Characterization and imaging of surgical specimens of invasive breast cancer and normal breast tissues with the application of Raman spectral mapping: A feasibility study and comparison with randomized single‑point detection method

Abstract Background: Invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA) is a common type of breast cancer with high incidence in clinics, so it is significant to find an effective biomarker for BRCA diagnosis and treatment. Although some Armadillo (Arm)-repeat proteins families are confirmed to be biomarkers in cancers, the role of Armadillo repeat-containing 1 (ARMC1) in BRCA remains unknown.Methods: We analyzed the ARMC1 expression in normal breast tissues and BRCA samples, and its association with overall survival by the public database. χ² test evaluated the risks associated with ARMC1 expression in TCGA-BRCA patient samples. The ARMC1 mutations in BRCA were explored in the cBioportal database. Besides, the GO and KEGG analysis was used to explore the potential signaling pathways of ARMC1 in BRCA. Lastly, Immunohistochemistry and immunohistochemistry were performed to validate the ARMC1 expression in BRCA.Results: ARMC1 level in tumor sample was significantly higher than that in normal tissue, and it was also related to lower survival. The factors in clinical patients such as tumor stage and grade and histology were associated with ARMC1 expression. There were 32% of ARMC1 genetic mutations in BRCA, and the amplification and high expression made up the majority of them. Also, ARMC1 might regulate BRCA by involving in the cell cycle. Increased ARMC1 expression was found in clinical breast carcinoma tissues by our confirmatory experiments.Conclusions: All the results revealed that ARMC1 may play a significant role in BRCA as a biomarker, it provides valuable clues for the treatment and diagnosis of invasive breast cancer.

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Repression of protocadherin 17 is correlated with elevated angiogenesis and hypoxia markers in female patients with breast cancer

Cancer Biomarkers ◽

10.3233/cbm-201593 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sanaa A. El-Benhawy ◽

Samia A. Ebeid ◽

Nadia A. Abd El Moneim ◽

Rabie R. Abdel Wahed ◽

Amal R.R. Arab

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Suppressor Gene ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Vital Role ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Cd34 Cells ◽

Breast Tissues

BACKGROUND: Altered cadherin expression plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) in breast cancer remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our target is to explore PCDH17 gene expression in breast carcinoma tissues and its relation to serum angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and % of circulating CD34+ cells in breast cancer patients (BCPs). METHODS: This study included Fifty female BCPs and 50 healthy females as control group. Cancerous and neighboring normal breast tissues were collected from BCPs as well as blood samples at diagnosis PCDH17 gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. Serum Ang-2, CAIX levels were measured by ELISA and % CD34+ cells were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: PCDH17 was downregulated in cancerous breast tissues and its repression was significantly correlated with advanced stage and larger tumor size. Low PCDH17 was significantly correlated with serum Ang-2, % CD34+ cells and serum CAIX levels. Serum CAIX, Ang-2 and % CD34+ cells levels were highly elevated in BCPs and significantly correlated with clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS: PCDH17 downregulation correlated significantly with increased angiogenic and hypoxia biomarkers. These results explore the role of PCDH17 as a tumor suppressor gene inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation.

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Long non-coding RNA ARAP1-AS1 accelerates cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer through miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20191764 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chong Lu ◽

Xiuhua Wang ◽

Xiangwang Zhao ◽

Yue Xin ◽

Chunping Liu

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Tumor Promoter ◽

Women Health ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

And Migration ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) poses a great threaten to women health. Numerous evidences suggest the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BC development. In the present study, we intended to investigate the role of ARAP1-AS1 in BC progression. First of all, the GEPIA data suggested that ARAP1-AS1 was highly expressed in breast invasive carcinoma (BRAC) tissues compared with the normal breast tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of ARAP1-AS1 was greatly up-regulated in BC cell lines. ARAP1-AS1 knockdown led to repressed proliferation, strengthened apoptosis and blocked migration of BC cells. Moreover, ARAP1-AS1 could boost HDAC2 expression in BC through sponging miR-2110 via a ceRNA mechanism. Of note, the UCSC predicted that HDAC2 was a potential transcriptional regulator of PLIN1, an identified tumor suppressor in BC progression. Moreover, we explained that the repression of HDAC2 on PLIN1 was owing to its deacetylation on PLIN1 promoter. More importantly, depletion of PLIN1 attenuated the mitigation function of ARAP1-AS1 silence on the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. To sum up, ARAP1-AS1 serves a tumor-promoter in BC development through modulating miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis, which may help to develop novel effective targets for BC treatment.

