scholarly journals Reduction of incidence and relapse or recrudescence cases of malaria in the western region of the Brazilian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (09) ◽  
pp. 1181-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel de Deus Vieira ◽  
Karla Nayma Mundt Gim ◽  
Guilherme Mendes Zaqueo ◽  
Thaianne da Cunha Alves ◽  
Tony Hiroshi Katsuragawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Introduction: Malaria is one of the major parasitic diseases in the State of Rondônia, located in the western Brazilian Amazon. The basic treatment scheme for this disease is chloroquine and primaquine. This study evaluated the epidemiological profile of malaria in Rondônia between 2008 and 2012. Methodology: The epidemiological data were provided by the Health Surveillance Agency from the State of Rondônia, and socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, and from the National Institute for Space Research. The analyzed variables included year of diagnosis, gender, age group, main activity performed in the 15 days previous to the diagnosis, parasite species, level of parasitemia, number of relapse/recrudescence cases, and socioeconomic and environmental data for Rondônia. Results: A total of 238,626 cases of malaria were recorded in Rondônia during the study period. Of this total, 65.6% were men and the most prevalent age group was 20–39 years. Plasmodium vivax was the most common parasite (89.8%), followed by Plasmodium   falciparum (9.4%). An average of 30.9% of the individuals who were tested presented with relapse/recrudescence malaria. The API value was highest in 2008 and lowest in 2012, corresponding to 42.3 cases and 19.2 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, respectively. Conclusions: A 58% reduction in the number of malaria cases and a 36.2% reduction in the number of relapse/recrudescence malaria cases were observed, due to increases in the economy, improvements in the health system, and reduction of deforestation in this region.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of american tegumentary leishmaniasis in the state of Maranhão in recent years

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Francisco Jhon Anderson Silva Farias ◽  
Edigleison Do Ceu da Silva ◽  
Suzana Angelo da Silva ◽  
Valéria Cristina Soares Pinheiro ◽  
Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Case Outcome ◽  
Educational Campaigns

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a non-contagious disease, caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, vector-borne by sandflies. Initially it is enzootic, but it can affect humans in a secondary way, characterizing itself as a zoonosis. It has great epidemiological importance due to the complexity of the treatment. The disease has been spreading on a large scale throughout Brazil, as well as in the state of Maranhão. This study is a descriptive approach with the use of confirmed cases of ATL by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, for the years 2010 to 2019 for the state of Maranhão. The following variables were analyzed: annual notifications, gender, age group, clinical forms, case outcome and municipalities with the most notifications.  During the study period, 19,043 cases were confirmed in the state. The year 2011 had the highest number of notifications, with 2,948 cases and an incidence of 44.83 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The male gender was the most affected with 71.9%. The predominant age group was between 20 and 39 years old, with 42.7%. The cutaneous form was prevalent with 96.4%. The three municipalities with the highest number of records were Montes Altos (West Mesoregion), Buriticupu (West Mesoregion) and Arame (Centro Maranhense Mesoregion). The state of Maranhão is considered endemic for ATL, so it is considered essential to continuously adopt measures to combat the vector and to conduct educational campaigns that inform the population about minimizing the possibilities of disease transmission.

