COVID-19 in socially vulnerable quilombola populations in Salvaterra, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Introduction: COVID-19 is a severe respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In Brazil the highest infection rates are associated with socially vulnerable populations. This study therefore sought to analyze the spatial distribution of the disease and its relation with geographic, socioeconomic and public health policy characteristics associated with quilombola communities in Salvaterra municipality, state of Pará, for the period of March to September, 2020. Methodology: This cross-sectional and ecological study used data from the Disease Notification System and the National Registry of Health Establishments of the Ministry of Health, the Income Transfer Registry of the Ministry of Citizenship and the 2010 census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Statistical and spatial analysis of the data was done through percentages of cases and Flow and Kernel map techniques. Results: Seventy-five notified cases of COVID-19 distributed among 7 quilombola communities in the municipality were analyzed. The epidemiological profile followed a national trend, with a higher percentage of cases among persons who were female, adults with low schooling levels, working as family farmers and with an outcome ending in recovery. The spatial distribution of the disease was not homogenous and showed clusters of cases and high incidence rates, especially in communities close to the municipal seat or to highways. Conclusions: The use of data analysis techniques was satisfactory for providing an understanding of the socioeconomic production of the disease in the areas studied. Accordingly, the need for intensifying epidemiological survey actions in the quilombola communities of the municipality is emphasized.

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Epidemiological profile, spatial distribution, and syphilis time series: a cross-sectional study in a Brazilian municipality

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.13780 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 1462-1470

Author(s):

Carolina Matteussi Lino ◽

Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa ◽

Marília Jesus Batista

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Congenital Syphilis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Definition Of ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Introduction: Syphilis is an infectious disease of bacterial nature, acting on organs and/or systems. The increase in the number of cases worldwide has been of concern and the infection has been considered a public health problem. Given this scenario, this study evaluates the epidemiological profile, spatial distribution, and time series of the cases of acquired syphilis, syphilis in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis in a Brazilian municipality. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study with second data of the notified cases. For the definition of the population universe, an initial survey of syphilis cases notified in the municipality was carried out, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. Results: There was an increase in the notified cases and the detection/incidence rates of syphilis. The epidemiological profile was composed of men (76.7%), adults (24.8%), white (60.4%), with eight or more years of study (53.7%) in addition to pregnant adolescents (36.7%) and young adults (26.0%), with inadequate treatment and untreated partners. A concentration of cases was identified in the regions with the lowest monthly income and the time series showed an increasing trend (p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: Health actions should continue to improve access to diagnosis and to notification, focusing on treatment, cure and health education actions to control and prevent new cases.

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Epidemiological profile of exogenous poisoning in children and adolescents from a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/s0103-05822014000400004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 299-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Felipe Ferreira S. Oliveira ◽

Eliane Aparecida Suchara

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Study Data ◽

Disease Notification ◽

Toxic Agent ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Notification System ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Poisoning In Children

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of exogenous intoxications in children and adolescents of Barra Garças, Mato Grosso, from January 2008 to September 2013.METHOD: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive epidemiological study. Data were collected from the Disease Notification System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação [SINAN]) of the municipality, processed using Microsoft Excel, and evaluated through BIOESTAT statistical software. The variables included were: sex; age; toxic agent; time and place of service; route of administration; circumstance; and classification of intoxication. The age range was established according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, comprising children aged from 0 to 9 years old and adolescents aged from 10 to 19 years old.RESULTS: A total of 125 cases of accidental exogenous poisoning was registered, including 77 children and 48 adolescents. Food and beverages (38.4%) and drugs (24.0%) were the most common groups of toxic agents responsible for the poisoning. The largest age group affected by intoxication was composed of children aged from 0 to 4 years old (43.2%) and adolescents aged from 10 to 14 years old (19.7%). Regarding the circumstances, intoxication occurred due to suicide attempts (16.8%) and accidental events (23.2%) in adolescents and children, respectively. The study revealed a higher frequency of poisoning in girls.CONCLUSION: Exogenous intoxications occurred predominantly in children up to 4 years old, through the accidental consumption of food or drinks. Thus, the adoption of educational prevention programs for children's family members and caregivers is necessary.

