International Cooperation in Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 250-276
Author(s):  
Henk Jochemsen ◽  
Corné J. Rademaker
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Actual Realization

The development aid of affluent to poor countries is currently much debated. Though in the decades of aid many people have been helped to survive and improve their living conditions, the problem of severe poverty and injustice is far from solved. Three types of critique explain this failure to a large extent: first, the way in which the development assistance is provided, or not; second, the observation that motivational and informational problems frustrate the collective-actions that should lead to “development”; third, ideological critique that the cooperation is too much an extension of the predominant modernist, neoliberal economic, and financial system of our time. Analyzing development cooperation and assistance with the NPA leads to the identification of normative characteristics of this practice. If the actual realization of development cooperation and the larger institutional context of this professional practice would respect that normativity, the effectiveness and justice of the cooperation could significantly be improved.

scholarly journals Who Supports International Development Cooperation in Times of Crisis? Public Opinion in Rural Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Juan Gómez-Quintero ◽  
Pilar Gargallo Valero ◽  
Jesús Miguel Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Official Development Aid ◽  
The Town

The official development aid provided by donor countries does not solely depend on government decisions; it is also affected by trends in public opinion. This means that it is important to find out more about the opinions, views and attitudes of the citizens of donor countries. In spite of this, very few research studies have specifically analysed the opinions of people from rural areas. The aim of this research is to analyse the attitudes of the inhabitants of rural areas in northeast Spain to assess the degree of support for policies of international cooperation and development. To this end we carried out a survey of 403 people resident in small towns, selected using a stratified sampling process. We then conducted multivariate statistical techniques of the information we had gathered, in which we found that there were three types of individuals according to their level of interest, concern and action: aware but not actively involved, not interested and passive, and proactive with strong convictions. This research has shown that educational level, size of the town and age all influence the person’s interest in the problems affecting the rest of the world and their support for international cooperation.

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the CRC: Is There a Legal Obligation to Cooperate Internationally for Development?

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Vandenhole
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Human Rights Treaties

AbstractSeveral provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child contain references to international cooperation, sometimes in combination with a reference to the needs of developing countries. This article explores whether these references, in light of the interpretation given by the Committee on the Rights of the Child and of other human rights treaties which contain similar wording (in particular the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Disability Convention), amount to a legal obligation to cooperate internationally for development in the field of economic, social and cultural rights. While it is not possible to establish the existence of a legal obligation to provide development assistance in general – which would amount to an extraterritorial obligation to fulfil – legal obligations to respect and protect economic, social and cultural rights of children in third countries do apply. Moreover, the CRC Committee has clarified some specific obligations of fulfilment for donor countries, such as, amongst others, the allocation of 0,7 per cent of GDP to development assistance, and the adoption of a rights-based approach to development cooperation, in which children's rights are mainstreamed.

scholarly journals Orthopaedic Disorders in Cerebral Palsy in International Cooperation Projects: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7872
Author(s):  
Elisa Maria Garrido-Ardila ◽  
Berta Caro-Puertolas ◽  
Maria Jiménez-Palomares ◽  
Jesús Montanero-Fernández ◽  
Trinidad Rodríguez-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Background: In international cooperation projects that are carried out in less developed and developing countries, a large number of children with disabilities present cerebral palsy (CP). Orthopaedic disorders are frequent complications associated with this disorder. Their prevention and early intervention are essential to achieve an appropriate therapeutic approach for children with PC and to improve their quality of life. Objective: To describe the treatment approach that is currently used in international cooperation projects for the rehabilitation management of the orthopaedic disorders in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out by means of an online questionnaire to professionals in the field of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation working in international cooperation projects. The inclusion criteria were professionals working in the rehabilitation field in development aid, humanitarian action or emergency projects that provided rehabilitation services, working with children with cerebral palsy from 0 to 18 years old. Results: Ninety-eight questionnaires were analysed. The average age of the participants was 33.2 years, they were mainly working in development cooperation projects (83.33%) that were implemented in rehabilitation centres and through community-based rehabilitation services (60%). The projects were located in countries all over the world but mainly on the Asian continent (71.4%). Physiotherapists and orthopaedic technicians (72.22%) were the main professionals working in these projects, followed by occupational therapists and social workers (55.56%). The results indicated that the orthopaedic disorders were very frequent in the sample (66.67%), with hip subluxation (50%), scoliosis (77.78%), kyphosis (61.1%), clubfoot (88.7%) and varus foot (61.11%) standing out. The most commonly used treatment approaches were positioning (88.89%) and the Bobath concept (83.33%). The technical aids that were used by the professionals were ankle foot orthosis (AFO) (94.44%), bracing (66.67%), standing frames (83.33%), moulded seats (100%), corner seats (93.75%) and adapted seats (92.85%). Conclusions: In international cooperation projects, the rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy is based on a holistic approach. This is reflected in the interventions that are carried out to treat their orthopaedic disorders and in locally produced devices, awareness raising and community education. However, the professionals surveyed considered that the aids or orthoses used are insufficient in the treatment and prevention of orthopaedic disorders in cerebral palsy.

