scholarly journals TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY HETEROGENEITY OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN VIET NAM: A METAFRONTIER DIRECTIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. Villano ◽  
Carolyn-Dung Thi Thanh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
National Education ◽  
Using Data

The higher education system of Viet Nam has been undergoing reform process with the aim of seeking a position in the world’s education market. However, recent changes in the system have made the operational efficiency of the system less stable, thus making it more challenging to improve the country’s universities world rankings. In this paper, we investigate the performance of tertiary education institutions in Viet Nam and evaluate the efficiency gap between colleges and universities. Using the metafrontier directional technology approach, we estimate both the group frontier and metafrontier efficiencies for 112 universities and 141 colleges using data for 2011–2013 and compute their differences imposed by the technology associated with different levels of ownership and locations. The findings showed that the performance of universities were better than that of colleges, at 0.837 0.774, respectively. However, under an unrestricted metafrontier framework, the metatechnology ratios suggest that universities and colleges were operated comparatively well by potentially increasing their performance by 7.8 and 5.0 per cent, respectively. Both urban universities and colleges are found to be more efficient than their rural counterparts, but the effects of ownerships showed mixed results on the performance of universities and colleges. Our results highlight the need for appropriate policies and enabling environment that will enhance the performance of each institution. It is imperative to re-evaluate the specific role and individual contributions of colleges and universities in the national education system and assist rural universities and colleges to explore their full potential to enhance their performance.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DAN EKSISTENSI PEMUDA

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arhanuddin Salim
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
National Development ◽  
Learning System ◽  
National Education ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
National Education System

To realize the vision of national development, namely to realize a society of noble character, morality, ethics, culture and civilization based on the Pancasila philosophy, the national education system must be the main focus that must be addressed. Based on the functions and objectives of national education, it is clear that education at every level must be organized systematically to achieve that goal. This concerns the reality of education in educational units from early childhood education to tertiary education which is currently experiencing fading and degradation in terms of forming the character of its students. All of this is due to the absence of a learning system focused on the direction of the formation of superior character values. Keywords:education, character education, youth and the future of the nation Untuk mewujudkan visi pembangunan nasional, yaitu mewujudkan masyarakat berakhlak mulia, bermoral, beretika, berbudaya dan beradab berdasarkan falsafah Pancasila, maka sistem pendidikan nasional harus menjadi fokus utama yang harus dibenahi. Berdasarkan fungsi dan tujuan pendidikan nasional, jelas bahwa pendidikan di setiap jenjang, harus diselenggarakan secara sistematis guna mencapai tujuan tersebut. Hal ini menyangkut realitas pendidikan di dalam satuan pendidikan dari pendidikan usia dini sampai perguruan tinggi yang saat ini mengalami pemudaran dan degradasi dalam hal pembentukan karakter peserta didiknya. Semua ini disebabkan karena tidak adanya sistem pembelajaran yang terfokus pada arah pembentukan nilai-nilai karakter unggul. Kata Kunci:pendidikan, pendidikankarakter, pemuda dan masa depanbangsa

scholarly journals Higher Education System in Central Asia (On The Example of Kazakhstan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1095-1097
Author(s):  
Yuldashev Ravshanjon Baxodirovich
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Education System ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
National Education ◽  
Higher Education Reforms ◽  
National Education System ◽  
The World

Abstract: Reforming the national education system is a priority of public policy and guarantees development. In this regard, any state will give priority to policy in this regard. The complexity of the matter is that this policy does not always yield the expected results. But countries around the world are striving to implement effective higher education reforms. There is a similar trend in our region. In this article, we will focus on the higher education system in Kazakhstan. Zero Kazakhstani higher education is the most developed system in the Keywords: Kazakhstan, higher education, system, legal framework, achievements, challenges, higher education, program, reforms, region, public policy, global education, knowledge capitalization, bachelor, master, distance education.region.

The Diverse US Higher Education System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
System P

The American higher education system consists of over 4,700 institutions educating over twenty-one million students. The most striking feature of this system is its diversity. There is no “typical college.” Much of the story about the future of America’s four-year higher education institutions is found in their differences, not their similarities. Schools are public and private, large and small, elite and open enrollment, tuition dependent and well endowed, liberal arts oriented and vocational. The challenges facing America’s colleges and universities will affect the diverse parts of this system in very different ways. Generalizing about this system can be very dangerous.

scholarly journals The Importance of Polytechnics for Africa's Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Goolam Mohamedbhai
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
British Colonies

Most African countries that were former British colonies replicated the British higher education system and created both universities and polytechnics. However, in order to increase their tertiary education enrolment, these countries are gradually upgrading their polytechnics to universities. This article argues that this is a wrong move as polytechnics are as important as universities for Africa’s development, and calls for a re-consideration of the polytechnics conversion policy. 

scholarly journals The Amalgamation of Chinese Higher Education Institutions

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Higher Education System

The 1990s witnessed revolutionary change in China's higher education system, particularly through radical mergers. The reform process and its background are detailed here, with a case study focusing on Zhejiang University. After nearly 15 years of painstaking effort, the reform goals for the higher education system have been met, and a decentralized, two-tiered administrative system has been installed. However, the most hotly debated reform has been the amalgamation of universities. The need to optimize China's system of higher education has a background dating back about 50 years, when the first reordering of higher education took place. The reordering and its results are described, and the causes and after effects of this reform are detailed.

scholarly journals Research on the Characteristics and Improvement of Party Building in Higher Education Institutions in the New Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Teaching Management ◽  
New Era ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Party Building ◽  
New Period ◽  
The New Period ◽  
The Times