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Tuberculosis in prison and aspects associated with the diagnosis site

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.11522 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 968-977

Author(s):

Melisane RL Ferreira ◽

Rafaele O Bonfim ◽

Tatiane C Siqueira ◽

Rubia L de P Andrade ◽

Aline A Monroe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Local Health ◽

Disease Notification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Notification System ◽

X Ray

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is highly endemic in prison environments, and requires special attention in the population deprived of liberty (PDL). Thus, we aimed to describe the epidemiological situation of TB among PDL in a large municipality of the Brazilian Legal Amazon, from 2012 to 2016, and to identify the factors associated with the site of TB cases notification. Methodology: Both descriptive and cross-sectional studies were conducted. Sociodemographic, clinical, diagnostic and treatment data of PDL with TB were collected from the National Disease Notification System - SINAN. Data analysis included frequency distribution, Chi-square test, Fisher exact test and residue analysis, with a significance level of 95%. Results: 256 cases of TB have been notified among PDL in the penitentiary complex situated in the municipality and 100 cases in local health services, such as Primary Health Care units or referral services. Notification in the penitentiary complex was associated with non-X-ray and more than ten contacts identified. An association was found between diagnosis in local health services and female sex, AIDS, alcoholism, illicit drug use, extrapulmonary clinical form, extrapulmonary pulmonary disease, suspected X-ray, sputum smear-negative for diagnosis, HIV positive, culture of sputum not performed/ in progress, DOT ignored/ blank, less than five contacts identified, transfer and others as closure situation. Conclusions: The results show that intricate TB cases were notified by the local health services. Strategies of surveillance and articulation with these health services seem to contribute to the identification of TB cases among PDL.

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Intimate partner violence against pregnant women: sociodemographic profile and characteristics of the aggressions

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20200394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Naiane Beatriz da Silva ◽

Rosely Erlach Goldman ◽

Hugo Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Disease Notification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Notification System ◽

Sociodemographic Profile

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the sociodemographic profile and the main characteristics of violence by intimate partners in pregnant women in São Paulo, Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study based on notifications for suspected or confirmed cases of inter-police violence from the National Disease Notification System (SINAN) carried out in the 2016-2019 period. Collection was performed between March and June 2020. Chi-squared test or Fisher’s Exact test were used in statistical analysis. Results: A total of 4,269 notifications were obtained and the prevalent profile was women between 20 and 34 years old (62.5%), brown or black (51.3%), who have completed high school (22.5%) in the first trimester of pregnancy (44.2%). Physical violence was more frequent (48.3%), occurred at home (59.1%), motivated by sexism (22.29%). Sexual violence or rape was more frequent (85.4%) with abortion in cases provided for by law (39%). Conclusion: Adult brown or black women in the first gestational trimester experienced physical violence more frequently.

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Perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita em uma microrregião no interior do estado da Bahia (2007-2017)

Enfermería Global ◽

10.6018/eglobal.18.4.348451 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 198-229

Author(s):

Kaic Trindade Almeida ◽

Álisson Neves Santos ◽

Ana Karla Araújo Nascimento Costa ◽

Myllena Rodrigues dos Santos ◽

Ana Maria Fernandes Menezes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Quantitative Study ◽

Health Problem ◽

Congenital Syphilis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Notification System ◽

