Characterization of the microbial community in the gut of Centrocestus formosanus

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
T. O. Femi‐Ola ◽  
T. O. Oladokun ◽  
S. O. Osidero
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative

The antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria associated with the gut of Centrocestus formosanus, an aggressive wood‐eating termite was investigated. The bacterial isolates encountered were Serratia marcescens, Acetobacter posterianus, Flavobacterium rigense, Xanthomonas spp, Citrobacter freundii, Erwinia cacticida, Aeromonas salmonicida, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus mengaterium, Cellulomonas biozota and Lactobacillus fermentii. Among the Gram negative bacterial isolates, resistance to Ceftezidine, and Ampicilin was 100% respectively, while resistance to Ciprofloxacin was 12.5%. However, the Gram positive bacterial isolates showed 100% resistance to Cotrimoxazole, Augmentin, Streptomycin and Chloramphenicol respectively. The least resistance was towards Gentamicin (33.3%). All the bacterial isolates exhibited lipase and protease activity; while 63.6% and 72.7% showed cellulolytic and amylolytic activities respectively.

scholarly journals Aerobic Bacteriological and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Pus Isolates from A Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1961-1966
Author(s):  
A. Deboral ◽  
Namrata K. Bhosale ◽  
S. Umadevi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative

The antibiotic resistance pattern was observed significantly in various geographical locations. Routine surveillance is therefore essential for constant monitoring of AMR rates in the clinically important pathogens. It is imperative to track the changing resistance pattern over time, to guide proper therapeutic strategies to combat infections due to drug-resistant pathogens. This study aims to highlights the distribution of aerobic bacterial isolated from pus samples, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics collected during 2017 (July to December) in a tertiary care hospital. Nearly 637 clinical pus samples were received during July to December 2017 to the Department of Microbiology, Tertiary care hospital, Puducherry. Bacterial identification was performed using standard conventional biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility was carried out according to CLSI guidelines 2017 on each one of the aerobic bacterial isolates from the pus samples. Among the isolates 76.5% were Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) as well as 23.5% were Gram-positive cocci (GPC). The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas spp 24.88% (108 in 434), followed by Escherichia coli 21.66% (94 in 434), Staphylococcus aureus 19.82% (86 in 434) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.13% (57 in 434). Of the 86 (19.82%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 16 (18.40%) were MRSA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly susceptible to the carbapenems and least susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most resistant organism according to this study and showed the least susceptibility to ceftriaxone and maximum susceptibility to aminoglycosides. This study concluded that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate was found to be a predominant in our clinical pus samples. Gram negative bacteria are more commonly associated with the pyogenic lesion that Gram positive. A high level of an antibiotic resistance was observed in most of our bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance pattern among aerobic bacterial isolates from osteomyelitis cases attending a Tertiary care hospital of North India with special reference to ESBL, AmpC, MBL and MRSA production

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Razia Khatoon ◽  
Shameem Ahmad Khan ◽  
Noor Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern

Background: Osteomyelitis is a common cause of morbidity in developing countries. Its treatment comprises of surgical debridement of all necrotic bone and soft tissue along with use of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Treatment is becoming increasingly troublesome due to rise in drug resistant isolates in osteomyelitis cases. The present study was done to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern among aerobic bacterial isolates from osteomyelitis cases.Methods: 125 samples from osteomyelitis cases were aerobically cultured and isolates from culture positives were identified by standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Staphylococcal isolates were screened for methicillin resistance and Gram negative bacilli were screened and confirmed for ESBL, AmpC and MBL production.Results: Out of 125 samples cultured, 20 were culture negative and 105 were culture positive giving rise to 120 isolates (58 Gram positive and 62 Gram negative organisms). The prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcal (MRS) isolates, ESBL, AmpC and MBL producers was found to be 43.1%, 51.6%, 24.2% and 14.5% respectively. All the resistant isolates were multidrug resistant, with MRS being 100% sensitive only to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin, ESBL and AmpC producers being 100% sensitive only to imipenem and colistin, and MBL producers being 100% sensitive only to colistin.Conclusions: Antibiotic therapy on the basis of antibiotic susceptibility pattern helps the clinician to choose appropriate drugs leading to successful treatment and prevention of emergence and dissemination of drug resistant isolates.

scholarly journals A one-year study of bacterial isolates causing Healthcare Acquired Infection (HAI) and their antibiotic resistance pattern at a private hospital in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Rasha Mosbah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
One Year

