scholarly journals MODELING OF THE SPREAD OF MOTOR TRANSPORT NOISE IN ŠIAULIAI CITY / AUTOTRANSPORTO TRIUKŠMO SKLAIDOS ŠIAULIUOSE MODELIAVIMAS / МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАССЕЯНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ШУМА В ГОРОДЕ ШЯУЛЯЙ

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonas Paulauskas ◽  
Robertas Klimas
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computer ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Measurement ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Environment Noise ◽  
Level Detector

Rapidly growing urbanization causes the increase of noise level of various sources, that have a negative impact upon people's health. The contribution of noise caused by motor transport in city environment composes up to 80% of general impact of all the sources. The article presents the results of modeling of the spread of motor transport noise of Šiauliai city, maps of motor transport noise, recommendations for management of environment noise. MapNoise programme module, adapted to work in the ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 environment, was used for modeling motor transport noise. Noise measurement researches have been carried out using digital noise isolator Nor121, completed with digital level detector. NorXfar software was used to send the data to personal computer. Having evaluated the validity of modeling results it has been determined that the difference between the night noise modeling and measurement results does not exceed 2.2%, and varies from 0.5dB(A) to 1.1 dB(A). The obtained results indicate that 7.2% of the apartments of all city residents are influenced by the LDEN noise that exceeds the permitted noise level (LDEN >65 dB(A)) and 31.2% of the apartments of the residents are influenced by night noise that exceeds the permitted noise level (LN > 55 dB(A)). Santrauka Sparčiai vykstant urbanizacijos procesui, kinta įvairių šaltinių keliamo triukšmo lygis, didėja neigiama įtaka žmonių sveikatai. Miestų aplinkoje iki 80 % visuminio visų triukšmo šaltinių poveikio tenka autotransporto keliamam triukšmui.Straipsnyje pateikta autotransporto triukšmo sklaidos Šiauliuose modeliavimo rezultatai, autotransporto triukšmo žemėlapiai, aplinkos triukšmo valdymo rekomendacijos. Autotransporto triukšmui modeliuoti naudotas MapNoise programinismodulis, pritaikytas darbui ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 aplinkoje. Iš rezultatų matyti, kad 7,2% visų miesto gyventojų būstų yra veikiami paros triukšmo, viršijančio leidžiamąjį triukšmo lygį (LDVN > 65 dB(A)), ir 31,2% gyventojų būstų veikiami nakties triukšmo, viršijančio leidžiamąjį triukšmo lygį (LN > 55 dB(A)). Įvertinus modeliavimo rezultatų patikimumą nustatyta, kad paros ir nakties triukšmo modeliavimo ir matavimo rezultatų neatitiktis neviršija 2,2 % ir svyruoja nuo 0,5dB(A) iki 1,1dB(A). Резюме При быстром росте урбанизации увеличивается уровень шума, создаваемого разными источниками и отрицательно влияющего на здоровье населения. Шум от автотранспорта в городах составляет около 80% от всех источников шума. В статье представлены результаты моделирования рассеяния шума от автотранспорта в городеШяуляй, карты автотранспортного шума, рекомендации по управлению шумом в окружающей среде. Приизмерении шума был использован числовой анализатор шума № 121, укомплектованный с числовым детекторомуровня RMS. Для передачи данных в персональный компьютер использована программа NorXfer. Для моделирования автотранспортного шума использован программный модуль MapNoise, приспособленный дляработы в среде ArcGIS desktop 9.1. При анализе достоверности результатов моделирования было установлено, чтоих отличие от результатов измерения шума в течение суток и ночное время не превышает 2,2% и колеблется от0,5дБ(A) до 1,1дБ(A). Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что 7,2% жилых помещений городаподвергаются суточному шуму, уровень которого превышает допустимый (LDVN > 65 дБ(A)) и 31,2% жилыхпомещенийгородаподвергаютсяшумувночноевремя,уровень которогопревышаетдопустимый (LN > 55дБ(A)).

scholarly journals Study of the Noise Level During the Construction of the Tanjung Jati Steam Power Plant