El Sistema ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of Congenital Syphilis in 18 municipalities in the state of Bahia between 2007 and 2017.Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study of the confirmed cases of Congenital Syphilis in the micro-region registered in the Aggravation and Notification Information System.Results: In the study period, 39 cases were confirmed, with 30.8% of the mothers being between 20 and 24 years of age, 59% were brown, 46.2% had incomplete primary education, 33.3% were housewives, 74.4% 94.9% underwent prenatal care, 53.8% were diagnosed at the time of delivery / curettage, 41% received inadequate treatment and 38.5% of the partners were not treated. With regard to newborns, 69.2% were diagnosed with 0 day of life, 74.4% with recent Congenital Syphilis and 46.2% asymptomatic.Conclusion: The data reveal a serious public health problem in the micro-region analyzed, also pointing out failures in the notification system, observed in the high ignored index in the studied variables. Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico de Sífilis Congénita en 18 municipios en el interior del estado de Bahía entre 2007 y 2017.Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo de los casos confirmados de Sífilis Congénita en la microrregión registrados en el Sistema de Información de Agravios y Notificación.Resultados: En el período estudiado se confirmaron 39 casos, donde el 30,8% de las madres tiene entre 20 a 24 años, el 59% son pardas, el 46,2% tienen enseñanza fundamental incompleta, el 33,3% amas de casa, el 74,4% en el momento del parto / curetaje, el 41% recibió tratamiento inadecuado y el 38,5% de los socios no fueron tratados. Con respecto a los recién nacidos, el 69,2% fue diagnosticado con 0 días de vida, 74,4% con Sífilis Congénita reciente y 46,2% asintomáticos.Conclusión: Los datos revelan un serio problema de salud pública en la microrregión analizada apuntando también fallas en el sistema de notificación, observadas en el elevado índice de ignorados en las variables estudiadas. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico de Sífilis Congênita em 18 municípios no interior do estado da Bahia entre 2007 e 2017. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo dos casos confirmados de Sífilis Congênita na microrregião registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação. Resultados: No período estudado foram confirmados 39 casos, onde 30,8% das mães tem entre 20 a 24 anos, 59% são pardas, 46,2% possuem ensino fundamental incompleto, 33,3% donas de casa, 74,4% residentes na zona urbana, 94,9% realizou o pré-natal, 53,8% foram diagnosticadas no momento do parto/curetagem, 41% receberam tratamento inadequado e 38,5% dos parceiros não foram tratados. Com relação aos recém-nascidos, 69,2% foram diagnosticados com 0 dia de vida, 74,4% com Sífilis Congênita recente e 46,2% assintomáticos. Conclusão: Os dados revelam um sério problema de saúde pública na microrregião analisada apontando também falhas no sistema de notificação, observadas no elevado índice de ignorados nas variáveis estudadas.

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Epidemiological Aspects of the Initial Evolution of COVID-19 in Microregion of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5245

Author(s):

Deborah Araujo Policarpo ◽

Eduarda Cristina Alves Lourenzatto ◽

Talita Costa e Silva Brito ◽

Daise Aparecida Rossi ◽

Roberta Torres de Melo

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

World Health ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Initial Evolution ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Health Organization ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

COVID-19 is considered by the World Health Organization to be a global public health emergency, which presents regional divergences that affect the epidemiological profile of the disease and are associated with political, economic, social and behavioral aspects. We aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the disease in the microregion of Uberlândia, Brazil, in order to determine risk factors that contributed to progression of SARS-CoV-2 virus. A cross-sectional study was conducted about micro- and macro-determinants combined with the significance analysis of suspected and confirmed cases in 18 municipalities during the epidemiological weeks (EW) 9 to 26. There were 34,046 notifications, of which 4935 (14.49%) people were diagnosed with COVID-19. Of these, 282 (5.71%) required hospital care and 40 (0.81%) died. Age and presence of associated comorbidities were decisive in the variations of incidence and lethality rates. In general, young people were the most affected and the elderly people, the most exposed to the serious and lethal form (p < 0.0001). Comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiopathies increased 33.5 times the death risk. The dispersion of the virus was centrifugal, in the inter as well as in the intra-municipal level. The disorderly implementation of municipal decrees applied in a decentralized manner in the municipalities seems to have contributed for the incidence rates increasing in the EW 25 and 26.

