Visible Barriers to Economic Empowerment

2015 ◽  
pp. 166-179
Author(s):  
Rebecca Nthogo Lekoko ◽  
Andy Chebanne ◽  
Maitseo Bolaane ◽  
Tumelo Matlhongwane
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government

This chapter presents some barriers to grassroots empowerment; namely, when government prescriptive approaches take precedence over the felt needs of those to be empowered; empowerment projects are likely to fail. This chapter demonstrates that poverty reduction strategies left to the decisions of the government promote the use of one-size-fit-all approaches that cannot work for all. Empowerment is possible only to the extent that strategies and priorities are tailored to clients' needs. These needs can be effectively addressed when the grassroots work in close partnership with development partners in defining suitable projects and support systems. The model of empowerment presented in this chapter recognizes that welfare approach becomes more distasteful when people who can rely on their natural talents like the Serowe Wood Carvers are denied support to use these talents and hence forced to depend on the welfare schemes.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH MICRO CREDIT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
T. Indumathi ◽  
G. Savaraiah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Credit

The World Bank's Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project supports the self helf groups of the women members. It promotes women's social, economic, legal and political empowerment to reduce poverty among the poor and the poorest of the poor. The important object of this article is to examine the impact of micronance on the socio economic empowerment of the rural women supported by the national reputed NGO- Rashtriya Seva Samithi (RASS). 184 women members of the SHGs promoted by Rasthriya Seva Samathi (RASS) an NGO which located in Tirupati town. 184 samples are selected randomly from 15 SHGs scattered throughout the Tirupati rural mandal (Taluk) from the area of the study have been considered to conduct the present research study. The study reveals that 87.71 percent of the sample women were below the poverty line before joining the SHGs. As a result of SHG, about 40 percent of the sample women crossed the poverty line. The highest intensive value indicates that more women have participated in social agitations for the welfare of the children and the society. The second highest intensity reveals that considerable numbers of women of SHGs have participated in the government sponsored schemes. The 1st point secured 3rd rank with total intensity value of 605 which status that the micro credit has resulted in increased social status and empowerment.

scholarly journals Poverty Alleviation Strategy Policy Formulation in Toba Regency, North Sumatra Province

2020 ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Marlan Hutahaean ◽  
Dimpos Manalu ◽  
Johnson Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
North Sumatra

This paper aims to uncover the process of public policies formulation, specifically regarding poverty reduction strategies and social protection in Toba Regency, North Sumatra. The poverty reduction policy that is the focus of this research consists of three Regional Regulations (Perda), which were only issued in 2019, after the district was established (autonomy) since 1999, namely: Regional Regulation No. 2/2019 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare, Regional Regulation No. 10/2019 concerning Protection and Fulfillment of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and Regional Regulation Number policy formulation11/2019 concerning the Implementation of Elderly Welfare. This qualitative research concludes that the process and formulation of poverty reduction policies in Toba Regency took place technocratically and elitist. First, the three Regional Regulations are considered as "derived regulations", the operationalization of a higher level of statutory regulation (in this case government laws and regulations), which are considered to have clear scope and conception. Secondly, the three regional regulations were drafted at the end of the government (executive) period and national legislative elections which have implications and the potential for ineffective implementation of policies and as well as minimal oversight of the legislative majority which is not elected in the next period. This factor caused suspicion towards the three Regional Regulations to be solely formulated for the pragmatic interests of the incumbent regents for the sake of popularity and electability in the next regional elections. Third, there is a lack of public participation because these three regional regulations have policy targets for socially, culturally and politically vulnerable and voiceless groups, as well as the lack of support from civil society organizations. Based on the findings above, the policy recommendation put forward is that public involvement in the process and formulation of this Perda is not merely administrative in nature, but an active sequence from the setting agenda to the formulation.

