3D Printed Glitches

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
James F. Kerestes
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Common Resource ◽  
Education Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Architecture And Design

3D printing is a common resource within the architecture and design disciplines in higher education. As is the case with all tools, there is a predetermined functionality and expected outcome when using additive manufacturing technology. There are also learning opportunities rooted in unforeseen equipment errors. The following chapter outlines alternate approaches for the use of 3D printing beyond mere representation and utilization in higher education design environments. Manufactured glitches enable students to analyze the predetermined functionality of the tools they engage with, and enter into a dialogue with technology as a medium for exploration and authorial exchange. To explore these concepts, a series of case studies that tested the parameters of glitches in both digital (three-dimensional modeling software) and physical mediums (rapid prototyping) was completed by a group of architecture and design students at a Midwestern University in the United States.

scholarly journals Custom 3D-printed Total Talar Prostheses Restore Normal Joint Anatomy Throughout the Hindfoot

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0012
Author(s):  
Joseph Tracey ◽  
Danny Arora ◽  
Selene Parekh
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
Declination Angle ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Talar Tilt ◽  
Radiographic Alignment

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Third generation total talar prostheses (TTP) are viable options for talar avascular necrosis (AVN) in the absence of neighboring joint pathology. The use of modern three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for the production of custom implants that exactly mimic the patient’s anatomy. The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of 3D printing in reproducing a synthetic talus, and in doing so, restoring more normal anatomic relationships. We hypothesize that this mode of replication will restore and maintain normal radiographic alignment of the ankle, subtalar, and forefoot joints in the setting of talar AVN. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients undergoing TTP implantation for the treatment of talar AVN between 2016 and 2017. Pertinent demographic and operative factors were recorded. Radiographic measurements were taken pre- and post-operatively to determine native talar dimensions, TTP implant dimensions, and the corresponding radiographic alignment about the forefoot, hindfoot, and ankle. Results: Fourteen patients, treated for AVN between 2016-2017, were identified in our cohort. Talar arc length and width were not found to be significantly changed, however talar height was significantly increased with use of TTP. Five alignment dimensions were measured (tibiotalar alignment, talar tilt angle, Boehler’s angle, talar declination angle, and Meary’s Angle), of which, only talar tilt angle was significantly changed. Instances of Meary’s angle correction were observed in cavus and planus foot deformity. Conclusion: This study represents the largest case series of TTP performed in the United States, and is the first to investigate the 3D printed TTP. As a proof-of-concept, 3D printed TTP was successful in restoring talar height and talar tilt in the setting of AVN. Additionally, the procedure maintained normal alignment in non-pathologic joints. Total talar prosthesis, based on our cohort, is a viable option to restore more normal anatomic alignment.

Biodegradable 3D Printed Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽  
Danielle R. Berry ◽  
John C. Reagan ◽  
Ronald A. Smaldone ◽  
Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Technique ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1 – 55 µm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printing for heart diseases: clinical application review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Ma ◽  
Peng Ding ◽  
Lanlan Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ping Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractHeart diseases remain the top threat to human health, and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing day. Convincing evidence shows that three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for a more precise understanding of the complex anatomy associated with various heart diseases. In addition, 3D-printed models of cardiac diseases may serve as effective educational tools and for hands-on simulation of surgical interventions. We introduce examples of the clinical applications of different types of 3D printing based on specific cases and clinical application scenarios of 3D printing in treating heart diseases. We also discuss the limitations and clinically unmet needs of 3D printing in this context.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printing of Hydroxyapatite Composites for Biomedical Application

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Yanting Han ◽  
Qianqian Wei ◽  
Pengbo Chang ◽  
Kehui Hu ◽  
Oseweuba Valentine Okoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Hard Tissue Engineering