scholarly journals PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS ÓBITOS POR CÂNCER DE ESTÔMAGO NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2018; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DEATHS FROM STOMACH CANCER IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS FROM 2010 TO 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Euber Joe Jurado Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por câncer de estômago no estado do Tocantins de 2010 a 2018. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e transversal. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) disponível no DATASUS (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil). As variáveis coletadas foram o número total de óbitos, bem como, o sexo, faixa etária e a cor/raça dos indivíduos. Resultados: O número total de óbitos no estado do Tocantins no período em questão foi de 549, sendo o ano de 2017 o que mais apresentou casos, com 87 óbitos. Se levarmos em consideração o sexo das vítimas, podemos observar que houve um predomínio de indivíduos do sexo masculino com 357 óbitos, representando 67% do total de óbitos. No que diz respeito a faixa etária, verificamos uma grande quantidade de casos em pessoas acima de 60 anos, com 362 óbitos (66%), seguidos pela faixa etária de 40 a 59 anos com 157 óbitos (28,5%), 20 a 39 anos com 29 óbitos (5,3%) e abaixo de 20 anos com 1 óbito (0,2%). A média de idade calculada foi de 65,76 anos. Em relação a cor/raça notamos que os pardos lideram as estatísticas com 335 óbitos, correspondendo a 61% do total de óbitos. Conclusão: Levando em consideração o panorama mostrado, nota-se que o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por câncer de estômago no Tocantins entre 2010 e 2018 é composto por homens, acima de 60 anos, da raça parda. A erradicação do Helicobacter pylori representa um alvo para a prevenção primária do câncer gástrico. Portanto, representa um importante problema de saúde pública que requer atenção dos gestores públicos para a elaboração de medidas públicas, visando o planejamento dos recursos para a proteção da população tocantinense. Palavras-chave: Neoplasias Gástricas; Perfil de Saúde; Mortalidade.   ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to trace the epidemiological profile of deaths from stomach cancer in the state of Tocantins from 2010 to 2018. Methods: Epidemiological study of quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional nature. Data were collected in the Mortality Information System (SIM) available at DATASUS (Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System). The variables collected were the total number of deaths, as well as the sex, age group and color/race of the individuals. Results: The total number of deaths in the state of Tocantins in the period in question was 549, with 2017 having the highest number of cases with 87 deaths. If we take into account the sex of the victims, we can see that there was a predominance of male individuals with 357 deaths, representing 67% of the total deaths. Regarding the age group, we verified a large number of cases in people over 60 years old, with 362 deaths (66%), followed by the age group from 40 to 59 years old with 157 deaths (28.5%), 20 to 39 years old with 29 deaths (5.3%) and under 20 years old with 1 death (0.2%). The average age calculated was 65.76 years. Regarding color/race, we noticed that browns lead the statistics with 335 deaths, corresponding to 61% of the total deaths. Conclusion: Taking into account the panorama shown, it is noted that the epidemiological profile of deaths from stomach cancer in Tocantins between 2010 and 2018 is composed of men, over 60 years old, of the brown race. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori represents a target for the primary prevention of gastric cancer. Therefore, it represents an important public health problem that requires the attention of public managers for the elaboration of public measures, aiming at the planning of resources for the protection of the Tocantins population. Keywords: Stomach Neoplasms; Epidemiology; Mortality.

