Accountability and Information Technology Enactment

2010 ◽  
pp. 515-532
Author(s):  
Richard K. Ghere
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Virtual State ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Technology Enactment

This chapter focuses on the use of information technology (IT) in government and its possible impacton governance, particularly in terms of addressing the equity concerns of meeting the basic needs of regional subpopulations. In Building the Virtual State, Jane Fountain develops her theory of technology enactment (in essence, a variety of bureaucratic behaviors reacting to IT) and then applies that framework in three case studies in the book. This inquiry examines government IT enactment in various global settings to assess (1) where and how enactment occurs and (2) what, if any, effect enactment has upon governance in particular settings. The first section traces relationships between a nation’s IT development policy and that technology’s potential to promote equity in that society. The next two sections report (respectively) on the study and observations that emerge. A brief case study about the Gyandoot, an intranet system in rural India, examines the reality of e-government as a means to promote social equality. A concluding discussion reviews those observations as they relate to the human initiative in efforts to harness information technology to achieve public goals, especially those intended to improve social wellbeing in poor societies.

scholarly journals Processes for Ex-ante Evaluation of IT Projects - Case Studies in Brazilian Companies

10.28945/3025 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Jose Barbin Laurindo ◽  
Renato de Oliveira Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Evaluation Practices ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
It Applications ◽  
Special Information

In the highly competitive nowadays markets, many companies actions assume the project form. In special, Information Technology (IT) projects assume great importance, enabling the dynamic actions that organisations need (Porter, 2001; Tapscott, 2001). However, IT applications assume different roles, from operational support to strategic, according to companies’ strategies and operations, besides the peculiarities of the industry in which they compete (McFarlan, 1984; Porter & Millar, 1985). According to this role (appraised by McFarlan’s Strategic Grid), ex-ante evaluation practices for selecting IT projects to be implemented can vary (Jiang & Klein, 1999). The objective of this paper is to analyse practices for selecting IT projects in Brazilian companies classified in different quadrants of the Strategic Grid and to observe any differences in ex-ante evaluation practices among them. The adopted methodological approach was qualitative research, more specifically case study (Claver, Gonzalez & Llopis, 2000; Yin, 1991) performed in four companies.

scholarly journals Building Sustainable Contextual Ambidexterity through Routines: A Case Study from Information Technology Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10638
Author(s):  
Maria Gil-Marques ◽  
Maria D. Moreno-Luzon
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Exploitation And Exploration ◽  
Information Technology Firms ◽  
Customer Demands

The purpose of this paper is to explain the role that routines play in achieving sustainable organisational ambidexterity in information technology (IT) firms. Our exploratory analysis of four case studies reveals the key importance of routines in setting the context for sustainable ambidexterity. Companies build up contextual ambidexterity through routines derived from normalization of processes, normalization of skills, and normalization of results. The findings of the study show that routines support IT professionals to decide whether to exploit or explore in each particular case. Firstly, the enabling character of explicit routines as a result of the normalisation of work processes and the freedom that IT professionals have when implementing them, allows IT professionals to balance exploitation and exploration. Secondly, companies build up contextual ambidexterity through normalisation of skills. Hence, IT professionals develop embedded implicit routines as a result of training. Thirdly, the findings of the study reveal how routines are settled through the normalisation of results that orientates performance towards satisfying customer demands, as well as supporting professionals in their efforts to balance between exploitation and exploration which is necessary to achieve sustainable ambidexterity in IT firms.

Teaching Real-World Issues: Comparison of Written versus Annotated Still Image Case Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan S. Sankar ◽  
Scott W. Kramer ◽  
Kamal Hingorani
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Still Image ◽  
Project Site ◽  
Management Issues

A well-accepted method of bringing real-world issues to students is the use of case studies. This method was modified by bringing a manager to the classroom electronically using two picture phone systems. The project manager presented current issues from the project site with the help of still images. Students and the manager interacted using speakerphones. This article compares the effectiveness of the two methods, written case studies and information technology based case studies, for teaching project management issues. The effectiveness of both methods were evaluated based on the four constructs of useful, challenging, clear, and attractive. A survey instrument was administered at the end of each case study and the responses were analyzed. The information technology based method was found to be more useful, attractive and challenging than the written case studies. The students preferred the new method irrespective of their GPA or their work experience. Their written comments in addition to the statistical results suggest that this method exposed the students to important issues in project management.