Hydroxyapatite (HA) and HA-based nanocomposites have been recognized as ideal biomaterials in hard tissue engineering because of their compositional similarity to bioapatite. However, the traditional HA-based nanocomposites fabrication techniques still limit the utilization of HA in bone, cartilage, dental, applications, and other fields. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been shown to provide a fast, precise, controllable, and scalable fabrication approach for the synthesis of HA-based scaffolds. This review therefore explores available 3D printing technologies for the preparation of porous HA-based nanocomposites. In the present review, different 3D printed HA-based scaffolds composited with natural polymers and/or synthetic polymers are discussed. Furthermore, the desired properties of HA-based composites via 3D printing such as porosity, mechanical properties, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties are extensively explored. Lastly, the applications and the next generation of HA-based nanocomposites for tissue engineering are discussed.

scholarly journals Three-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/multicomponent bioactive glass scaffolds for potential application in bone tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Fathi ◽  
Farzad Kermani ◽  
Aliasghar Behnamghader ◽  
Sara Banijamali ◽  
Masoud Mozafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Co Doped

AbstractOver the last years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied to produce suitable substitutes for treating bone defects. In this work, 3D printed composite scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) and strontium (Sr)- and cobalt (Co)-doped multi-component melt-derived bioactive glasses (BGs) were prepared for bone tissue engineering strategies. For this purpose, 30% of as-prepared BG particles (size <38 μm) were incorporated into PCL, and then the obtained composite mix was introduced into a 3D printing machine to fabricate layer-by-layer porous structures with the size of 12 × 12 × 2 mm3.The scaffolds were fully characterized through a series of physico-chemical and biological assays. Adding the BGs to PCL led to an improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds and increased their hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the PCL/BG scaffolds showed apatite-forming ability (i.e., bioactivity behavior) after being immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). The in vitro cellular examinations revealed the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds and confirmed them as suitable substrates for the adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, 3D printed composite scaffolds made of PCL and Sr- and Co-doped BGs might be potentially-beneficial bone replacements, and the achieved results motivate further research on these materials.

scholarly journals 3D printing of a bio-based ink made of cross-linked cellulose nanofibrils with various metal cations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Benedikt Mietner ◽  
Xuehe Jiang ◽  
Ulrica Edlund ◽  
Bodo Saake ◽  
Julien R. G. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Metallic Cations

AbstractIn this work, we present an approach to cross-link cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with various metallic cations (Fe3+, Al3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) to produce inks suitable for three-dimensional (3D) printing application. The printability of each hydrogel ink was evaluated, and several parameters such as the optimal ratio of Mn+:TOCNF:H2O were discussed. CNF suspensions were produced by mechanical disintegration of cellulose pulp with a microfluidizer and then oxidized with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). Finally, metal cations were introduced to the deprotonated TEMPO-oxidized CNF (TOCNF) suspension to cross-link the nanofibrils and form the corresponding hydrogels. The performances of each gel-ink were evaluated by rheological measurements and 3D printing. Only the gels incorporated with divalent cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ were suitable for 3D printing. The 3D printed structures were freeze-dried and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The better interaction of the TOCNFs with the divalent metallic cations in terms of printability, the viscoelastic properties of the inks, and the variation trends owing to various metal cations and ratios are discussed.

A review on the role of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19: safety and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapam Ningthemba Singh ◽  
Vavilada Satya Swamy Venkatesh ◽  
Ashish Bhalchandra Deoghare
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Purpose During the COVID-19 pandemic, the three-dimensional (3D) printing community is actively participating to address the supply chain gap of essential medical supplies such as face masks, face shields, door adapters, test swabs and ventilator valves. This paper aims to present a comprehensive study on the role of 3D printing during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, its safety and its challenges. Design/methodology/approach This review paper focuses on the applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 along with the safety and challenges associated with 3D printing to fight COVID-19. The literature presented in this paper is collected from the journal indexing engines including Scopus, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, Web of Science, etc. The main keywords used for searches were 3D printing COVID-19, Safety of 3D printed parts, Sustainability of 3D printing, etc. Further possible iterations of the keywords were used to collect the literature. Findings The applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 are 3D printed face masks, shields, ventilator valves, test swabs, drug deliveries and hands-free door adapters. As most of these measures are implemented hastily, the safety and reliability of these parts often lacked approval. The safety concerns include the safety of the printed parts, operators and secondary personnel such as the workers in material preparation and transportation. The future challenges include sustainability of the process, long term supply chain, intellectual property and royalty-free models, etc. Originality/value This paper presents a comprehensive study on the applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 with emphasis on the safety and challenges in it.