Assessing the Effectiveness of South Korea’s Development Assistance in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thanh Huong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Project Level

South Korea’s development assistance has become an important resource in facilitating Vietnam’s socio-economic development and contributed to infrastructure establishment, agricultural and rural development, as well as hunger eradication and poverty reduction in Vietnam over the past 25 years. By adopting indicators proposed in the Busan Partnership Agreement and OECD’s DAC criteria, desk study and in-depth interviews, the paper assessed the effectiveness of South Korea’s development aid in Vietnam at three levels: nation, donor and project level. The results show that at both national and donor levels, South Korea’s ODA in Vietnam is successful and effective in terms of aligning objectives of both sides, facilitating engagement of private sectors, supporting a forward-looking vision, providing public and up-to-date information, and applying effective international methods to monitor and evaluate ODA projects. At project level, the QCGH project of KOICA has proved to be relatively successful especially in terms of relevance and impacts. The paper also pointed out shortcomings of South Korea’s development at national and donor levels with a focus on disbursement of development aid, the use of Vietnam’s financial system, strictly binding conditions and limited inclusive cooperation between South Korea and Vietnam in assessing the effectiveness of South Korea’s development aid. At project level, the shortcomings lied mainly under efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability indicators. Based on evaluation of South Korean’s aid performance and effectiveness in Vietnam, the paper drew out some implications to strengthen South Korea’s development aid effectiveness in Vietnam in the future.   Keywords Aid effectiveness, Vietnam, South Korea, development aid, development assistance References   [1] Department of Planning and Investment of Quang Binh province, Report on ODA attraction, management and utilization and loans in the period 2011-2015 and orientation to attract ODA and loans for the period 2016-2020 of Quang Binh province, 2015. [2] EDCF 2015. EDCF Annual Report. Seoul: Economic Development Cooperation Report [3] JICA, New JICA Guidelines for Project Evaluation: First edition. Tokyo: Japan International Cooperation Agency, 2010.[4] KOICA. Ex-Post Evaluation on the Project for the Establishment of the Central General Hospital in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. Gyeonggi-do: KOICA, 2014.[5] KOICA, KOICA Annual Report 2016. Gyeonggi-do: KOICA, 2016.[6] Ministry of Strategy and Finance of South Korea and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Korea, 2014 Korea’s Official Development Assistance White Paper: Opening a New Era of Happiness for All Humanity, Seoul, Ministry of Strategy and Finance of South Korea, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Korea, 2014.[7] OECD, Evaluating Development Co-operation: Summary of key norms and standards, OECD, 2010.[8] OECD & UNDP, Making Development Cooperation More Effective : 2014 Progress Report, OECD Publishing, 2014.

TICAD: The Context of Japan’s Development Aids to Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
And Control

Most of the discourse on development aid in Africa has been limited to assistance from Western countries and those provided by competing capitalist and socialist blocs during the Cold war era. Japan, a nation with great economic and military capabilities; its development assistance for Africa is encapsulated in the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) initiative. The TICAD started in 1993 and Japan has so far held 5 TICAD meetings between 1993 and 2013 during which Africa’s development challenges and Japan’s development assistance to the continent were discussed. The emphasis on “ownership”, “self-help” and “partnership” are major peculiar characteristics of Japan’s development aid that puts the design, implementation and control of development projects under the control of recipient countries. This is a major departure from the usual practice in international development assistance where recipient countries are bound by clauses that somewhat puts the control of development aid in the hands of the granting countries. Such binding clauses have often been described as inimical to the successful administration of the aids and development in recipient countries. Though Japan’s development aid to Africa started only in 1993, by the 2000s, Japan was the topmost donor to Africa. This paper examines the context of Japan’s development aid to Africa by analyzing secondary data sourced from literature and secondary statistics.

