrators of the verbal abuse were  relatives of the patients 64 (48.9%) followed by staff  member 29 ( 23.77%),  patient 23 (17.6%), management  or supervisor 4 (3.1%) and from colleague 2  (1.5%). Frequency of verbal abuse as sometimes, once and all the times were 95 (77.86%), 20 (16.03%) and 7 (5.7 %) respectively. Study showed that verbal abuse was mostly done by relatives of the patient. Consequence of verbal abuse was disturbing memories, thoughts or an image ultimately reducing the job satisfaction.  No any action was taken except verbal warning for 20 (58.8%) perpetrators. Conclusions: Verbal abuse is frequently prevalent in nurses and mostly from patient’s visitors. Hence, nurses should maintain their respect and authority otherwise it will lead to decrease in their performance that shows direct impact on patient care and consequently the effectiveness of the health care system.   

scholarly journals Knowledge and awareness among nurses in tertiary care hospitals of Kolkata regarding HIV positive patient care: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Nachiketa Ghosh ◽  
Arijit Dey ◽  
Sayantani Majumdar ◽  
Debdutta Haldar
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Nursing staff have immense contribution in the generation of healthcare and medical care services and act as pillars on which the entire hospital care facility is dependent. This can only be ensured if the hospital staff are well trained and fully updated about the recent treatment protocols to handle the complicated situation of the patients. Objectives of the study was to assess provider’s knowledge of HIV/AIDS, misconceptions and practices in the areas of virology, mode of transmission, prevention.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in five tertiary care hospitals of Kolkata, for a period of three months. The sample size of 250 nursing staffs from 5 hospitals were selected by applying simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by oral questionnaire method and results were analysed by appropriate statistical methods.Results: Among the 250 respondents, 62% received training on HIV/AIDS, 79.6% were aware of the fact that HIV/AIDS is caused by a virus, 86% of respondents correctly know that HIV is the agent that causes AIDS and 65% of respondents correctly answered that later stage of HIV is known as AIDS. It was observed that most of the respondents (94%) have good knowledge about spread of HIV via different modes of sexual contact. The fact that AIDS can be transmitted through blood in various ways is also known to most of nurses.Conclusions: The results of this study can be utilized in stressing on the importance of imparting training to the nurses and other healthcare workers related to HIV/AIDS patient care.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN AMONG SURGEONS IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS OF LAHORE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Amirah Zafar ◽  
Saad Akhtar  ◽  
Umar Sadiq ◽  
Sobia Sobia
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Past History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postural Alignment ◽  
History Of

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of non-specific neck pain among Surgeons in different hospitals of Lahore and developed some guidelines to reduce the occupational hazards. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was collected from surgeons working in tertiary care hospitals of Lahore Inclusion criteria included Surgeons (25 years or above), both genders selected and Neck pain in cervical region, surgery of consecutive 2- 3 hours or more. Exclusion criteria included age under 25 years, any neurological disorders, cerebrovascular insufficiency, Past history of Infection and Malignancy, any Structural disorders and Trauma. Data was collected by questionnaire form set on paper. Results: Non-specific neck pain has positive statistically significant association with “Starting of Neck Pain Surgical Day”, “Starting of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day”, “Worsening of Neck Pain Surgical Day” and “Worsening of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day Conclusion: It concluded that the surgeons are not getting neck pain due to the surgical activities but it may worsen by their surgical activities of consecutive 3 hours if they already have some neck-related problems. Recommendations: Prolong working hours should be reduced which ultimately affect their ergonomics and posture of neck. By reducing consecutive hours of surgery neck pain can be minimized. Surgeons should be trained about their postural alignment while performing surgeries as to prevent maximum stress on neck musculature to avoid neck pain.

scholarly journals Predictors of hypertension among rural people of western Maharashtra: a multivariate analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3825
Author(s):  
Anup L. Kharde ◽  
Rutuja M. Phulambrikar ◽  
Jayant D. Deshpande ◽  
Varsha N. Mahavarkar ◽  
Amruta A. Kharde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of

Background: Hypertension causes morbidity as well as increases mortality either by acting independently or by affecting multiple organ system. Risk factors of hypertension are categorized as modifiable or non-modifiable risk factors. Early identification of these risk factors is not only essential for prediction of hypertension and but also to reduce effect associated with it.Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at field practice area of tertiary care teaching hospital of western Maharashtra. Total 1537 sample sized was achieved using systematic random sampling technique. All the village individuals, both male and female, over 18 years of age were included in the study whereas, pregnant women, extremely debilitated persons and subjects who were not willing to give informed consent were excluded. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection.Results: In present study the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 11.49% (117). On regression analysis risk factors like age, BMI, high salt intake, family history of blood pressure etc., were found to be associated with hypertension.Conclusions: The present study showed a higher prevalence of both hypertension among the rural population and risk factors such as age, obesity, elite social class, high salt intake, family history of blood pressure were the predictors of the hypertension.

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