Additive technology applied to the realization of K-band microwave terminations: reproducibility improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Azar Maalouf ◽  
Ronan Gingat ◽  
Vincent Laur
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Rectangular Waveguide ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Additive Technology ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
K Band

This study examines K-band rectangular waveguide terminations with three-dimensional (3D)-printed loads, and proposes an Asymmetrical Tapered Wedge topology. This geometry shows a good tradeoff between microwave performance and 3D-printing issues (printing directions and support material requirements), thus improving noticeably the reproducibility of the devices. The effect of the density of the 3D-printed load on the reflection parameter of the termination was investigated. Even for a low density, reflection level remained below −27.5 dB between 18 and 26.5 GHz. Reproducibility was demonstrated by the characterization of six loads that were 3D printed under the same conditions. Measurements demonstrate that a maximum reflection parameter level of −33.5 dB can be ensured over the whole frequency band without any post-machining of the 3D-printed devices.

Algorithm to Reduce Leading and Lagging in Conformal Direct-Print

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Vatani ◽  
Faez Alkadi ◽  
Jae-Won Choi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
B Spline ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Printing System ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printed Patterns

A novel additive manufacturing algorithm was developed to increase the consistency of three-dimensional (3D) printed curvilinear or conformal patterns on freeform surfaces. The algorithm dynamically and locally compensates the nozzle location with respect to the pattern geometry, motion direction, and topology of the substrate to minimize lagging or leading during conformal printing. The printing algorithm was implemented in an existing 3D printing system that consists of an extrusion-based dispensing module and an XYZ-stage. A dispensing head is fixed on a Z-axis and moves vertically, while the substrate is installed on an XY-stage and moves in the x–y plane. The printing algorithm approximates the printed pattern using nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves translated directly from a 3D model. Results showed that the proposed printing algorithm increases the consistency in the width of the printed patterns. It is envisioned that the proposed algorithm can facilitate nonplanar 3D printing using common and commercially available Cartesian-type 3D printing systems.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON PLANNING AND PLATFORM FOR INTERACTIVE EXHIBITION OF SCIENTIFIC CULTURAL HERITAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 605-607
Author(s):  
Y. H. Jo ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
N. C. Cho ◽  
C. H. Lee ◽  
Y. H. Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Conservation Science ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Projection Mapping ◽  
Digital Database ◽  
3D Effects ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Bronze Mirrors

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study has developed an experiential exhibition system of scientific cultural heritage through interactive projection mapping. A bronze mirror with fine linear design was selected as an exhibition subject considering the intuitiveness and responsiveness of research and development results. First, three-dimensional (3D) scanning was performed to construct a digital database of the original forms, and computer graphics-based 3D modeling was also performed to build exhibition materials and 3D printed objects. Furthermore, objective scenarios were created based on a traditional science experience, understanding the present bronze mirror, and processes of restoring the corroded original bronze mirror through modern conservation science. The technique selected to implement the scientific content of bronze mirror as media art in this study is interactive projection mapping. Moreover, a large 3D printing of bronze mirror was installed at the center of the exhibition space to allow users and all viewers to concurrently engage in scientific cultural heritage content. Simultaneous projection mapping on the front and rear of the printed bronze mirror model enhanced 3D effects and the immersion of the content. To construct an interactive space connecting the virtual and reality, ore, mold, bronze mirror replicas, 3D printing outputs, and cultural products used in the process of producing bronze mirrors were exhibited to make the exhibit more intuitive for visitors. This interactive projection mapping-based scientific and cultural exhibition of the bronze mirror is an experiential exhibition system which combines traditional science, modern conservation science, and future exhibition technology.</p>

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