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Slamet Isworo ◽  
Slamet Febriyanto ◽  
Poerna Sri Oetari
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Analysis ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The impact of noise due to the construction of a Steam Power Plant can have a negative impact on the surrounding environment. This study aims to assess the initial baseline condition of environmental noise before the existence of development activities, predictions after activities, and actions to manage/monitor the impact of noise that occurs. The research method is evaluative descriptive using the integrating sound level meter. The research data are the equivalent noise level (Leq), daytime noise level (LS), night noise level (LM), and day-night noise level (L-SM) from 9 sampling locations. The results of the noise analysis are categorized based on scale and compared with the Decree of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. Kep-48 / MENLH / 11/1996 and IFC - EHS guidelines. Noise level data The initial environmental baseline of the laydown area utilization stage at scale 2, land clearing stage at scale 1, the construction phase of the main building, and supporting facilities at scale 1. The value of the scale of the noise level is assessed based on the difference in impact components that is smaller than the difference in the average environmental scale, so that the impact category is a manageable impact. The direction for controlling the impact of noise is to install a project guardrail, activities are carried out at 07.00-19.00 WIB and and tree planting. Environmental management and monitoring have been carried out well, the evaluation trend shows a decline.

On the Major Differences between the Banking Systems of the EAEU States

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
T. E. Chekanova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Factors

The presented study examines the problems of integration of the national banking systems of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Aim. The study aims to examine the major differences in various aspects of functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states in terms of their impact on integration processes.Tasks. The author identifies the most prominent features of the banking systems of the EAEU states; reveals the depth of the existing differences through a comparative analysis of various indicators of national banking systems; outlines ways of overcoming integration problems associated with differences in the banking sectors of the Union states.Methods. This study is based on universal general scientific methods and elements of comparative, functional, and economic analysis within the framework of a systems approach. The author uses regulatory documents and banking reports of the EAEU states, statistical and analytical materials of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and data of Moody’s international rating agency.Results. The study identifies a number of aspects that contain the major differences in the functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states; highlights the disproportions in the scale, level of development, financial stability, and risks of the banking spheres of the Union states; comparatively analyzes the proportion of banking and non-banking structures in the system and the share of the government and non-resident companies in the capital of banks; marks the difference in the pricing of banking services; determines differences in the existing approaches to banking regulation and the established standards; analyzes the major differences in the legislative acts of the central banks and governments of the EAEU member states and in the terms and definitions used. According to the results of the study, the major factors hindering the development of integration processes between the banking systems of the EAEU states are identified.Conclusions. The existing differences between the banking systems of the EAEU countries are diverse and multifaceted. The author states that the aspects addressed in this study have a significant negative impact on the further development of integration processes, describing the major directions and actions of the member states aimed at minimizing the exiting differences, which are required to facilitate the convergence of the states and the transition towards a common financial market.

scholarly journals Investigations on the Optical Properties of InGaN/GaN Multiple Quantum Wells with Varying GaN Cap Layer Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Wang ◽  
Feng Liang ◽  
Degang Zhao ◽  
Zongshun Liu ◽  
Jianjun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cap Layer ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Three InGaN/GaN MQWs samples with varying GaN cap layer thickness were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) to investigate the optical properties. We found that a thicker cap layer is more effective in preventing the evaporation of the In composition in the InGaN quantum well layer. Furthermore, the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) is enhanced with increasing the thickness of GaN cap layer. In addition, compared with the electroluminescence measurement results, we focus on the difference of localization states and defects in three samples induced by various cap thickness to explain the anomalies in room temperature photoluminescence measurements. We found that too thin GaN cap layer will exacerbates the inhomogeneity of localization states in InGaN QW layer, and too thick GaN cap layer will generate more defects in GaN cap layer.

scholarly journals The Role of Internal Control in Firms’ Coping with the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6294
Author(s):  
Peiqing Zhu ◽  
Jianbo Song
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Internal control plays a role in risk prevention for firms when dealing with serious emergencies, which ensures the sustainable development of firms during a crisis. Based on the rapid outbreak of COVID-19 in China, this paper empirically tests whether internal control alleviates the negative impact of the pandemic on firm performance. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms from the first quarter of 2019 to the third quarter of 2020 and employing the difference-in-difference (DID) method, we find that the firms with a higher quality of internal control achieve better financial performance during the pandemic period; the more serious the pandemic is, the more obvious effect internal control plays. Furthermore, we consider the industry heterogeneity and firm heterogeneity of the risk resistance effect of internal control. In the manufacturing industry, which is a “disaster zone” of the pandemic, and the non-high-tech industry with a low degree of digitization, internal control can play a more important role in firms’ performance. Moreover, for state-owned enterprises, and firms with strong financing constraints, the role of internal control is more prominent. The above results provide empirical evidence for the risk prevention function of internal control and shed new light on the measures for firms to resist emergencies in the future.

