Evaluation of Chemical Profiles and Biological Properties of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. Volatile oils from Nigeria

Abstract The Atlantic Forest is regarded a rich source of aromatic plants with a broad spectrum of biological properties. The leaves of seven Piper species were collected from the Atlantic Forest domain in the coastal region of Paraná state in winter (W) and spring (S). The volatile oils were extracted from the leaves through hydrodistillation method. The volatile oils were characterized by means of GC-FID and GC-MS. Sesquiterpenes were among the major compounds in all species studied, with many dozens of representatives. However, very low concentrations of monoterpenes were observed; α-pinene in Piper mosenii and P. cernuum, δ-3-carene in P. rivinoides, camphene and β-pinene in P. cernuum are exceptions. The arylpropanoides myristicine and elemicin were found in considerable amount in P. diospyrifolium (26.2%/S) and P. mosenii (16.4%/W), respectively. These oils were also screened for inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase (AG). For AChE the most active samples were P. diospyrifolium, P. aduncum and P. cernuum, with inhibiting level > 93%. For the less sensitive AG, the most promising candidates were P. diospyrifolium and P. mosenii, with inhibiting level > 65%. These results highlight the importance of native plants as renewable source of new inhibitors for AChE and AG. Further investigation is required to identify the most active constituents or fractions from the selected volatile oils.

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A Review of the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Biological Activities of the Genus Ballota and Otostegia

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-0953-6165 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (11/12) ◽

pp. 869-910

Author(s):

Sergio Rosselli ◽

Gianfranco Fontana ◽

Maurizio Bruno

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

North Africa ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Ancient Times ◽

The Mediterranean

AbstractThe 2 genera Ballota and Otostegia, belonging to the Lamiaceae family, are closely related taxonomically and found mainly in the Mediterranean area, Middle East, and North Africa. Since ancient times, they have been largely employed in traditional medicine for their biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, anti-malaria, etc. Phytochemical investigations of Ballota and Otostegia species have revealed that diterpenoids are the main constituents of the genera. A large number of flavonoids and other metabolites were also identified. This review, covering literature from 1911 up to 2018, includes traditional uses, chemical profiles (both of volatile and nonvolatile metabolites), and biological properties of all the taxa of these 2 genera studied to date.

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Natural drug sources for respiratory diseases from Fritillaria: chemical and biological analyses

Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13020-021-00450-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ye Wang ◽

Hongping Hou ◽

Qiang Ren ◽

Haoyu Hu ◽

Tiechui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Compound Identification ◽

Active Components ◽

Comprehensive Description ◽

Specialized Metabolites ◽

Chemical Profiles

AbstractFritillaria naturally grows in the temperate region of Northern Hemisphere and mainly distributes in Central Asia, Mediterranean region, and North America. The dried bulbs from a dozen species of this genus have been usually used as herbal medicine, named Beimu in China. Beimu had rich sources of phytochemicals and have extensively applied to respiratory diseases including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Fritillaria species have alkaloids that act as the main active components that contribute multiple biological activities, including anti-tussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects, especially against certain respiratory diseases. Other compounds (terpenoids, steroidal saponins, and phenylpropanoids) have also been identified in species of Fritillaria. In this review, readers will discover a brief summary of traditional uses and a comprehensive description of the chemical profiles, biological properties, and analytical techniques used for quality control. In general, the detailed summary reveals 293 specialized metabolites that have been isolated and analyzed in Fritillaria species. This review may provide a scientific basis for the chemical ecology and metabolomics in which compound identification of certain species remains a limiting step.

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Polyphenol Profile and Biological Activity Comparisons of Different Parts of Astragalus macrocephalus subsp. finitimus from Turkey

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology9080231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 231 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cengiz Sarikurkcu ◽

Gokhan Zengin

Keyword(s):

Reducing Power ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Metal Chelating ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Bioactive Agents ◽

Polyphenol Profile ◽

Ferulic Acids ◽

Different Parts

The members of the genus Astragalus have great interest as traditional drugs in several folk systems including Turkey. In this sense, the present paper was aimed to explore the biological properties and chemical profiles of different parts (aerial parts, leaves, flowers, stems, and roots) of A. macrocephalus subsp. finitimus. Antioxidant (radical quenching, reducing power, and metal chelating) and enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase and tyrosinase) effects were investigated for biological properties. Regarding chemical profiles, individual phenolic compounds were detected by LC-MS, as well as total amounts. The leaves extract exhibited the strongest antioxidant abilities when compared with other parts. However, flowers extract had the best metal chelating ability. Hyperoside, apigenin, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were identified as main compounds in the tested parts. Regarding enzyme inhibitory properties, tyrosinase inhibitory effects varied from IC50: 1.02 to 1.41 mg/mL. In addition, the best amylase inhibition effect was observed by leaves (3.36 mg/mL), followed by aerial parts, roots, stems, and flowers. As a result, from multivariate analysis, the tested parts were classified in three cluster. Summing up the results, it can be concluded that A. macrocephalus subsp. finitimus could be a precious source of natural bioactive agents in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.

