scholarly journals Soil Type as One of the Major Contributing Factors for Top Ten Agri-Producing States of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 790-811
Author(s):  
Arpita Kullu ◽  
Alisha Mohanty ◽  
Binayak Prasad ◽  
Rajashree Rajasmita Dehury ◽  
Pratikshya Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Indian Soils ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Major Factors

A heterogeneous mixture of small rock particles/debris and organic materials/humus is called soil. It is usually produced over the surface of the earth and helps in the sustenance of autotrophic life in plant. India is an agriculture based country in which West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka are considered as the top ten stated for their higher agricultural productivity. For higher agricultural productivity, knowledge of soil type, composition, texture, fertility, etc. is highly essential. However, no review article is presently summarising whether the soil type contributes as one of the major factors for the above top ten ranked agri-producing states of India. Here we review and found that the soil type could be one of the major reasons why the above states topped the list in agricultural attributes to India. As per India classification, both urvara (fertile) and usara (sterile) soils are found in the country. Majority of Indian soils harboring the agriculture of the above states are alluvial soil (43%), red soil (18.5%), black/regur soil (15%) and the rest are arid/desert soil, laterite soil, saline soil, peaty/marshy soil, forest soil and sub-mountain soil that harbors the agriculture in India in general and in the above states in particular. Therefore, the soil type present in the above states is one of the most contributing factors for the higher agriculture productivity in India.

scholarly journals Unsafe medication administration experience in nursing practice at Public Hospitals of Harari region, eastern Ethiopia: Phenomenological Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gelana Fekadu ◽  
Amanuel Oljira ◽  
Biftu Geda ◽  
Gudina Egata
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Background: The unsafe medication administration is one of the most medication related problems which causes harm and death to the patients and threatens the healthcare system. Given medication administration is predominantly the role of nurses. This study was aimed to explore the nurse’s experience of unsafe medication administration at public hospitals in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A phenomenological study design was conducted and the data were collected from 11 nurses from March 1 to March 31, 2019. The tape recorder and note taking was used to collect the data by in-depth interviews and key informant interviews. Open code software version 3.4 was used to write memos, coding and categorizing under their inductive thematic areas. Thematic analysis method were used.Result: The study had explored nurse’s experience and contributing factors for unsafe medication administration. Nurses have reported that they have ever experienced unsafe medication administration like, wrong time, medication, patient and self-stick injury during their practice. i) Organizational factors: inadequate resource, lack of clear policy and job description, lack of supervision and poor collaboration among staffs. The identified themes were, ii) Precondition challenges: expensive medication, frequently changed and too much prescription for a single patient, new medications with limited information. iii) Individual nurses factor: work absenteeism, lack of training and knowledge gap.Conclusion: The organizational culture, precondition challenges and individual nurse’s factors was found to be a major factors linked to unsafe medication administration practice. So tailored intervention is needed to reduce the unsafe medication administration in nursing practice.

The development of an historical baseline of water balance and environmental flows

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Papworth ◽  
B. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
General Estimate ◽  
Australian Water ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
European Agriculture

This paper has been motivated by a desire to put some numbers beside the label of sustainability as is currently applied to water related issues. Of particular interest is a general estimate of the water balance and environmental flows during the time intervals before Aboriginal arrival, when the land was being managed in an environmentally sustainable manner by the Aboriginals, and most recently following European settlement. This will be considered in an Australia-wide context, because the continent is geographically diverse, being mostly arid desert, with limited areas of fertile soils. Climate variation ranging from a hot tropical north to a cool temperate south will also be discussed. Attention will be given to the major factors that have influenced the water balance, including the extinction of Australian megafauna, the effects of “fire-stick” farming and the clearance of land for European agriculture with its consequences. It is hoped that the findings will increase our understanding of Australian water resources, and promote a greater appreciation of the fragility of this ancient landscape on which we dwell.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF A NATIONAL LEVEL SCHEME FOR UPLIFTING RURAL POPULATION THROUGH FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: EVIDENCES FROM RURAL INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-58
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
National Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Major Factors

This study aims to understand the factors that encourage the people from rural background to access the banking Services offered under a financial inclusion scheme, with evidences from a developing country, India. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), scheme launched by Government of India, has an objective of connecting the banking industry with the people residing in the remote areas of the country. The research is aimed to gauge the PMJDY’s accomplishments in terms of fulfilment of its objectives. The research helps in getting a ground level feedback of the financial inclusion schemes’ achievements and issues involved in its successful implementation. This study also explores the perceptions of the individuals regarding the benefits offered by the scheme. A field survey of 2446 respondents was conducted in Purvanchal region of Uttar Pradesh, India. The questionnaire was constructed based on the theoretical model built after an extensive review of literature in the field of financial inclusion. The results from the analysis indicate that the awareness about the scheme and support by authorities are the two major factors that contribute to the successful implementation of a financial inclusion scheme. Overall awareness and availing of banking services under PMJDY scheme has been initiated but not uniformly.

scholarly journals Salting the Earth: Intentional Application of Common Salt to Australian Farmland during the Nineteenth Century

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3806-3822
Author(s):  
Dirk H.R. Spennemann
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Salinity Control ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Impact

During the nineteenth century, common salt (NaCl) was liberally applied to Australian farmland as a manure to improve productivity and as a fungicide to prevent, or at least reduce, the impact of rust in wheat. In an age where salinity control is paramount for biodiversity and agricultural productivity alike, it is worth reflecting that during the nineteenth century salt was intentionally applied as a manure to improve soil productivity. This paper traces the origin and extent of this practice in Australia.