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Epidemiological profile, temporal trend and geographic location of the occurrence of meningitis in Alagoas (2008-2017)

10.5327/1516-3180.289 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza ◽

Gibson Barros de Almeida Santana ◽

Antônio Leopoldo do Nascimento Gama Albuquerque ◽

Gabriel Monteiro Arnozo ◽

Isabella Cristinna da Silva Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Regression Model ◽

Social Impact ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

The State ◽

Capital City ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Background: Meningitis is a neuroinfection of multivariate etiologies, high morbidity and mortality and social impact. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological profile and analyze the trend and spatial distribution of meningitis in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, in the period 2008-2017. Methods: The ecological study is based on confirmed processes of meningitis and deaths from disease. Data were collected from the National Notification System. Clinical and epidemiological variables were analyzed, such as incidence and mortality rates. The regression model was used as a regression model for inflection points. A spatial sample was performed by a local empirical model, followed by global and local Moran statistics. Confidence interval of 95% and significance of 5% were considered. Results: 1365 cases were reported to Alagoas state, 59.6% male, 60.7% aged up to 19 years and 89.8% brown. Regarding the clinical profile, standing out: bacterial meningitis (24.3%), serum group Y (14.0%) and diagnosis by chemocytology (32.7%). Inflation decreased from 4.97/100 thousand in 2008 to 3.23/100 thousand in 2017 (AAPC -7.3%; p <0.001). Growth rate in growing trend from 10.3% in 2008 to 15.85% in 2017 (AAPC 4.7%; p <0.001). The capital city of Maceió presented a greater exchange of notified cases (40.7%). The highest incidence rates are those of Marechal Deodoro (36.00 / 100 thousand) and Maragogi (29.63/100 thousand). The priority municipalities were in the eastern region. Conclusions: The study showed a reduction in the incidence of Meningitis and heterogeneous spatial distribution in the state of Alagoas.

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Epidemiological profile of Aids in Caruaru city, PE

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.1150-9532-1-le.0404201030 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1801 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shirley Suely Soares Veras Maciel ◽

Wamberto Vieira Maciel ◽

Maria Cristina Andrade ◽

Claúdia Emanuella Oliveira Santana ◽

Roselene Menezes Aleluia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

White Male ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Disease Notification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Years Of Schooling

ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the patterns of Aids morbimortality in Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil, along the period of January, 2000 to December, 2006, Method: this is about a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data on morbidity and mortality were obtained from the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN - Information System on Disease Notification) and the Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM - Mortality Information System) available at the Health Minister’s website, Results: of the total number of notified Aids cases (318 cases), 32.7% resulted in death. The reduction of the mortality rate is more meaningful among males than females; however the sex ratio was observed every year, excepting 2006. Conclusion: in Caruaru city, Aids affects more heterosexual young black male, with not more than 11 years of schooling. The results in death occurs more among young white male with no more than 3 years of schooling, Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health profile; sexually transmitted diseases; information systems.RESUMOObjetivo: descrever o padrão de morbimortalidade por Aids em Caruaru- PE no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2006, Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo. Os dados sobre morbidade e mortalidade foram obtidos a partir das bases de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) e Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) disponibilizados no site do Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: do total de casos notificados por Aids (318 casos), 32,7% evoluíram para óbito. A redução da taxa de mortalidade é mais expressiva no sexo masculino do que no feminino, todavia, a razão de masculinidade foi observada em todos os anos do estudo, excetuando-se em 2006, Conclusão: em Caruaru a Aids acomete mais pessoas jovens, pardas, do sexo masculino, com até 11 anos de estudo e heterossexuais, sendo que leva mais a óbito pessoas jovens, brancas, do sexo masculino e com até 3 anos de estudo, Descritores: síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; perfil de saúde; doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; sistemas de informação.RESUMENObjetivo: describir la tendencia de morbimortalidad por SIDA en Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brasil, desde enero de 2000 hasta diciembre de 2006, Método: se trata de un estudio transversal descriptivo. Los datos sobre morbidez y mortalidad se obtuvieron desde las bases de datos del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación (SINAN) y del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM) disponibles en el sitio web del Ministerio de la Salud. Resultados: del total de casos notificados de SIDA (318 casos), el 32,7% resultó en óbito. La reducción de la tasa de mortalidad es más significativa en hombres que en mujeres, sin embargo, la razón de masculinidad se observó en todos los años del estudio, con excepción del 2006. Conclusión: en Caruaru, el SIDA afecta más a las personas jóvenes, negras, de sexo masculino, con hasta 11 años de estudio y heterosexuales. Y los números de óbitos son más grandes entre las personas jóvenes, blancas, de sexo masculino y con hasta 3 años de estudio. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; perfil de salud; enfermedades sexualmente transmisibles; sistemas de información.