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Chemometric Screening of Fourteen Essential Oils for Their Composition and Biological Properties

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25215126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 5126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Filomena Monica Vella ◽

Roberto Calandrelli ◽

Domenico Cautela ◽

Immacolata Fiume ◽

Gabriella Pocsfalvi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Principal Component ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Tea Tree ◽

Star Anise ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Yin Yang ◽

Chemical Profiles

Essential oils (EOs) obtained from aromatic plants are widely used worldwide, especially in cosmetic and food products due to their aroma and biological properties and health benefits. Some EOs have significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and thus could effectively increase the shelf lives of foodstuff and beverages. In this study, fourteen essential oils (clove, eucalyptus, fennel, lavender, oregano, palmarosa, pepper, star anise, tea tree, turmeric, Chinese yin yang, Japanese yin yang, and ylang ylang) from different medicinal plant families were screened by gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for their different chemical profiles and bioassays were performed to assess their antifungal and antioxidant activities. The results obtained were assessed by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA distinguished six groups characterized by different terpene chemotypes. Amongst the EOs studied, the clove EO showed the strongest antioxidant activity characterized by an EC50 of 0.36 µL/mL. The oregano EO had the greatest antiyeast activity characterized by a minimal inhibitory concentration of 10 µL/mL. In conclusion, clove and oregano EOs are strong antifungal and antioxidant agents, respectively, with great potential in the food industry to avoid spoilage and to increase shelf life.

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A comparative study on biological properties and chemical profiles of different solvent extracts from Centaurea bingoelensis, an endemic plant of Turkey

Process Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 315-324

Author(s):

Ahmet Uysal ◽

Gokhan Zengin ◽

Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally ◽

Carene Picot-Allain ◽

József Jekő ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Endemic Plant ◽

Chemical Profiles

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Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Properties, and Recent Applications of Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10122749 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2749

Author(s):

Suganya Murugesu ◽

Jinap Selamat ◽

Vikneswari Perumal

Keyword(s):

Research Work ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Ficus Religiosa ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Ficus Benghalensis ◽

Major Species ◽

Wide Range

Ficus is one of the largest genera in the plant kingdom that belongs to the Moraceae family. This review aimed to summarize the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological actions of two major species from this genus, namely Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa. These species can be found abundantly in most Asian countries, including Malaysia. The chemical analysis report has shown that Ficus species contained a wide range of phytoconstituents, including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, sugar, protein, essential and volatile oils, and steroids. Existing studies on the pharmacological functions have revealed that the observed Ficus species possessed a broad range of biological properties, including antioxidants, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor and antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, anti-helminthic, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anticoagulant, immunomodulatory activities, antistress, toxicity studies, and mosquitocidal effects. Apart from the plant parts and their extracts, the endophytes residing in these host plants were discussed as well. This study also includes the recent applications of the Ficus species and their plant parts, mainly in the nanotechnology field. Various search engines and databases were used to obtain the scientific findings, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PMC, Research Gate, and Scopus. Overall, the review discusses the therapeutic potentials discovered in recent times and highlights the research gaps for prospective research work.

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Bioactive and Nutritional Potential of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant (MAP) Seasoning Mixtures

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1587

Author(s):

Cláudia Novais ◽

Carla Pereira ◽

Adriana K. Molina ◽

Ângela Liberal ◽

Maria Inês Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Properties ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Aromatic Plants ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽

Human Diet ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

Continuous Application ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Antitumor Properties

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), worldwide appreciated and used as condiments, dyes, and preservatives, possess several biological properties that justify their continuous application in the food industry. In the present study, the nutritional and chemical profiles, as well as the bioactive properties of four combinations of condiments, sold for seasoning poultry, meat, fish, and salads, were evaluated. Twenty-five phenolic compounds (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) were identified, with apigenin-O-malonyl-pentoside-hexoside as the major compound detected in all extracts. Oxalic and citric acids were identified in all mixtures (UFLC-PDA), as well as all the four tocopherol isoforms (HPLC-fluorescence). Regarding bioactivities, the mixtures for meat and salads (TBARS) and meat and poultry (OxHLIA) stood out for their antioxidant potential, whereas for the anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, the mixtures revealing the greatest results were those for poultry and salad, respectively. In terms of antimicrobial activity, all the mixtures revealed the capacity to inhibit the growth of some bacterial strains. In brief, condiment mixtures showed to be a good source of bioactive compounds, as they confer health benefits, validating the importance of their inclusion in the human diet as a good dietary practice.

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A comprehensive evaluation of the chemical profiles and biological properties of six geophytes from Turkey: Sources of bioactive compounds for novel nutraceuticals

Food Research International ◽

10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110068 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 110068

Author(s):

Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally ◽

Gokhan Zengin ◽

Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan ◽

Evren Yıldıztugay ◽

Devina Lobine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Chemical Profiles

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Three Dimensional structure and organization of diploid chromosomes by optical section microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100127608 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 633-635

Author(s):

David A. Agard ◽

Yasushi Hiraoka ◽

John W. Sedat

Keyword(s):

Dimensional Space ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Developmental State ◽

Mitotic Cell ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Three Dimensional Structure ◽

Complementary Techniques ◽

Dynamic Structures

In an effort to understand the complex relationship between structure and biological function within the nucleus, we have embarked on a program to examine the three-dimensional structure and organization of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic chromosomes. Our overall goal is to determine how DNA and proteins are organized into complex and highly dynamic structures (chromosomes) and how these chromosomes are arranged in three dimensional space within the cell nucleus. Futher, we hope to be able to correlate structual data with such fundamental biological properties as stage in the mitotic cell cycle, developmental state and transcription at specific gene loci.Towards this end, we have been developing methodologies for the three-dimensional analysis of non-crystalline biological specimens using optical and electron microscopy. We feel that the combination of these two complementary techniques allows an unprecedented look at the structural organization of cellular components ranging in size from 100A to 100 microns.

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