scholarly journals Chagas Disease in the Western Brazilian Amazon: Epidemiological Overview from 2007 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Fernanda Portela Madeira ◽  
Adila Costa de Jesus ◽  
Madson Huilber da Silva Moraes ◽  
Natália Froeder Barroso ◽  
Gabriela Vieira de Souza Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Introduction: Chagas disease (CD) is a disease caused by the protozoan flagellates of the Kinetoplastid order Trypanosoma cruzi. Approximately 8,000,000 people are infected worldwide, mainly in Latin America, causing disabilities and more than 10,000 deaths per year. Objective: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological panorama of CD in the Western Brazilian Amazon from 2007 to 2018. Methods: In this ecological study, secondary data regarding the confirmed cases of T. cruzi infection in the states of Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia, and Roraima were collected from the Single Health System Notification Information System of the Department of Informatics of the Single Health System and were analyzed. The data were used to characterize the epidemiological profile of T. cruzi infection and to determine the frequency of infection in Western Amazonia. Results: A total of 184 cases of CD were reported in Western Amazonia, and the highest number of cases was reported in the states of Amazonas and Acre. Conclusion: The epidemiological panorama of the Western Brazilian Amazon from 2007 to 2018 includes a greater number of cases of T. cruzi infection in men aged 20–39 years and those living in rural areas. Oral transmission was prevalent in the region during the study, and the highest number of cases was reported in the months of April and December. Epidemiological data are an important resource for understanding the dynamics of CD and the main aspects related to the health-disease process.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and sociodemographic characterization of women and men with cancer in a State in the Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-576
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Paraguassu Chaves ◽  
Allan Kardec Duailibe Barros Filho ◽  
Carlos de Andrade Macieira ◽  
Fabrício Moraes de Almeida ◽  
Lenita Rodrigues Moreira Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Health Council ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Objective: Objective: Analyzes the epidemiological and sociodemographic characterization of women and men with cancer in the State of Rondônia, Western Amazon (Brazil), diagnosed over a period of 2 (two) years. Materials and Methods: It is a documentary, cross-sectional and descriptive study, with the systematization of primary data, according to the methodological model recommended by Paraguassú-Chaves et al [25]. We used an instrument developde by Paraguassu-Chaves et al [26], semi-structured, divided into two blocks: (a) Block I – sociodemographic profile and (b) Block II – epidemiological profile. The Ethics Committee on Human Research at the reference hospital was asked to waive the Informed Consent Form. The research project is in accordance with Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council of Brazil. Results: Of the 3.333 new cases of cancer, 53.4% ​​were female and 46.5% male. The 10 (ten) most common types of cancer among men and women in Rondônia over a 2-year period were non-melanoma skin (C44), breast (C50), prostate (C61), cervix (C53), stomach (C16), thyroid gland (C73), bronchi and lungs (C33-C34), colon (C18), reticuloendothelial hematopoietic system (C42) and rectal cancer (C20). An age range of 50 to 69 years was predominant in both sexes and patients with low educational level. The highest frequency was for married patients. There was a predominance of brown skin, patients born in the State of Rondônia (22.6%) and agricultural workers. The Unified Health System - SUS was responsible for the entry for treatment of 99.5% of patients. Most patients underwent “other isolated therapeutic procedures” and with the disease in advanced stages. Conclusions: The estimate of new cancer cases in Rondônia follows an increasing trend. The scenarios selected from the variables of the sociodemographic and epidemiological indicators of the research require the public health authorities of Rondônia, urgent redirection of actions and strategies for the prevention, control, assistance and treatment of cancer in women and men in Rondônia.

scholarly journals Referral and counter-referral for the integrality of care in the Health Care Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleise Cristine Ribeiro Borges Oliveira ◽  
Elaine Andrade Leal Silva ◽  
Mariluce Karla Bomfim de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
The State ◽  
Healthcare Network ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Health Care Network

Abstract The objective was to analyze the functioning of the referral and counter-referral system for integral care in the Healthcare Network. Qualitative study performed through interviews with 66 participants - managers, workers and users of a town of the state of Bahia, Brazil, and upon approval by the Ethics Committee, opinion number nº 334.737. The material was analyzed using the Content Analysis proposed by Bardin, finished in 2014. Various conceptions of referral and counter-referral were identified, as follows: referral of users, user’s broader view; non-fragmented care; and integral care. For the users, the difficulties and facilities in the flows are concentrated in the Regulation and Scheduling Center and Family Health Units. It is concluded that, to enable the establishment of the network in an integral way, it is necessary to identify important strategies provided by the Unified Health System (SUS) and strengthen these strategies, as well as to identify any drawbacks to remedy them.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Estimated Cost of Surgeries for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Conducted by the Unified Health System in Brazil (2008–2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 086-093
Author(s):  
Marcelo José da Silva de Magalhães ◽  
Jeffet Lucas Silva Fernandes ◽  
Mateus Silva Alkmim ◽  
Evandro Barbosa dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Health System ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
The Absolute