The present study included 210 inpatients, out of them 180 were diagnosed as suspected cases of sepsis in the period over 12 months from December 2018 to December 2019, at a private hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Out of 210 investigated cases 180 (85.7%) were infected. Single bacterial isolates were recovered from 120 cases (66.7%), while 60 (33.3%) cases were found to be carrying more than one bacterial isolate. The results of the current study revealed that 34.4% (62/180) of isolates were Gram-positive and 65.6% (118/180) were Gram-negative.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Pattern of Acinetobacter Antibiotic Resistance in the Patients Admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran (2016 - 2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marya Shirvani ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Zamanian ◽  
Alireza Janbakhsh ◽  
Babak Sayad ◽  
Siavash Vaziri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Acinetobacter is a gram-negative coccobacillus, which is widespread in nature and causes several nosocomial infections, such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infections, conjunctivitis, and bacteremia. Acinetobacter has also demonstrated resistance against multiple antimicrobial agents. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolated Acinetobacter strains from the patients admitted to various wards of Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 726 patients with positive Acinetobacter cultures at Imam Reza hospital during 2016 - 2018. Bacterial isolates were identified using laboratory tests and based on the CLSI protocol, and the standard disc-diffusion method was used assess antibiotic susceptibility. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20. Results: Most of the Acinetobacter-positive cases were isolated from the intensive care units (75.88%) and sputum (73.3%) and urine samples (10.1%). In addition, the highest and lowest resistance rate of the isolates was observed against ceftriaxone (96.6%) and ampicillin-sulbactam (58.7%), respectively. Conclusions: According to the results, the bacterial isolates were multiple-drug resistant and showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole, ceftriaxone, cefepime, gentamicin, imipenem, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and amikacin. The high resistance to imipenem is rather alarming as it is considered the 'last resort' in the treatment of the infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, monitoring programs are recommended to prevent the misuse of this drug in hospitals.

The Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patient Samples in a University Affiliated Hospital in Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1783
Author(s):  
Andreea-Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Marina Alina Lungu ◽  
Cristiana Cerasella Dragomirescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the patients aged between 18-64 years, admitted in a ICU from a 1518-bed university-affiliated hospital. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 351 patients aged between 18-64 years admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. In this study there were analysed 469 samples from 351 patients (18-64 years). A total of 566 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 120 strains of Klebsiella spp. (35.39%%), followed by Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli, other than Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter (NFB) (75- 22.12%), Acinetobacter spp. (53 - 15.63%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus (51 - 15.04%), and Escherichia coli (49 - 14.45%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (394 isolates � 69.61%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (64.70%), MRSA (62.65%) and Klebsiella spp. (53.33%), while almost all of the isolated NFB strains were MDR (97.33%). There was statistic difference between the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella and E. coli strains to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone (p[0.001), cefuroxime (p[0.01) and to cefepime (p[0.01). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates.

scholarly journals Characterization of the 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] associated with a sulI-type integron.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hannecart-Pokorni ◽  
F Depuydt ◽  
L de wit ◽  
E van Bossuyt ◽  
J Content ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Insert Region ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The amikacin resistance gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] from Citrobacter freundii Cf155 encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase was characterized. The gene was identified as a coding sequence of 521 bp located down-stream from the 5' conserved segment of an integron. The sequence of this aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene corresponded to a protein of 173 amino acids which possessed 64.2% identity in a 165-amino-acid overlap with the aac(6')-Ia gene product (F.C. Tenover, D. Filpula, K.L. Phillips, and J. J. Plorde, J. Bacteriol. 170:471-473, 1988). By using PCR, the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene could be detected in 8 of 86 gram-negative clinical isolates from two Belgian hospitals, including isolates of Citrobacter, Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia coli. PCR mapping of the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene environment in these isolates indicated that the gene was located within a sulI-type integron; the insert region is 1,700 bases long and includes two genes cassettes, the second being ant (3")-Ib.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Superpolymyxin and ChromID Colistin R Screening Media for the Detection of Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Spiked Rectal Swabs

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Girlich ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Laurent Dortet
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rectal Swabs ◽  
Stool Samples

ABSTRACT The dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) has led to the increased use of colistin, which has resulted in the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. One of the most threatening scenarios is the dissemination of colistin resistance in CPE, particularly the plasmid-encoded resistance element MCR. Thus, it has now become mandatory to possess reliable media to screen for colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacterial isolates, especially Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, we evaluated the performances of the Superpolymyxin medium (ELITechGroup) and the ChromID Colistin R medium (bioMérieux) to screen for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from spiked rectal swabs. Stool samples were spiked with a total of 94 enterobacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Enterobacter cloacae), including 53 colistin-resistant isolates. ESwabs (Copan Diagnostics) were then inoculated with those spiked fecal suspensions, and culture proceeded as recommended by both manufacturers. The sensitivity of detection of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was 86.8% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 74.0% to 94.0%) using both the Superpolymyxin medium and the ChromID Colistin R plates. Surprisingly, the isolates that were not detected were not the same for both media. The specificities were high for both media, at 97.9% (95% CI = 87.3% to 99.9%) for the Superpolymyxin medium and 100% (95% CI = 90.4% to 100%) for the ChromID Colistin R medium. Both commercially available media, ChromID Colistin R and Superpolymyxin, provide useful tools to screen for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from patient samples (rectal swabs) regardless of the level and mechanism of colistin resistance.

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