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FGF12 is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/7e5wd ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the fibroblast growth factor 12, encoded by FGF12, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues. FGF12 mRNA expression was significantly higher in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Up-regulation of FGF12 expression may contribute to metastasis of tumor cells from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

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C1R is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/p9eyr ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the complement component 1, r subcomponent, encoded by C1R, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues. C1R mRNA was present at significantly reduced quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Down-regulation of C1R expression may contribute to metastasis of tumor cells from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

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Traffic Classification Features and its Application in DDoS Detection

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.2673 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 380-384 ◽

pp. 2673-2676

Author(s):

Ze Yu Xiong

Keyword(s):

Detection Method ◽

Single Point ◽

Attack Detection ◽

Traffic Classification ◽

Ddos Attacks ◽

Detection Scheme ◽

Ddos Detection ◽

Point Detection ◽

Ddos Attack Detection ◽

Collaborative Detection

DDoS attacks have relatively low proportion of normal flow in the boundary network at the attack traffic,In this paper,we establish DDoS attack detection method based on defense stage and defensive position, and design and implement collaborative detection of DDoS attacks. Simulation results show that our approach has good timeliness, accuracy and scalability than the single-point detection and route-based distributed detection scheme.

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Promoter Methylation Status of the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Beta 2 Gene in Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study and Systematic Review

Breast Care ◽

10.1159/000489874 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kheirollah Yari ◽

Zohreh Rahimi

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta ◽

Cancer Tissues ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Receptor Beta

Background: We aimed to determine the promoter methylation status of the retinoic acid receptor-beta 2 (RARβ2) gene among breast cancer patients and to review relevant studies in this field in various populations. Methods: We analyzed 400 samples which comprised blood specimens from 102 breast cancer patients, 102 first-degree female relatives of patients, 100 cancer-free females, 48 breast cancer tissues, and 48 adjacent normal breast tissues from the same patients. The RARβ2 methylation status was determined using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and DNA sequencing methods. Results: The presence of combined partially methylated (MU) and fully methylated (MM) forms of the RARβ2 gene (MU+MM) in the blood of patients was associated with susceptibility to breast cancer (odds ratio = 4.7, p = 0.05). A significantly higher frequency of the MM genotype was observed in cancer tissue (10.4%) compared to matched adjacent normal breast tissue (0%) (p = 0.02). Conclusion: We found a higher frequency of RARβ2 gene methylation in the blood and cancer tissues of patients compared to the blood of controls and adjacent normal breast tissues. The survey of studies on various populations demonstrated a higher RARβ2 methylation frequency in breast cancer patients compared to normal individuals, and many reports suggest a significant association between hypermethylation of the gene and susceptibility to breast cancer.

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Promoter Hypermethylation and Suppression of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 Are Associated with Inflammatory Breast Carcinogenesis

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2014/787195 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Mona M. Mohamed ◽

Salwa Sabet ◽

Dun-Fa Peng ◽

M. Akram Nouh ◽

Mohamed El-Shinawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Epigenetic Regulation ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Promoter Hypermethylation ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase 3 ◽

Breast Tissues

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in breast cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. Inhibition of antioxidant enzymes that remove ROS was found to accelerate cancer growth. Studies showed that inhibition of glutathione peroxidase-3 (GPX3) was associated with cancer progression. Although the role of GPX3 has been studied in different cancer types, its role in breast cancer and its epigenetic regulation have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate GPX3 expression and epigenetic regulation in carcinoma tissues of breast cancer patients’ in comparison to normal breast tissues. Furthermore, we compared GPX3 level of expression and methylation status in aggressive phenotype inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) versus non-IBC invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). We found that GPX3 mRNA and protein expression levels were downregulated in the carcinoma tissues of IBC compared to non-IBC. However, we did not detect significant correlation between GPX3 and patients’ clinical-pathological prosperities. Promoter hypermethylation of GPX3 gene was detected in carcinoma tissues not normal breast tissues. In addition, IBC carcinoma tissues showed a significant increase in the promoter hypermethylation of GPX3 gene compared to non-IBC. Our results propose that downregulation of GPX3 in IBC may play a role in the disease progression.

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Abstract LB-409: Network analysis of RNA-seq data comparing triple negative breast cancer to normal breast tissues

10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-lb-409 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Milan Radovich ◽

Susan E. Clare ◽

George W. Sledge ◽

Ivanesa Pardo ◽

Theresa Mathieson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Breast Tissues

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Tyrosine kinase BMX is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/7jcqx ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Tyrosine Kinase ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that tyrosine kinase BMX was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal and transformed breast tissues. BMX mRNA was present at significantly reduced quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to normal breast tissues. Down-regulation of signals transduced by BMX may be an important event for metastasis of primary tumor-derived cancer cells to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

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