Objective To define the epidemiological aspects and estimated costs of surgeries performed by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym) for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in Brazil between 2008 and 2016. Materials and Methods Documentary study, with data from the Informatics Department of the SUS (DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym), about the absolute number and incidence of admissions, the total and mean length of stay (in days), the total expenses, and the hospital and professional services expenses in the surgical treatment of CTS. Results During the period studied, there were 82,123 hospitalizations for surgery, with a 62% increase from 2008 to 2015, accompanied by an increase in the values of professional services. The incidence and the absolute number of procedures were higher in the South and Southeast regions. The North region presented the lowest expenses, absolute number, and incidence of admissions, as well as the longer mean length of stay. The mean length of stay decreased from 1.2 days in 2008 to 0.7 day in 2016. The expenses totaled BRL 29,463,148.80 during the period studied. After 2011, professional services became the largest portion of the total expenses. Hospital expenses corresponded to 52.49% of the expenditure in 2008, and to 36.24% in 2015, while professional expenses received the largest investment compared with the total amount expended in 2012. Conclusion The present study was not consistent with the international literature regarding epidemiological data and cost estimates. Brazil presented a disparity between absolute numbers and annual incidence of admissions and length of stay. Future researches can assess variables that have influenced these results, as well as contribute to public interventions aimed at the improvement of health care.

scholarly journals Study of an epidemiological profile of confirmed COVID-19 positive persons in district Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurmeet Kaur ◽  
Kiran Bala ◽  
Shalli .
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Travel History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Information

Background: India recorded its first COVID-19 case on 30 January 2020. Though the early, extended nationwide lockdown of the country was implemented effectively, this alone was not sufficient to defeat the COVID-19 disease. Realizing the importance of the need to generate local epidemiological data through robust studies, this study was undertaken in a district Kathua of Jammu and Kashmir. The aim was to study the epidemiological profile of patients tested positive in district Kathua.Methods: Retrospective observational study was done to find the spatial distribution of corona virus infection in the five blocks in district Kathua of Jammu and Kashmir. Data from the integrated disease surveillance project (IDSP) unit of district Kathua was screened and the epidemiological information from all the positive reports which included the total number of COVID-19 positive cases, address, travel history, contact history were extracted for the period of five months April 2020 to August 2020.Results: 929 patients were found positive for COVID-19. Male outnumbered the females.  More than 58.8% of males were of age group 21-40 years and the least number of positive male cases were seen in the age group >80 years. In our study 627 (67%) had a history of travel, 202 (21%) had a history of contact with a positive patient, 100 (10%) were positive with no history of travel or contact.Conclusions: Kathua block of the district was maximally affected having the 58.7% largest number of COVID-19 positive cases with cure rate of 92.46% and case fatality rate of 0.5% was observed.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PEDIATRIC CARDIOVASCULAR SURGICAL PATHOLOGIES AT A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 51767-51782
Author(s):  
Giovana Costa Pellissari ◽  
Marina Duda Ronconi ◽  
Amanda Tami Kitaura ◽  
Cassio Fon Ben Sum ◽  
Elisa Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Health System ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
The State ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Unified Health System

Introduction: to describe the epidemiological profile of patients cared for by the pediatric cardiac surgery service at a referral center in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during five years. Methods: retrospective, longitudinal cohort-type study of cardiovascular surgeries performed in children aged less than 18 years in a Unified Health System-affiliated hospital, from 3rd August 2013 to 2nd August 2018. Patients' demographic, clinical, and healthcare characteristics were assessed. The complexity and severity of the surgeries were assessed using the RACHS-1 method. Negative outcomes were deaths up to thirty days after surgery and complications (mediastinitis, renal failure, and systemic infection). Results: 1,191 procedures were performed, with a predominance of male (53.5%) infants (52.8%) from more near regions of the state (33.6%) and prevalence of RACHS-1 category 3 (36.5%). Most patients had undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (53.7%), mechanical ventilation (94.8%), and only one surgical procedure (56.3%). The most frequent pathology was ventricular septal defect. (15.7%). The median length of hospital stay was eighteen days, six days at intensive care units, and three days of preoperative waiting time. Lethality up to 30 days after surgery was 6%, and complications affected 22.4% of patients. The main factor associated with negative outcomes was represented by the RACHS-1 score with higher categories. Conclusion: This Unified Health System pediatric cardiac surgery service was relevant due to the magnitude of the procedures performed, and the healthcare complexity involved. The set of outcomes presented in this study indicated good healthcare quality in comparison to national standards.

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