With the in-depth reform of the higher education system, the teaching management of universities must keep pace with the times and carry out innovative reforms. Party-building is a very systematic and powerful part of the teaching management of colleges and universities. In the new era, there are still many problems in the party building of colleges and universities that need to be resolved. This article focuses on the characteristics of party building in colleges and universities and related issues for improvement.

scholarly journals The Adaptation of the Ukrainian Legislation to the European Norms in the Process of Accession to the Joint European Educational Space

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Evgen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Bologna Process

The integration and the enhanced cooperation with Europe in the sphere of higher education have become and remained an important component of the European integrative intentions of Ukraine. For many years, our state has been an important strategic partner for Europe. Since gaining independence, the government of Ukraine has constantly declared the will to implement the European principles in all spheres of the social life. The sphere of education and science was no exception. Through many years in Ukraine, the process of reforming both the educational system as a whole and higher education system in particular is still in progress. These reforms continue in difficult times for our state. The authorities and the governments are changing, but all of them have been declaring “the European choice of Ukraine”. It is clear-cut that the process of reforms, transformations and innovations is complicated, often painful and is perceived ambiguously by society. However, it is obvious that one way or the another, but the Ukrainian educational system needed to be reformed, updated and modernizated. In 2005, our state became an official participant of the Bologna Club by signing the Bologna Declaration, which gave rise to the Bologna process – the process of creating a united European educational space. The main principles of the Bologna Process have been and remain the following principles: the establishment of similar, understandable and accessible educational standards, mutual recognition, the intensification of academic mobility and academic exchanges, the development and the financing of various educational projects, programs and grants, the creation of conditions for the formation of a common market, the enhancement of the competitiveness of European educational system. As part of the Bologna process, our state entered a new phase in reforming the education system. First of all, the reforming of the higher education by committing itself to gradually move to the European educational standards, introducing the basic principles and elements of the Bologna process. The article examines the main stages of the reform process of the Ukrainian higher education system within the framework of participation in the Bologna process, describes the legal and regulatory framework for the transition of the national higher education to European educational standards, justifies the importance and perspective of educational reforms on the path to European integration.

scholarly journals Higher Education System: Key Subjects of Educational Policy

Eduweb ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-169
Author(s):  
Tatyana N. Vasyagina ◽  
Natalya V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
National Education ◽  
Leading Role

The article is devoted to the key subjects of educational policy, on which the quality of the educational sphere depends. One of these subjects is teachers of higher educational institutions as a special social group, which has a leading role in shaping the intellectual, professional and scientific potential of society. A lot of research is devoted to the problems of teachers, but the issues of their self-identification remain relevant and, at the same time, insufficiently studied. The capacity of narrow professionals to solve the complex tasks of social life is insufficient. Another key subject of educational policy is the state as a guarantor of quality higher education. In most European countries, the state, due to historical traditions and resources, remains the main guarantor of the national education system. In the article, on the basis of our own sociological studies conducted in one of Moscow universities among teachers and students, as well as a secondary analysis of sociological research data conducted in a number of regions and universities of the country, some problems were identified that prevent the creation of an effective management model in the field of education.

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY OF "HABITUS" AND "FIELD": THE CHINESE RURAL STUDENTS ON THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64
Author(s):  
Jingyi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Education Inequality ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
The University

This research focuses its inquiry on the economic aspect of rural university students' life in China, but the discussion goes beyond the economic field. Massification in the Chinese higher education system has increased the chance for rural youths to receive tertiary education. However, there is rarely sufficient data to record their status quo on the campus. This research intends to fill up the gap by making a comparison between the rural students who are located at different levels in the higher education system. This comparative analysis eventually leads to such findings: Those at the higher extreme of the hierarchy, who have more subsidies, tend to experience more frustration under financial pressure than those at the lower extreme, who are insufficiently funded. Presumably, the former are more directly exposed to rural-urban disparity. While the latter experience less frustration, they are less prepared to impacts from the unfamiliar urban society. The research, eventually going beyond the economic problems, has exposed a process in which the rural youths are victimized by the system that discriminates against the Chinese peasants, in which the higher education system plays a critical role. Key words: higher education, inequality, poverty, rural students.

scholarly journals Graduate employability and the development of competencies. The incomplete reform of the “Bologna Process”

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Leoni
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Disciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Development Of Competencies ◽  
The Bologna Process

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the coherence between competency mismatches and the objective of European policymakers to transform the higher education system through the Bologna Process and the Dublin Descriptors, moving from the transfer of knowledge from the teacher to learning by the student and from disciplinary knowledge to competencies. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based first on the theoretical arguments that confront the European reform of the tertiary education system and the nature of competency mismatches, and second on graduate earnings function estimates using two Italian databases. The paper demonstrates the waning signalling power associated with university degrees and the disruptive assertion of the competency concept. Findings – The theoretical arguments developed suggest that competency mismatches are not only responsible for the medium-low positioning of the competency profile with respect to a counterfactual constituted by a graduate with a good match but also tend to affect the growth path of the competencies themselves: the bigger the initial gap, the smaller the steps in their growth. The econometric estimates carried out document that the level of expressed competencies drives graduate remuneration. Originality/value – By disentangling educational outcomes (i.e. disciplinary knowledge) from requested competencies, the study demonstrates that firms remunerate competencies and to a far lesser extent disciplinary knowledge per se, and that cultural background tends to assume greater importance than formal education in forging transversal competencies. The Bologna Process could overturn this situation, provided it is integrated with a constructivist pedagogical approach, a tool that is lacking today but is vital in providing education processes that enable students to acquire and develop the competencies required by modern production techniques.

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