Influence of Tobacco on Physical Fitness Recovery of College Students After Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3445-3451
Author(s):  
Chen Yake
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: In this paper, the effects of tobacco on aerobic exercise ability and physical fitness recovery of college students were studied. Methods: University group sports intervention form: traditional characteristic project (basketball) + Taiji soft ball (R&D intervention project). Exercise time: 3 times/week; Activity duration: 30min; Activity intensity: the heart rate is controlled at 120-140 beats/min. All the college students in the experimental group are students who have never smoked, and the college students in the control group are students who have smoked for more than two years. The other conditions are the same. Results: The exercise time and endurance of experimental groups I and II were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the cardiopulmonary function was significantly lower than that of the control group. The indexes of experimental group II changed significantly compared with experimental group I, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Cigarette smoke can significantly reduce the aerobic exercise ability and anti fatigue ability. The longer the smoking time, the more serious the adverse effects. Therefore, tobacco smoke and nicotine will damage college students’ aerobic exercise ability and have a negative impact on the recovery of physical fitness after exercise.

MEDIA ARCHITECTURE IN URBAN SPACE: PROBLEMS AND NEGATIVE PRACTICES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.П. Птичникова ◽  
О.В. Королева ◽  
О.В. Черничкина
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Media Objects ◽  
The Media

Статья посвящена исследованию проблем интеграции объектов медиаархитектуры в сложившееся городское пространство. Являясь частью нового, творческого и интеллектуального обогащения городской среды, медиаархитектура оказывает значительное культурное, социальное и экологическое влияние на городское окружение. Целью работы являются определение и классификация проблем, связанных с негативным воздействием объектов медиаархитектуры на окружающую среду в контексте общественных пространств, а также ночной городской среды. The article is devoted to the study of the problems of integration of media objects in the existing urban space. As part of a new, creative and intellectual enrichment of the urban environment, the media architecture has a significant cultural, social and environmental impact on the urban environment. The aim of the work is to identify and classify the problems associated with the negative impact of media architecture objects on the environment in the context of public spaces, as well as the night city environment.

scholarly journals Study of Multimedia Delivery over Software Defined Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Jimenez ◽  
Oscar Romero ◽  
Albert Rego ◽  
Avinash Dilendra ◽  
Jaime Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Network Protocols ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Distributed Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Multimedia Delivery ◽  
Real Network ◽  
Multimedia Streams ◽  
The Difference

Software Defined Networks (SDN) have become a new way to make dynamic topologies. They have great potential in both the creation and development of new network protocols and the inclusion of distributed artificial intelligence in the network. There are few emulators, like Mininet, that allow emulating a SDN in a single personal computer, but there is lack of works showing its performance and how it performs compared with real cases. This paper shows a performance comparison between Mininet and a real network when multimedia streams are being delivered. We are going to compare them in terms of consumed bandwidth (throughput), delay and jitter. Our study shows that there are some important differences when these parameters are compared. We hope that this research will be the basis to show the difference with real deployments when Mininet is used.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION AND MODELING OF TRANSPORT NOISE DEPENDENCE ON TRAFFIC SPEED AND IMPACT ON POPULATION ANNOYANCE

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Tomas Vilniškis ◽  
Andrej Naimušin ◽  
Tomas Januševičius
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Traffic Speed

Transport noise is a serious problem in cities and has a negative impact on both health and economics. In addition to the aforementioned unnoticed health effects, traffic noise has also been identified as one of the leading causes of sleep disorders, annoyance and negative cardiovascular effects. This research consists of three parts: part one involves onsite measurements of traffic noise in Trakai town; part two simulates traffic noise at different average vehicle speeds; part three assesses the number of people affected by traffic noise. The carried-out simulation has demonstrated that the noise level changes very slightly at different average vehicle speeds. It should be noticed that more noise is generated at average vehicle speed of 30 km/h rather than at 50 km/h. The assessment of the annoyance level has disclosed that an average vehicle speed of 30 km/h should cause the highest level of annoyance (highest – 26.8%).