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Epilepsy in Punjab (India): A Population-Based Epidemiologic Study

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000438509 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 273-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Harbag S. Hara ◽

Ajay Gupta ◽

Mukhtiar Singh ◽

Rajnish Raj ◽

Harminder Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Epidemiologic Study ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinical Syndromes ◽

Symptomatic Epilepsy ◽

Active Epilepsy

Aims: To assess the prevalence of epilepsy in a rural area adjoining a city. Methods: A door-to-door, cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out covering an entire rural population of 103,693 people. Results: Crude period and point prevalence rates for active epilepsy were 7.67 and 7.44 per 1,000 respectively. Crude incidence rate was 60.76 per 100,000 during the year 2007. Mean, SD, median and variance were 17.2, 16, 13 and 257.6 years respectively for age at onset of active epilepsy patients. The overall prevalence patterns among males and females were not significantly different. Active epilepsy cases (n = 795) included electro-clinical syndromes and constellations (n = 117, 14.7%), symptomatic epilepsy (n = 153, 19.2%), epilepsy due to unknown cause (n = 513, 64.5%) and dual diagnosis (n = 12, 1.5%). Conclusions: The present study showed that the prevalence rate, in the rural area adjoining a city, was comparable to that of the urban area and significantly less than that of the remote rural area as described by another study. Age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence rates were similar to the rates reported by other studies. The reason for a lower number of symptomatic cases to be reported, per this study, may be due to lack of neuroimaging.

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Epidemiology of urolithiasis consultations in the Paraíba Valley

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões ◽

10.1590/0100-69912016006001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 410-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

GUILHERME RICARDO NUNES SILVA ◽

LUIZ CARLOS MACIEL

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Distribution Method ◽

Preventive Actions ◽

The Feminine ◽

Morbidity Data ◽

Residence Location ◽

Epidemiological Profile

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the epidemiological profile of patients with urolithiasis in the Paraíba Valley region, identifying its prevalence and spatial distribution. Method: we conducted a cross-sectional study, by residence location in the Paraíba Valley, on morbidity data due to urolithiasis obtained from the DATASUS, covering the period between 2010 and 2012. We aimed at identifying the general, male and female prevalence of urolithiasis, the distribution by age, type of visit, year season and spatial distribution. Results: there were 1,901 visits for urolithiasis in the 35 municipalities of the Paraíba Valley in the three years studied, 52.3% of them of female patients. Of the total, 70.1% of the visits were emergency ones. The feminine visits (67.2%) were mostly also urgent (p <0.01). The overall prevalence for urolithiasis was 31.7/100,000. Male prevalence was 30.7/100,000, and the female, 32.7/100,000 (p>0.05). The prevalence ratio was 0.9 men for every woman. The age group with the highest prevalence was between 30 and 39 years, with 23.1%. Warm seasons concentrated 51.6% of cases, while 48.8% occurred in the cold ones (p>0.05) . Conclusion: women are more affected by urolithiasis than the male in the Paraíba Valley region, an unprecedented in the literature. There was no relationship between the year season and the disease. We identified municipalities where preventive actions of urinary lithogenesis are required.

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