Integrating Clean Energy Use in National Poverty Reduction Strategies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Ezeanya ◽  
Abel Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government

The disappearance of Rwanda’s forests and attendant change in climatic conditions prompted the government to explore clean energy alternatives such as biogas. Unlike at any other time in Rwanda’s history, more and more Rwandans in rural areas are becoming owners of cattle because of the Government of Rwanda’s agricultural direct assistance and poverty reduction programme known as Girinka. This chapter focuses on the various strategies employed by the government of Rwanda in achieving increased biogas use among the rural poor Girinka beneficiaries who use cow dung for their domestic biogas plants. Conditions necessary for successful implementation of clean energy pro-poor reforms in rural communities are explored.

scholarly journals Increase The State Of Poverty In Jordan During The Period 2010-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Jameel Aljaloudi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
National Level ◽  
Welfare Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Fiscal Conditions ◽  
Poverty Lines ◽  
The Government

This research aims to study the change in poverty rates in Jordan and the governorates during the period 2010-2017. In estimating poverty rates, the method used by the government in the report on the state of poverty in Jordan for the year 2012 was adopted. This method is similar to the method of the World Bank in estimating global poverty rates. In assessing poverty lines for the year 2017, poverty lines for the year 2010 were re-estimated based on the change in inflation rates and the change in the standard household size at the national and governorate levels during the period 2010-2017. The research relied on national and international secondary sources to collect data related to income, economic growth, and unemployment. Mainly, in this research, reference was made to the Household Income and Expenditure Survey for the year 2010 and 2017 that was conducted by the Jordanian Department of General Statistics. The results of the research showed a significant increase in poverty rates at the national level. It increased from (14.4%) in 2010 to (22.2%) in 2017. With the exception of Ma’an Governorate, all governorates showed a significant increase in their poverty rates. The results also showed the great variation in poverty rates between governorates. These results indicate that the goals contained in the government’s poverty reduction strategies have not been achieved. The reason is not only due to the content and implementation of these plans, but also to the slowdown in economic growth rates and the high unemployment rates since 2010. It is also expected that the rise in the state of poverty will continue due to the deterioration of the economic conditions and will continue with the Corona pandemic, the end of which cannot be foreseen. This situation constitutes more pressure on the government to provide appropriate solutions to alleviate the state of poverty, especially in the difficult fiscal conditions it has faced recently. Keywords: poverty, welfare economic, income distribution, economic growth, unemployment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Farmer Input Support Program (FISP) on Small-Scale Farmers in the Kara Region of Togo

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
John-Philippe Essiagnon Alavo ◽  
Emefa Adzowa-Sika Cogbe ◽  
Xiangmei Li ◽  
Gershom Mwalupaso Endelani ◽  
Ekram Abdalgadir Eltom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

The government of Togo reintroduced Farmer Input Support Program (FISP) as one of its Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS) in 2002. Since the introduction of the program, the studies that evaluate its effects on income have focused either on fertilizer or seed component, but not on both, which made it a challenge to find out what improvements in small-scale farmers’ productivity can be attributed to FISP as a whole. Using Propensity Score Matching technique with collected data from 150 randomly surveyed households in the Kara region of Togo, the authors of the study estimated the impact of FISP on beneficiary households’ output from maize production. The results show that FISP augmented household annual maize income by 30.8% and total household income by 13.9% for both 2016/17 and 2017/18 cropping seasons. However, even though FISP is achieving its objective of improving small-scale farmers’ income, this increment is still not large enough to take households above the poverty line, and the effects of FISP to reduce overall poverty is also limited.

scholarly journals Forecasting of Poverty Data Using Seasonal ARIMA Modeling in West Java Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Desri Kristina Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Poor People ◽  
West Java ◽  
Sarima Model ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government

The government continues to carry out poverty reduction strategies in Indonesia, especially in West Java Province. West Java Province is a province that has the most populous population in Indonesia. This will affect the level of welfare and the amount of poverty. The strategy undertaken is inseparable from accurate poverty data and is available from year to year. Even from the available data, the government can forecast the number of poor people in the coming years. Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) method is one of forecasting methods. SARIMA is the development of the ARIMA model which has a seasonal effect. Based on the results of the study, that poverty data forecasting in the province of West Java using the SARIMA method obtained SARIMA model (0,1,1) (1,1,1)4. This model is the best model for forecasting data with an R-Squared value of 98%, Mean Square Error is 7.705.5800.000 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error IS 2,81%. It’s means this SARIMA model is very good in predicting poverty data in West Java Province.

scholarly journals Selection of Poverty Reduction Program through Community-Based Economic Empowerment in Madiun City