Teaching Project Management through an Information Technology-Based Method

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Hingorani ◽  
Chetan S. Sankar ◽  
Scott W. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
New Information ◽  
Case Study Methods

New information technology-based teaching methods are essential to bring the issues faced by a project manager to the classrooms electronically. This paper describes implementation of a method to achieve this objective and compares its learning effectiveness with lectures and written case study methods. The major findings were that the information technology-based method was more effective compared to written case studies and lectures in developing higher-level cognitive skills and triggering interest in learning about project management. This research shows that information technology-based methods need to be deployed in order to impart higher-level cognitive skills to potential project managers.

Addressing the challenges of e-Government: learning from the IT industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Nath ◽  
Debjani Kanjilal
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Web

Purpose This study aims to identify the challenges in current government organizations while providing services that require a collaborative effort. It also identifies the ways through which government organizations can address the collaboration challenges in ways such as those adopted by leading information technology organizations. Finally, this research also aims to identify the obstacles in government organizations, which could prevent them from successfully adopting new technologies. Design/methodology/approach The research was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, a case study was conducted on a government organization identifying the challenges in delivering services that require collaboration among different stake holders. In the second phase, multiple case studies were performed on three leading organizations who have successfully implemented the Web 2.0 technologies to address collaboration challenges while providing efficient service deliveries. In the third phase of the research, a case study was conducted on a government organization to identify the obstacles faced while implementing the identified solution(s). Findings Identification of existing problems while providing efficient service deliveries was possible using a case study approach. This research also finds that Web 2.0-based knowledge management tools can be very effective in addressing the existing challenges in the current state of e-Government. Finally, the research also finds that realization by the upper management, technology adoption cost, adoption of new work paradigm and time to create an effective repository are some of the major obstacles faced by the government organization while trying to adopt the proposed solution. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to conduct rigorous case studies on three different leading information technology organizations simultaneously to address a challenge in the current state of e-Government. This research also provides implications for practitioners as, based on the findings, they can implement the Web 2.0 technologies to address challenges in government organizations while providing efficient service deliveries. Furthermore, the research provides implications for further research to analyze the performance of the government organizations after they adopt these technologies.

Patientenbezogene Komplexität in der Pflege – Kollektive Case Studies im Akutspital

Pflege ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gurtner ◽  
Rebecca Spirig ◽  
Diana Staudacher ◽  
Evelyn Huber
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Study Designs

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die patientenbezogene Komplexität der Pflege ist durch die Merkmale „Instabilität“, „Unsicherheit“ und „Variabilität“ definiert. Aufgrund der reduzierten Aufenthaltsdauer und der steigenden Zahl chronisch und mehrfach erkrankter Personen erhöht sich die Komplexität der Pflege. Ziel: In dieser Studie untersuchten wir das Phänomen patientenbezogener Komplexität aus Sicht von Pflegefachpersonen und Pflegeexpertinnen im Akutspital. Methode: Im Rahmen eines kollektiven Case-Study-Designs schätzten Pflegefachpersonen und Pflegeexpertinnen die Komplexität von Pflegesituationen mit einem Fragebogen ein. Danach befragten wir sie in Einzelinterviews zu ihrer Einschätzung. Mittels Within-Case-Analyse verdichteten wir die Daten induktiv zu Fallgeschichten. In der Cross-Case-Analyse verglichen wir die Fallgeschichten hinsichtlich deduktiv abgeleiteter Merkmale. Ergebnisse: Die Ausprägung der Komplexität hing in den vier Cases im Wesentlichen davon ab, ob klinische Probleme kontrollierbar und prognostizierbar waren. Je nach individuellen Ressourcen der Patientinnen und Patienten stieg bzw. sank die Komplexität. Schlussfolgerungen: Komplexe Patientensituationen fordern von Pflegefachpersonen Fachwissen, Erfahrung, kommunikative Kompetenzen sowie die Fähigkeit zur Reflexion. Berufsanfänger und Berufsanfängerinnen werden zur Entwicklung dieser Fähigkeiten idealerweise durch erfahrene Berufskolleginnen oder -kollegen unterstützt und beraten.

SenCity – Evaluating Users’ Experiences of Intelligent Lighting for Well-Being in Smart Cities

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Henrika Pihlajaniemi ◽  
Anna Luusua ◽  
Eveliina Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
System Data

This paper presents the evaluation of usersХ experiences in three intelligent lighting pilots in Finland. Two of the case studies are related to the use of intelligent lighting in different kinds of traffic areas, having emphasis on aspects of visibility, traffic and movement safety, and sense of security. The last case study presents a more complex view to the experience of intelligent lighting in smart city contexts. The evaluation methods, tailored to each pilot context, include questionnaires, an urban dashboard, in-situ interviews and observations, evaluation probes, and system data analyses. The applicability of the selected and tested methods is discussed reflecting the process and achieved results.

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