Female Entrepreneurship in Portugal

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-91
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Ribeiro ◽  
Liliana Santos ◽  
Diana Martins
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Female Entrepreneur ◽  
Multiple Case Studies

Entrepreneurship is an increasingly studied international phenomenon, often being understood as a way of creating jobs and boosting economic growth, development, and innovation. This chapter aims to take on the problem related to gender and entrepreneurship in the Portuguese society. The goal is to explain the concept of entrepreneur, behavioral, and social differences between the masculine and the feminine gender as entrepreneurs and identify Portuguese female entrepreneurs. A qualitative, multiple case studies methodology is applied to the sample of eight Portuguese female entrepreneurs, the data collection instrument being the semi-structured interview. Regarding the obtained results, it can be stated that the majority of the interviewees has entrepreneurs in the family, the father being the most mentioned figure as booster of entrepreneur activity. The wish for personal realization and independence are the main factors that motivated self-employment. No entrepreneur felt any discrimination or gender inequality as a female entrepreneur.

scholarly journals The Effect of Transported Education on School: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-118
Author(s):  
Pınar YENGİN SARPKAYA ◽  
Sinem DAL
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
School Buses ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Strengthening Families ◽  
Case Design

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the improvement of the application by revealing the difficulties of transported education application in a secondary school. In this study, single holistic case design was followed. Data was collected through semi-structured interview and semi-structured observation forms. 11 participants, determined by the maximal variation sampling, were interviewed and 14 weeks of participant observation was made. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Findings revealed that most important difficulties of transported education; for students, coming to school early and without having breakfast, waste of time and sleeplessness; for administrators, heavy workload. For educational programs, most serious difficulty for students is not to participate in out of school activities. Besides, it was determined that of the school-families cooperation was not of the desired quality. It was proposed to develop a new working order for school buses, to carry out an action research aimed at strengthening families' commitment to school, and to conduct multiple case studies in schools to be determined by extreme case sampling.

scholarly journals Adding Walls

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
Lynne Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Literacy ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Multimodal Text ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
Critical Literacy Pedagogy

This study investigates Grade 10 English teachers’ awareness of place and street art in two schools’ learning environments in Ras Beirut, Lebanon. Overall, this study aims to demonstrate the gap in and need for teaching critical literacy and advocates street art as a multimodal text to accomplish this. This research employs mixed methods in multiple case studies to address research questions. Teachers were given a mapping activity to gauge awareness and a follow-up semi-structured interview was conducted. This study engages with literature from fields of street art, place-based learning, multimodality, critical literacy, and teacher identities to create a theatre in which to advocate using street art for critical literacy pedagogy. These fields of literature then shaped a discussion, which ultimately revealed low awareness of place and street art and a need for richer cultural connections with place for both students and teachers.

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC ITINERARY REVEALED BY THE FAMILY MEMBERS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH MESOTHELIOMA: MULTIPLE CASE STUDIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Denise Padilha Baran ◽  
Nen Nalu Alves das Mercês ◽  
Leila Maria Mansano Sarquis ◽  
Luciana Martins da Rosa ◽  
Carolina Mensi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Disease Family

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the therapeutic itinerary revealed by the relatives of individuals with mesothelioma. Method: a multiple case study with a qualitative approach. Six family members of the cases occurred in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Data was collected from medical records and interviews between January and July 2016 and submitted to comparative and content analysis, supported by the Health Care System framework. Results: seven categories emerged from the data: Acknowledgment of the illness; Popular care and the attempt to escape from the illness; The popular subsystem directs to the professional subsystem; Professional subsystem: unraveling the mystery of the disease; Family: care supremacy; Religion: hope and encouragement; and Disease due to mesothelioma from the perspective of the family member. Conclusion: the therapeutic itinerary was built from early symptoms detection and common sense practices. The family was the central unit of care; the professional subsystem, with the challenge of diagnosing the disease, and religion, which represented the person’s and family members’ hope. Studying the topic can contribute to improve the planning of the health actions promoted to individuals with mesothelioma, from the diagnosis process, treatment to death.

scholarly journals NON-AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF RURAL WOMEN AS A FACTOR ELIMINATING SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES AND INFLUENCING RURAL AREA DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 486-494
Author(s):  
Alicja Stolarska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Family ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

On the basis of unpublished data from GUS (Central Statistical Office), in the years 2014-2016, as well as a review of literature, an analysis of the socio-economic situation of rural women, who make a living by running own non-agricultural businesses, was conducted. Income stemming from various sources of earnings was compared with reference to the situation on the labour market. Rural women were characterized on the basis of various types of self-employment undertaken, underlining the major role of such forms of labour in levelling out opportunities and the development of rural areas. Their average age was 45 and the number of people in the family 3.8. Only 2.4% of female entrepreneurs were from single-person households. Types of non-agricultural entrepreneurship were presented, where trade prevailed and 25.9% of entrepreneurs also employed other employees. By applying the coefficient of variation, many differences in the household income of female entrepreneurs were noted.

FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS IN AUSTRALIA: AN INVESTIGATION OF FINANCIAL AND FAMILY ISSUES

1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 445-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN BREEN ◽  
CHERYL CALVERT ◽  
JUDY OLIVER
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Female Entrepreneur ◽  
Personal Savings

This paper discusses the findings of a survey of female entrepreneurs in Australia and provides a profile of the female entrepreneur and their business activity. The characteristics of the entrepreneur are described, including their motivation for going into business, their attitudes toward training and joining networks. The issues of access to finance and family/business conflict are further investigated in the light of current literature. The results indicate that female entrepreneurs in Australia are well educated and tend to commence their businesses with low start-up capital obtained from personal savings or from family and friends. Their businesses are concentrated in the services sector, with a significant number starting out as home-based businesses. Despite evidence that female entrepreneurs have difficulty in obtaining loan funds, the survey results indicated that a high proportion of female entrepreneurs applying for loans were successful. Further analysis of the survey data indicated that the reason for the loan success had little to do with the strength of the business. This was evidenced by the respondents advising that the main type of information requested at the loan interview was personal financial details, that a high proportion of loans were secured by the family home, and that financial institutions required little in the way of ongoing reporting.

scholarly journals Percepção de trabalhadores sobre o adolescente em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa de internação/Perceptions of workers on the adolescente in compliance with socioeducative measurement of internation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-396
Author(s):  
José Júnior Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Magda Fernanda Lopes de Oliveira Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Work Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Collection Instrument

O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a percepção de trabalhadores do sistema socioeducativo sobre o adolescente em cumprimento da medida de internação, considerando que essa percepção influencia diretamente na maneira como a medida é executada. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de campo, com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como instrumento para a coleta de dados uma entrevista semiestruturada, na qual os resultados foram tratados com a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Como resultados foram elencadas três categorias temáticas: 1) Motivos que levam ao ato infracional e os responsáveis por esses adolescentes; 2) O trabalho nas medidas socioeducativas de internação; 3) Entre a vítima e o vilão: A percepção dos trabalhadores sobre a efetividade das medidas socioeducativas de internação. Os trabalhadores percebem o adolescente sob a ótica do estigma de infrator. Acredita-se que essa percepção, que destacou a família como a grande responsável pelo rompimento social do adolescente, influencia diretamente no curso do cumprimento da medida, inclusive na efetivação.  É necessário ampliar essas discussões sobre os trabalhadores que participam da execução da medida socioeducativa de internação, para contribuição e reflexão sobre o seu processo de trabalho e sua interferência no direcionamento de vidas. AbstractThe present study had as objective to know the perception of workers of the socioeducative system on the adolescent in fulfillment of the hospitalization measure considering that this perception directly influences in the way the measurement is executed. It is an exploratory field study, with a qualitative approach, which used as a data collection instrument a semi-structured interview, in which the results were treated with the content analysis in the thematic modality. As results were listed three thematic categories: 1) Motives that lead to the infraction and those responsible for these adolescents; 2) Work on socio-educational measures of hospitalization; 3) Between the victim and the villain: The workers' perception about the effectiveness of the socio-educational measures of hospitalization. The workers perceive the adolescent from the perspective of the stigma of the offender. It is believed that this perception, which highlighted the family as the major responsible for the social disruption of the adolescent, directly influences the course of compliance of the measure, including its effectiveness. It is necessary to broaden these discussions on the workers who participate in the implementation of the socio-educational measure of hospitalization, for contribution and reflection on their work process and their interference in directing lives.Key words: Perception; Adolescent; Justice; Occupational Therapy. ResumenEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción de trabajadores del sistema socioeducativo sobre el adolescente en cumplimiento de la medida de internación considerando que esa percepción influye directamente en la manera como la medida es ejecutada. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de campo, con abordaje cualitativo, que utilizó como instrumento para la recolección de datos una entrevista semiestructurada, en la cual los resultados fueron tratados con el análisis de contenido en la modalidad temática. Como resultados se enumeraron tres categorías temáticas: 1) Motivos que llevan al acto infraccional y los responsables de esos adolescentes; 2) el trabajo en las medidas socioeducativas de internación; 3) Entre la víctima y el villano: La percepción de los trabajadores sobre la efectividad de las medidas socioeducativas de internación. Los trabajadores perciben al adolescente bajo la óptica del estigma de infractor. Se cree que esa percepción, que destacó a la familia como la gran responsable por el rompimiento social del adolescente, influye directamente en el curso del cumplimiento de la medida, incluso en la efectividad. Es necesario ampliar esas discusiones sobre los trabajadores que participan en la ejecución de la medida socioeducativa de internación, para contribuir y reflexionar sobre su proceso de trabajo y su interferencia en el direccionamiento de vidas.Palabras clave: Percepción; Adolescente; Justicia; Terapia Ocupacional. 

scholarly journals Seeking tirelessly for better health and life conditions for the child with myelomeningocele