MECANISMOS CONTRA LA CORRUPCIÓN Y PARA LA EFICIENCIA AL EFECTO DE LA COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Y AYUDA OFICIAL AL DESARROLLO: EL CASO ESPAÑOLPROCEDURES AGAINST CORRUPTION AND FOR EFFICIENCY IN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE: THE SPANISH CASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Garrido Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance

La corrupción es uno de los grandes problemas que amenazan el bienestar de la sociedad. En los últimos años, han sido conocidos múltiples y muy significativos casos de corrupción, tanto a nivel internacional como en España. El ámbito de la Cooperación Internacional y la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo, pese a la nobleza de su razón de ser, no escapa, sin embargo, al ataque de las prácticas corruptas. En este artículo, se emplean las metodologías de interacción de variables y análisis descriptivo y funcional para estudiar cómo afecta la corrupción a la Cooperación Internacional y la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo en España y analizar los mecanismos desarrollados para evitarla. Asimismo, se estudian una serie de prácticas, que sin ser jurídicamente corrupción, desnaturalizan el concepto, restan eficiencia y deben ser corregidas.

Governance of Development Assistance: Issues and Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-264
Author(s):  
Navreet Kaur ◽  
Lhoukhokai Sitlhou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Disaster Assistance ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Bilateral Assistance ◽  
Rich Countries

Good governance emphasises upon efficient and effective institutional mechanism, greater transparency, people’s participation, citizen-centric services and accountability. These reforms are not only limited to national governance practices but also applicable to distribution, disbursement and effectiveness of development assistance. The objective of development assistance is to provide opportunities to needy, deprived and disadvantageous sections of the society. The available data on development assistance clearly demonstrate that rich countries, Development Assistance Countries (DACs) provide financial assistance to poor countries and it has reached US$100 billion in recent years. Non-DAC bilateral assistance (NDBA) is more than US$8 billion in Office of Disaster Assistance (ODA) and US$5 billion annually in country programmable aid (CPA). Private aid (PrA) from DAC members contribute between US$58 billion and 68 billion per year. Total aid flows to developing countries currently amount to around US$180 billion annually. Multilateral aid agencies (around 230) outnumber donors and recipients combined. But the harsh reality is high percentage of illiteracy, high child mortality, gender inequality, prevalence of corruption and exclusion of needy people from the development process. The examination of the process and procedures involved in development process revealed that there are many challenges in the process adopted for allocation, methodological limitations, evaluation limitation, lack of coordination among multiple agencies, political compulsions of donor and recipient countries, transparency, accountability and multidimensional global financial markets compulsions. Certain measures can make development more inclusive and sustainable. Collective efforts of all agencies are the need of the hour to achieve the targets of sustainable development. Coordination among multiple agencies, capacity building of target population and involvement of private agencies in the development process will pave the way for sustainable development.

The Ethical Foundations of Aid

2018 ◽  
pp. 545-558
Author(s):  
Paul Collier
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Ethical Rationale ◽  
The Common

Despite its long history, aid for poor countries has never had a secure ethical rationale. “Poverty reduction” is inadequate: I show that people who are equally poor, but in countries with different circumstances, should not be equally eligible. I ground the rationale for aid in two psychologically instinctive duties of rescue: for humanitarian aid the rescue is from catastrophe, for development assistance it is from mass despair. I argue that the common practice of making aid conditional upon policy—whether economic, as developed by the International Financial Institutions, or social and environmental as required by NGOs—is both unethical and counterproductive. Instead, I develop the advantages and limitations of aid for mutual benefit.

scholarly journals Anthropology of development and the challenge of South-South cooperation

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 507-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Maria Costa da Nóbrega Cesarino
Keyword(s):  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Fieldwork Experience ◽  
Ethnographic Writing ◽  
Institutional Aspect ◽  
Anthropology Of Development

This article explores some of the challenges and potentials that the emerging phenomenon of South-South cooperation (SSC) might pose to major approaches in the international literature on the anthropology of development. Irrespective of particular politico-conceptual preferences, the latter's analytics have been largely crafted based on ethnographic work about development aid provided by Northern agencies or North-led multilateral organizations. Based on my own fieldwork experience with Brazil's contemporary provision of official technical cooperation in tropical agriculture to various countries in the African continent, I propose a discussion about four sets of themes: Foucauldian approaches to development based on notions of governmentality and discourse; the associated question of politics/depoliticization; the institutional aspect of development cooperation as a national and global industry and bureaucracy; and the question of ethnographic authority and the transit between what David Mosse has referred to as field (relations entertained with informants during fieldwork) and desk (relations entertained with academic peers during ethnographic writing).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document