Literature Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Knowledge Conversion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Sources Of Risks

In this chapter of the research work, the author tries to cover the literature review of KM and RM. The literature review will begin by classifying the basic concepts into its segments, which will be followed by the process of knowledge conversion. After that the concept of KM is highlighted, the domains techniques and categorization of KM will be discussed in depth. Also, the authors have carried out a thorough literature review regarding risk management (RM). This has been accomplished by the classification of different types of risks followed by the differentiation between risk and uncertainty. Finally, the last section describes sources of risks that affect the execution of IT projects.

NEURAL CLASSIFICATION OF MASS ABNORMALITIES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEATURES IN DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY

2006 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PANCHAL ◽  
B. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Test Dataset ◽  
Benchmark Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Mass Type

Early detection of breast abnormalities remains the primary prevention against breast cancer despite the advances in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Presence of mass in breast tissues is highly indicative of breast cancer. The research work presented in this paper investigates the significance of different types of features using proposed neural network based classification technique to classify mass type of breast abnormalities in digital mammograms into malignant and benign. 14 gray level based features, four BI-RADS features, patient age feature and subtlety value feature have been explored using the proposed research methodology to attain maximum classification on test dataset. The proposed research technique attained a 91% testing classification rate with a 100% training classification rate on digital mammograms taken from the DDSM benchmark database.

THE METHODOLOGICAL VALUE OF THE CLASSIFICATION IN THE COMPANY FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Fathulin ◽  
N. A. Fathulina ◽  
S. N. Basova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Financial Risk Management ◽  
Risk Management System

The complexity of understanding the nature of risks, as well as the diversity of their types and manifestations, including financial risks, requires the use of a methodological approach to their classification. Classification of financial risks is of particular importance in the company's activities in order to effectively manage them. The article analyzes the concepts of "risk" and "uncertainty", and provides risk classifications for various reasons. It is concluded that it is possible to control and manage risks through comprehensive accounting and, accordingly, prevention of various types of threats and uncertainties in the company's activities.

scholarly journals Passive prosthetic hands and tools: A literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartjan Maat ◽  
Gerwin Smit ◽  
Dick Plettenburg ◽  
Paul Breedveld
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
English Language ◽  
Boolean Combination ◽  
Prosthetic Hands ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Limb Deficiency

Background: The group of passive prostheses consists of prosthetic hands and prosthetic tools. These can either be static or adjustable. Limited research and development on passive prostheses has been performed although many people use these prosthesis types. Although some publications describe passive prostheses, no recent review of the peer-reviewed literature on passive prostheses is available. Objective: Review the peer-reviewed literature on passive prostheses for replacement of the hand. Study design: Literature review. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched using a Boolean combination of relevant keywords. English-language articles relevant to the objective were selected. Results: In all, 38 papers were included in the review. Publications on passive prosthetic hands describe their users, usage, functionality, and problems in activities of daily living. Publications on prosthetic tools mostly focus on sport, recreation, and vehicle driving. Conclusion: Passive hand prostheses receive little attention in prosthetic research and literature. Yet one out of three people with a limb deficiency uses this type of prosthesis. Literature indicates that passive prostheses can be improved on pulling and grasping functions. In the literature, ambiguous names are used for different types of passive prostheses. This causes confusion. We present a new and clear classification of passive prostheses. Clinical relevance This review provides information on the users of passive prosthetic hands and tools, their usage and the functionality. Passive prostheses receive very little attention and low appreciation in literature. Passive prosthetic hands and tools show to be useful to many unilateral amputees and should receive more attention and higher acceptance.

Study on IT Project Investment Risk Evaluation Based on ANP

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Sheng Liu ◽  
Hui Yan Ma ◽  
Li Lin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Project Investment ◽  
It Project ◽  
Risk Evaluation Model

This paper has studied the classification of investment risks in IT projects, and got 5 categories of investment risks, which can be subdivided into 14 kinds. Then established the IT project investment risk evaluation model based on ANP and made empirical analysis on it with Super Decision Software. The results we got offered a reference for IT project investment risk management.

scholarly journals 3D-semantic segmentation and classification of stomach infections using uncertainty aware deep neural networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaria Amin ◽  
Muhammad Sharif ◽  
Eman Gul ◽  
Ramesh Sunder Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Automated Technique ◽  
Wireless Capsule

AbstractWireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) might move through human body and captures the small bowel and captures the video and require the analysis of all frames of video due to which the diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections by the physician is a tedious task. This tiresome assignment has fuelled the researcher’s efforts to present an automated technique for gastrointestinal infections detection. The segmentation of stomach infections is a challenging task because the lesion region having low contrast and irregular shape and size. To handle this challenging task, in this research work a new deep semantic segmentation model is suggested for 3D-segmentation of the different types of stomach infections. In the segmentation model, deep labv3 is employed as a backbone of the ResNet-50 model. The model is trained with ground-masks and accurately performs pixel-wise classification in the testing phase. Similarity among the different types of stomach lesions accurate classification is a difficult task, which is addressed in this reported research by extracting deep features from global input images using a pre-trained ResNet-50 model. Furthermore, the latest advances in the estimation of uncertainty and model interpretability in the classification of different types of stomach infections is presented. The classification results estimate uncertainty related to the vital features in input and show how uncertainty and interpretability might be modeled in ResNet-50 for the classification of the different types of stomach infections. The proposed model achieved up to 90% prediction scores to authenticate the method performance.

Multicriteria Optimization in Structural Design: State of the Art

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhani Koski
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Pareto Optimality ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Work ◽  
General Description ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Made In

Abstract The purpose of this article is to give a general description of the research work made in the field of multicriteria structural optimization. More than eighty publications have been considered in this study where completed works rather than open questions in the field are particularly emphasized. The basic concepts, especially Pareto optimality, and the motivation of the multicriteria approach are briefly discussed. The classification of the multicriteria structural design process is proposed and it is used in describing the published applications.

scholarly journals Classification of Heart Arrhythmia in ECG Signals using PCA and SVM

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Public Database ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Heart Arrhythmia ◽  
Svm Algorithm ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pca Algorithm

Electro cardiogram (ECG) signals records the vital information about the condition of heart of an individual. In this paper, we are aiming at preparing a model for classification of different types of heart arrhythmia. The MIT-BIH public database for heart arrhythmia has been used in the case of study. There are basically thirteen types of heart arrhythmia. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm has been used to collect various important features of heart beats from an ECG signal. Then these features are trained and tested under Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to classify the thirteen classes of heart arrhythmia. In the paper the proposed algorithm has been discussed and the outcome results have been validated. The result shows that the accuracy of our classifier in our research work is more than 91% in most of the cases.

scholarly journals Risk identification in tunnel construction project: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-286
Author(s):  
Sihombing Mauretta ◽  
Humiras Purba ◽  
Aleksander Purba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Construction Work

Every construction project is always faced with the possibility of various occurrence kinds of risks. The higher the level of complexity of a project, the greater the level of risk that might happen to the project. Based on historical data from tunnel construction many problems and even failure of tunnel construction caused by various factors has been noted and it can have an impact on project delays. A risk management is expected to reduce the adverse impact of risks faced during construction work. Tunnel construction needs management handling with high risk, so it is necessary to identify risks that can minimize bad risks. A risk management is expected to reduce the adverse effects of risks faced in a construction work. It is necessary to perform risk identification to manage the risks that we will face. To successfully improve the performance of tunnel projects, we need to identify various risk factors in a project for efficient project fulfillment. The research method begins with an extensive literature review by reviewing at least 48 journal, journal papers, review articles to provide a list of the main risk factors which are also added to the expertise to achieve a list of final risk factors that contain all risks that may be encountered during road construction. This analysis involves the identification, classification of various risks involved in the construction of a tunnel construction project.

scholarly journals Illustrative presentation of some basic concepts of network internal reliability with comments as regards engineering surveys

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Witold Prószyński
Keyword(s):  
Outlier Detection ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Consistent System ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mathematical Formulas ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Outlier Tests

Abstract The paper integrates some earlier and the recent findings of the author in the area of network internal reliability and presents a consistent system of concepts in this respect. The concepts of outlier detection and outlier identification linked directly with the global model test and the outlier tests respectively, are shown as a basis for the concepts such as outlier detectability and outlier identifiability. Also, a four level classification of gross errors expressed in a form of a tree-diagram is presented including perceptible and imperceptible errors, detectable and undetectable errors and identifiable and unidentifiable errors. Their properties are given mainly in a descriptive way, deliberately limiting rigorous mathematical formulas to a necessary minimum. Understanding of different types of gross errors is useful in analyzing the results of the outlier detection and identification procedures as well as in designing the networks to make them duly robust to observation gross errors. It is of special importance for engineering surveys where quite often low-redundancy networks are used. Main objective of the paper is to demonstrate a clear and consistent system of basic concepts related to network internal reliability.

Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

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