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida Bonelli ◽  
Amanda Aparecida Borges ◽  
Renata Olzon Dionysio de Souza ◽  
Gabriela Van Der Zwaan Broekman Castro ◽  
Gabriel Brassi Silvestre de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Family Nursing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
The Face

Objective: to understand the experience of families in the care of children with myelomeningocele. Method: a qualitative research study, which adopted Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as its theoretical and methodological framework, and the semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument. Twenty-eight participants from thirteen families living in a municipality in the inland of São Paulo took part in the study. Results: the family tirelessly seeks better health and life conditions for the child with myelomeningocele; aiming at the child’s autonomy, it is mobilized to the necessary treatments, to learn the care, to adapt the routine, as well as to supply for all the child’s needs so that it reaches potential development, looking for a less dependent future with inclusion and social ascension. Conclusion: family nursing shows potential support in the face of myelomeningocele, due to its ability to apprehend the family system, evaluate it and enable intervention proposals in the care process. In this study, rehabilitation nursing was also emphasized, since it goes together with the child and the family who experience myelomeningocele.

scholarly journals Discovery of hearing impairment by the family: seeing an idealized future collapse

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila de Souza Vieira ◽  
Maria Cecília Bevilacqua ◽  
Noeli Marchioro Liston Andrade Ferreira ◽  
Giselle Dupas
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Expected Loss ◽  
Family Experience ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Negative Feelings

OBJECTIVE: To portray the family experience when the discovery of hearing impairment in their child. METHODS: Qualitative research with Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as theoretical and methodological frameworks. Data collection instrument: semi-structured interview. The study included nine families (32 participants). RESULTS: The theme, "Seeing an idealized future collapse", shows that for the family, discovered the possibility of having a child with hearing loss is a moment that involves many negative feelings. CONCLUSION: Discover the hearing loss has a meaning of the expected loss of the perfect child, frustrated expectations and uncertain future. The family has been inadequately approached and the diagnosis has been made late, which requires immediate changes to the practices of professionals.

Comparative Study Of Green Practices In Haryana State Universities

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1008-1016
Author(s):  
Priyanka ◽  
Ms Ipshita Bansal
Keyword(s):  
State Universities ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Green Practices ◽  
Size Population ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Complex Activities

Universities in the state are regarded as ‘small cities’ due to their large size, population, and the various complex activities taking place in campuses, which have some serious direct and indirect impacts on the environment. The current study focuses on the green practices in state universities of Haryana. The comparative analysis has been done between the multiple case studies and find out the best green practices being adopted in universities for moving towards making the green campus and recommend the area of improvement for making environment sustainable campus.

scholarly journals Competency-Industry Relatedness (C-IR) Framework for Sustained Business Growth in Startups during and beyond Pandemic: Myths and Lessons from Publicly Funded Innovative Startups

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4632
Author(s):  
Varun Gupta ◽  
Luis Rubalcaba
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Industry Relatedness

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a turbulent business environment, resulting in market uncertainties, frustrations, and rumors. Wrongly held beliefs—or myths—can hinder startups from turning new market opportunities into their favor (for example, by failing at diversification decisions) or undertaking wrong business decisions, e.g., diversifying in industries that have products of no real market value). Objectives: The objective of the paper is to identify the beliefs that drive the business decisions of startups in a pandemic and to isolate those beliefs that are merely myths. Further, this paper proposes strategic guidelines in the form of a framework to help startups make sound decisions that can lead to market success. Method: The two-step research method involved multiple case studies with five startups based in India, France, Italy, and Switzerland, to identify perceptual beliefs that drove strategic business decisions, followed by a case study of 36 COVID-19-solution focused startups, funded by the European Union (EU). The findings were validated through a survey that involved 102 entrepreneurs. The comparative analysis of two multiple case studies helped identify beliefs that were merely “myths”; myths that drove irrational strategic decisions, resulting in business failures. Results: The results indicate that startups make decisions in pandemic situations that are driven by seven myths, pertaining to human, intellectual, and financial resources. The decision on whether to diversify or continue in the same business operation can be divided into four strategic options of the Competency-Industry Relatedness (C-IR) framework: ignore, delay, phase-in, and diversify. Diversification in the same (or different industry) is less risky for startups if they have the skills, as needed, to diversify in related industries. Diversification in related industries helps startups leverage their experiences and learning curves (those associated with existing product lines) to adapt their existing products in new markets, or utilize their technologies to solve new problems via new products. The desired outcome for these startups should be sustainable business growth—to meet sustainability goals by contributing to the society and the economy. Conclusion: The C-IR framework is a strategic guide for startups to make business decisions based on internal factors, rather than myths. Accurately assessing skill diversity and the nature of new industries (or markets) will help startups leverage their existing resources optimally, without the need for (pricey) external funding. This will foster sustained business growth resulting in a nation economic development. Knowledge transfer from the Innovation ecosystem will further strengthen the C-IR framework effectiveness.

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