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pembayangan yang dihasilkan Pohon dan Bangunan di Koridor Jalan Perkotaan Untuk Mencapai Kenyamanan Termal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Jockie Zudhy Fibrianto ◽  
Mochamad Hilmy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Road Corridors ◽  
East West

The road corridor in Pontianak City has different shading output depending on the sun orientation. The difference has caused a temperature difference that affects the pedestrian thermal comfort along the corridor. Identification and measurement of shading temperatures that occur due to buildings and trees were carried out for three days in each afternoon with relatively similar weather conditions. The road corridor that becomes the research location was at A. Yani St.-Gajah Mada St.-Tanjung Pura St., which has a North-South orientation and Teuku Umar St.-Diponegoro St.-Sisingamangaraja St., who has an East-West direction. The analysis phase is done by comparing the effectiveness of imagery produced by buildings and trees. After that, the identification and measurement results are compared with Indonesian thermal comfort standards SNI T-14-1993-03 to obtain suitable thermal comfort in the road corridors in Pontianak City.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF THE SOUND FIELD ENERGY DECAY IN A ROOM WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT PULSED SOUND SOURCES/GARSO LAUKO ENERGIJOS SLOPIMO PATALPOJE YPATUMAI, NAUDOJANT SKIRTINGUS IMPULSINIUS GARSO ŠALTINIUS

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Vytautas Stauskis
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Field Decay

The paper deals with the differences between the energy created by four different pulsed sound sources, ie a sound gun, a start gun, a toy gun, and a hunting gun. A knowledge of the differences between the maximum energy and the minimum energy, or the signal-noise ratio, is necessary to correctly calculate the frequency dependence of reverberation time. It has been established by investigations that the maximum energy excited by the sound gun is within the frequency range of 250 to 2000 Hz. It decreases by about 28 dB at the low frequencies. The character of change in the energy created by the hunting gun differs from that of the sound gun. There is no change in the maximum energy within the frequency range of 63–100 Hz, whereas afterwards it increases with the increase in frequency but only to the limit of 2000 Hz. In the frequency range of 63–500 Hz, the energy excited by the hunting gun is lower by 15–30 dB than that of the sound gun. As frequency increases the difference is reduced and amounts to 5–10 dB. The maximum energy of the start gun is lower by 4–5 dB than that of the hunting gun in the frequency range of up to 1000 Hz, while afterwards the difference is insignificant. In the frequency range of 125–250 Hz, the maximum energy generated by the sound gun exceeds that generated by the hunting gun by 20 dB, that by the start gun by 25 dB, and that by the toy gun—by as much as 35 dB. The maximum energy emitted by it occupies a wide frequency range of 250 to 2000 Hz. Thus, the sound gun has an advantage over the other three sound sources from the point of view of maximum energy. Up until 500 Hz the character of change in the direct sound energy is similar for all types of sources. The maximum energy of direct sound is also created by the sound gun and it increases along with frequency, the maximum values being reached at 500 Hz and 1000 Hz. The maximum energy of the hunting gun in the frequency range of 125—500 Hz is lower by about 20 dB than that of the sound gun, while the maximum energy of the toy gun is lower by about 25 dB. The maximum of the direct sound energy generated by the hunting gun, the start gun and the toy gun is found at high frequencies, ie at 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz, while the sound gun generates the maximum energy at 500 Hz and 1000 Hz. Thus, the best results are obtained when the energy is emitted by the sound gun. When the sound field is generated by the sound gun, the difference between the maximum energy and the noise level is about 35 dB at 63 Hz, while the use of the hunting gun reduces the difference to about 20–22 dB. The start gun emits only small quantities of low frequencies and is not suitable for room's acoustical analysis at 63 Hz. At the frequency of 80 Hz, the difference between the maximum energy and the noise level makes up about 50 dB, when the sound field is generated by the sound gun, and about 27 dB, when it is generated by the hunting gun. When the start gun is used, the difference between the maximum signal and the noise level is as small as 20 dB, which is not sufficient to make a reverberation time analysis correctly. At the frequency of 100 Hz, the difference of about 55 dB between the maximum energy and the noise level is only achieved by the sound gun. The hunting gun, the start gun and the toy gun create the decrease of about 25 dB, which is not sufficient for the calculation of the reverberation time. At the frequency of 125 Hz, a sufficiently large difference in the sound field decay amounting to about 40 dB is created by the sound gun, the hunting gun and the start gun, though the character of the sound field curve decay of the latter is different from the former two. At 250 Hz, the sound gun produces a field decay difference of almost 60 dB, the hunting gun almost 50 dB, the start gun almost 40 dB, and the toy gun about 45 dB. At 500 Hz, the sound field decay is sufficient when any of the four sound sources is used. The energy difference created by the sound gun is as large as 70 dB, by the hunting gun 50 dB, by the start gun 52 dB, and by the toy gun 48 dB. Such energy differences are sufficient for the analysis of acoustic indicators. At the high frequencies of 1000 to 4000 Hz, all the four sound sources used, even the toy gun, produce a good difference of the sound field decay and in all cases it is possible to analyse the reverberation process at varied intervals of the sound level decay.

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