Operating Mechanism of China’s Western Border Areas Governance from the Perspective of New Regionalism

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Mechanism ◽  
New Regionalism ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Border Areas

The Evolving Protection of Borders of the Reborn Second Republic of Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol Special Issue ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Paweł Lubiewski
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Border Conflicts ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Patchy Population

The Second Republic of Poland, after regaining independence as a new state and creating state structures, faced many serious challenges. Barely formed boundaries required effective protection as soon as possible. An important problem was the process of gradually gaining power over the borders. While its protection system was developing on the western border, regular military operations continued in the east. This task was not facilitated by the incompletely resolved border conflicts and the ethnically patchy population living in the border areas. One of the most serious problems was the lack of experience in protecting the state borders caused by the loss of independence. For the above reasons, the process of developing the border protection system of the Second Polish Republic lasted several years. How difficult that task was is shown by the number of border formations that were brought into existence at that time, subjecting them to various modifications. As a consequence, due to difficult relations between the Republic and neighboring states, the developed system of border protection was not uniform. It also had to face still not fully stabilised situation in Europe.

scholarly journals Comparing diet composition and growth of children living in two limitary Greek islands (Samos and Corfu)

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1284-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G Grammatikopoulou ◽  
Efstratia Daskalou ◽  
Margarita Hatzopoulou ◽  
Loukia Sourtzinou ◽  
Maria Tsigga
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Italian Children

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to assess differences in dietary intake and growth of pre-schoolers and schoolchildren living in two limitary Greek islands; Samos, situated on the eastern border, and Corfu, situated on the western border.DesignCross-sectional two-site study.MethodsA total of 248 children aged 3–12 years from the two islands participated in the survey. Body weight and height were recorded and Z-scores were calculated. A 3 d food record was collected for each child, computer-analysed and compared with the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA). Intakes ≤70 % of the RDA were considered inadequate.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight in participants from Samos and Corfu was 10·7 % and 6·5 % respectively, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. In Corfu, the diet comprised 52 % carbohydrate, 34 % fat and 14 % protein, all different from the composition of the Samian diet (42 % carbohydrate, 39 % fat, 19 % protein; P ≤ 0·05). Inadequacies in micronutrient intake were evident only in the diet of Samos and concerned folate and P of the pre-schoolers and biotin of the school-aged participants. The diet in Corfu was more similar to the overall Mediterranean pattern as well as that of Italian children. Growth and overweight trends in Corfu resembled the ones in Italy, whereas in Samos, similarities were identified with trends from Turkey.ConclusionsBorder areas at a distance from the mainland exhibit different dietary intakes compared with rest of the country; thus when designing nutrition surveys the setting should also include such limitary areas.

scholarly journals TOURISM IN THE SYSTEM OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Olha Liubitseva ◽  
Sergey Syrovets ◽  
Diana Urbanska
Keyword(s):  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Transit Traffic ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
Recreation And Tourism

Goal. Describe the areas of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine in the field of recreation and tourism. Many publications of both foreign and domestic authors, mainly of economic and legal content, are devoted to the study of cross-border and later cross-border cooperation. activities. The method consisted of processing the literary and statistical material collected by the authors on border and transit traffic as components of export-import relations in the field of travel and their infrastructure, as well as the formation and promotion of tourist products formed to get acquainted with neighboring Ukrainian ethnic lands. Scientific novelty. New approaches to the consideration of cross-border cooperation in the field of tourism and recreation through the prism of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine with neighboring countries are proposed. An example of the development of cross-border cooperation is the development of a cross-border tour between the Verkhovyna district of Ivano-Frankivsk region and the Maramures district of Romania in the Marmara region. One of the ways to intensify international tourism is the use of cross-border natural and recreational and historical and cultural, especially ethnographic, resources through the formation of a comprehensive tourism product in the segment of cognitive tourism. Results. The provision of the state border of Ukraine with checkpoints and control is described, as well as a regional analysis of the main partner countries of Ukraine in the market of tourist services, developed a technological map of the tourist route "From Verkhovyna, shrouded in legends, to the impressive Maramures." The practical significance lies in paying attention to the possibilities of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine with neighboring countries, especially on the western border, on the joint use of border areas for the development of recreational activities and tourism. Cross-border cooperation in the field of recreation and tourism involves the joint use of border areas for recreational and tourist purposes. These can include border tourist traffic, transit traffic through checkpoints and the organization of tours in the border ethnic Ukrainian lands.

Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Ravinder K Gupta ◽  
Vallabh Dogra ◽  
Himani Badyal
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

Politični položaj na Slovenskem leta 1919

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2020) (2) ◽  
pp. 359-394
Author(s):  
Jurij Perovšek
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
New Era ◽  
Party Organisation ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
First Time ◽  
Similar Development

For Slovenes in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes the year 1919 represented the final step to a new political beginning. With the end of the united all-Slovene liberal party organisation and the formation of separate liberal parties, the political party life faced a new era. Similar development was showing also in the Marxist camp. The Catholic camp was united. For the first time, Slovenes from all political camps took part in the state government politics and parliament work. They faced the diminishing of the independence, which was gained in the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and the mutual fight for its preservation or abolition. This was the beginning of national-political separations in the later Yugoslav state. The year 1919 was characterized also by the establishment of the Slovene university and early occurrences of social discontent. A declaration about the new historical phenomenon – Bolshevism, had to be made. While the region of Prekmurje was integrated to the new state, the questions of the Western border and the situation with Carinthia were not resolved. For the Slovene history, the year 1919 presents a multi-transitional year.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document