scholarly journals Effect micro-nutrients and farm yard manure on soil properties and yield of maize (Zea mays l.) in lower Indo-Gangetic Plain of Uttar Pradesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Devesh Pratap ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Om Kumar ◽  
K.S. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Weight Test

The objective of the study to find the suitable treatment combination between the combination of compaction, micronutrients and farmyard manure, which enhanced physical, chemical properties of soil and yield for alluvial soil. The maximum particle density (3.01g/cc), water holding capacity (58.23 %) and pore space (63.40 %) were observed in the treatment T3 (C3I3M3), whereas maximum bulk density (1.09 g/cc) was observed in the treatment T1 (C1I1M1). The maximum EC (0.58dS m-1), Organic carbon (0.66 %), available nitrogen (279.76 kg/ha), phosphorous (19.62 kg P2O5/ha) potash (194.90 kg K2O/ha), zinc (0.65 ppm) and sulfur (14.89 ppm) were found in treatment T3 (C3I3M3). The electrical conductivity gradually increased from control (C0I0M0-0.45) to T3 (C3I3M3-0.58) dSm-1 . The maximum dry weight, test weight and yield were found in the treatment T2 (C2I2M2) viz., 154.43, (230.33 and 50.50 qha-1 respectively for alluvial soil.

scholarly journals Transportation, Germs, Culture: A Dynamic Graph Model of 2019-nCoV Spread

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Yang ◽  
Tun Xu ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Han Xia ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Dynamic Graph ◽  
Model And Simulation ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Precise Prediction ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Major Factors

Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) at the hardest-hit city of Wuhan, the fast-moving spread has killed over three hundred people and infected more than ten thousands in China1. There are more than one hundred cases outside of China, affecting a dozen of countries globally2. The genome sequence of 2019-nCoV has been reported and fast diagnostic kits, effective treatment as well as preventive vaccines are rapidly being developed3. Initial fast-growing confirmed cases triggered lock-down of Wuhan as well as nearby cities in Hubei Province. Mathematical models have been proposed by scientists around the world to project the numbers of infected cases in the coming days 4,5. However, major factors such as transportation and cultural customs have not been weighed enough. Our model is not set out for precise prediction of the number of infected cases, rather, it is meant for a glance of the dynamics under a public epidemic emergency situation and of different contributing factors. We hope that our model and simulation would provide more insights and perspective information to public health authorities around the globe for better informed prevention and containment solution.

scholarly journals Phytate and phytase: consequences for protein utilisation

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Selle ◽  
V Ravindran ◽  
A Caldwell ◽  
W. L Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Protein Utilisation ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Feed Enzymes ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractThe excretion of large amounts of P in effluent from intensive pig and poultry units is indicative of the poor availability of phytate-bound P in plant-derived feed ingredients. This environmental problem prompted the development and acceptance of microbial phytase feed enzymes for single-stomached animals. Their introduction led to an increasing recognition that phytate may have adverse effects on protein utilisation in addition to P. Consequently, the nutritional relevance of protein–phytate interactions for pigs and poultry is considered in the present review. Since the current understanding of the effects of protein–phytate interactions comes mainly from responses obtained to added phytase, literature on the influence of microbial phytases on amino acid digestibility and utilisation is summarised, followed by a discussion of possible mechanisms contributing to the negative effects of phytate. However, the rationale for the protein responses to added phytase remains largely speculative, and several modes of action are probably involved. It may be that the release of protein from protein–phytate complexes occurring naturally in feed ingredients, the prevention of formation of binary and ternary protein–phytate complexes within the gut, the alleviation of the negative impact of phytate on digestive enzymes and the reduction in endogenous amino acid losses are all contributing factors. A better understanding of the mechanisms of protein–phytate interactions and the modes of action of exogenous phytase enzymes is clearly desirable. Studies are also needed to identify and quantify the factors that contribute to the variable amino acid responses to added phytase. It appears that the relative solubilities of phytate salts and proteins from different feed ingredients and their effects on the extent of protein–phytate complex formation, coupled with variations in the effectiveness of phytase in different dietary contexts, may be the major factors responsible.

Spatial analysis of COVID-19 for the state of Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Meet Fatewar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Shruti Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
The State ◽  
Spatial Statistical Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

The world is struggling to combat COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic has affected millions of people all across the globe since the first case has been reported in the Wuhan city of China in December 2019. India is the second most affected country in the world with more than 8.5 million confirmed cases (as of 10 November 2020) after USA. India is facing an unprecedented crisis due to the pandemic, leading to the Nation’s economy to a near standstill. The share of COVID-19 confirmed cases in six most affected States of India is approximately 60 percent. The analytical research tries to assess the impact of COVID-19 through spatial-statistical analysis for the state of Uttar Pradesh, which is one of the most affected states by COVID-19 in India. The detailed analysis has been carried out at district level. The impact of pandemic is more in regions (or districts), which are either having metropolis or airports along with high population density and growth rate during the last decade. Furthermore, inadequate number of health infrastructure facilities and low number of testing are some of the major factors making the situation worse in India. The spatial-statistical analysis enables to understand the pattern of spreading of disease by identifying the hot-spot areas, perceiving the trend of transmission of disease spatially, and understanding the extent of the pandemic over a period of time.

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