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Nila Andriani ◽  
Ramadhan Prasetya Wibawa ◽  
Liana Vivin Wihartanti
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Madiun City is one of the cities in East Java Province and is known as a city of trade and industry, Madiun community, in general, is a picture of modern society even though it is far from economic development in the capital city. Madiun is a city that has the potential to become an advanced economic center in the city of Madiun. Current conditions indicate that the unemployment rate and the quality of human resources in the city of Madiun are still low. Data from the Manpower Office of the city of Madiun noted that the number of unemployed people in the local area reached 5,700. Besides, people's economic strength has not developed optimally, and the index of public purchasing power is still low. In 2018 data from the Central Bureau of Statistics illustrates that poverty in Madiun City reached 4.49% or as many as 7.92 thousand people. One way to alleviate poverty in the city of Madiun is through community-based economic empowerment. This study aims to formulate a strategy to alleviate poverty through community-based economic empowerment and to improve the living standards of people in the city of Madiun. The method used in this study is qualitative by using primary and secondary data. Data collection is done by interviews, documentation, and field observations. The findings of the study are that the existence of community-based economic empowerment in Madiun city can increase economic income and increase the community's insight into becoming more open to the economy of the community, as well as the newly formed community. The efforts of fostering and empowering have been carried out by the government and the local community through business dissemination, small and medium industry counseling, strengthening community participation in training, and providing community training, namely how to build a robust community, management training, and marketing system training.

scholarly journals The role of Zambian civil society in evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 158-184
Author(s):  
John Njovu
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Paris Declaration ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government

Without active civil society and their evaluations, Zambia would still be a colonised nation. It is the welfare societies and cultural groups of indigenous Africans that were the foundation for the political movements that fought for its independence from the British. After political independence, civil society grew because of the 1970s global oil and financial crises. This was to mitigate the adverse effects on ordinary citizens of the conditionality of borrowing from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and developed nations. The increase in foreign development assistance led to an increase in development projects and programmes along with their associated internal management requirements for monitoring and evaluation (M&E). Government, during this time, also started to formulate plans and programmes that required components of M&E (for example, poverty reduction strategies). After the 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, M&E rose to prominence in Zambia’s national development processes. Civil society played a major role in the return to multi-party democracy politics of Zambia in 1991. Post 1991, it began to also play a major role in M&E governance and ensuring that the democratic gains of 1991 were protected. Part of the demand for external M&E capacity development was to enhance its watchdog role over the Zambian government. Though the government recognises civil society as a partner in national democratic processes, it is sometimes mistrustful and hostile to evaluation revelations that are critical of government. There remains a need to strengthen this partnership to ensure that national evaluation capacities are developed. Improved capacities will in turn lead to good governance and public service delivery in Zambia. In this way, sustainable development goals will be attained, and no one will be left behind.

The Quest for Achieving Universal Social Protection in Nepal: Challenges and Opportunities

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandita Sijapati
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Uncertainties ◽  
Development Paradigm

With the entry into the new millennium, social protection has emerged as a new priority for developing countries as well as international development institutions. Earlier, social protection programmes were considered unsuitable for developing countries, whereas recent years has seen a shift in the development paradigm with social protection policies now considered a key component of international poverty reduction strategies and a development instrument centred on the rights of the poor. Drawing from the experience of Nepal as a case study, this article seeks to examine the different approaches to social protection in the South Asian region, and also the challenges faced and issues remaining in providing a minimum level of social protection necessary for a decent living. The experience of Nepal is important because it marks a shift from social protection covering government pensioners only to one where the government is implementing a varied portfolio, despite high levels of poverty, political uncertainties, and low growth rates.

scholarly journals The Effects of Poverty Reduction Strategies on Artisanal Fishing in Ghana: The Case of Keta Municipality

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mawunyo Dzidza ◽  
Ian Jackson ◽  
Ametefee K. Normanyo ◽  
Michael Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Adjustment Program ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government

This paper assesses the level of poverty in Ghana after three decades of successive implementation of numerous poverty reduction strategies including Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) by various governments of Ghana. The Keta municipality in the Volta region, where artisanal fishing thrives, was chosen as a representative sample of the whole country. The authors identified eleven artisanal fishing communities in the selected area using systematic sampling. Data were collected on household consumption patterns. This process was used to determine the profile of poverty using the latest upper poverty line of Ghana and the Greer and Thorbecke (1984) poverty formula. Research findings show that the various poverty alleviation methods implemented over three decades by the Government of Ghana, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) significantly failed as they have not produced any meaningful effect on poverty reduction in the sample area. Finally, this paper offers further suggestions regarding how this poverty gap may be bridged using alternative methods.

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