Outcomes Research in Hydrocephalus Treatment

2010 ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Damien Wilburn
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
National Inpatient Sample ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Hydrocephalus Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain

Hydrocephalus is a disorder where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is unable to drain efficiently from the brain. This paper presents a set of exploratory analyses comparing attributes of inpatients under one-year old diagnosed with hydrocephalus provided by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) as part of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). The general methods include calculation of summary statistics, kernel density estimation, logistic regression, linear regression, and the production of figures and charts using the statistical data modeling software, SAS. It was determined that younger infants show higher mortality rates; additionally, males are more likely to present hydrocephalus and cost slightly more on average than females despite the distribution curves for length of stay appearing virtually identical between genders. Diagnoses and procedures expected for non-hydrocephalic infants showed a negative correlation in the logistic model. The study overall validates much of the literature and expands it with a cost analysis approach.

CHA2DS2-VASc score in acute coronary syndrome

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Santos ◽  
M Santos ◽  
I Almeida ◽  
H Miranda ◽  
C Sa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
One Year

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf Portuguese Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes Background Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are common and several scores were proposed to identify high-risk patients that presented worse prognosis in short and long-term follow up. CHA2DS2-VASc score is the score used to decide the initiation of anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. It is an easy and convenient score, used by physicians in clinical practice, which is helpful to apply in ACS predicting the high-risk patients. Objective CHA2DS2-VASc score as a prognosis method in ACS. Methods Multicenter retrospective study, based on the Portuguese Registry of ACS between 1/10/2010-4/09/2019. CHA2DS2-VASc test as a predictor of AF with a receiver operating characteristic curve. Logistic regression to access if the score was a predictor of AF. According with a punctuation of CHA2DS2-VASc as 0, 1 and ≥2, was performed a Kaplan-Meier test to establish the survival rates and cardiovascular admission at one year of follow-up. Results 25271 patients had ACS, 1023 patients (4.2%) presented de novo AF. CHA2DS2-VASc score was a median predictor of de novo AF (Area Under Curve: 0.642, confidence interval (CI) 0.625-0.659), with a 66.7% sensibility and 55.1% specificity. Logistic regression revealed that the CHA2DS2-VASc score was a predictor of de novo AF in ACS (odds ratio (OR) 2.07, p < 0.001, CI 1.74-2.47). Mortality rates at one year of follow-up, even showing higher mortality rates associated with higher CHA2DS2-VASc punctuation, do not revealed to be significant, p = 0.099. On the other hand, the score exhibited a significant value, p = 0.050, for re-admission for all causes, according to the classification as 0, 1 or ≥2. Regarding re-admission for cardiovascular causes at one year of follow-up was associated with the score classification, with a Kaplan-Meier test of p = 0.011. Conclusions CHA2DS2-VASc score was a predictor of de novo AF in ACS and can be used as a prognostic method for all causes of re-admission and, in special, for cardiovascular cause of re-admission.

Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction: Defining the Epidemiology, Treatment, and Adverse Outcomes of Ogilvie's Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Ross ◽  
Bindhu Oommen ◽  
Blair A. Wormer ◽  
Amanda L. Walters ◽  
Vedra A. Augenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Medical Complication ◽  
National Inpatient Sample ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Procedural Complication ◽  
Procedural Complications

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is a rare but often fatal disease. Herein, we present the largest study to date on ACPO. The National Inpatient Sample was queried for ACPO diagnoses from 1998 to 2011. Patients were analyzed by treatment into four groups: medical management (MM), colonoscopy alone [(endoscopy-only group) ENDO], surgery alone (SURG), or surgery and colonoscopy (SAC). Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of adverse outcomes by treatment group. There were 106,784 cases of ACPO: 96,657 (90.5%) MM, 2,915 (2.7%) ENDO, 6,731 (6.3%) SURG, and 481 (0.5%) SAC. The medical complication (45.7%), procedural complication (15.9%), and mortality rates (7.7%) were high. Increasing procedure invasiveness was independently associated with higher odds of medical complications, procedural complications, and death ( P < 0.0125). The odds of death were significantly higher in the ENDO [odds ratio (OR) = 1.2], SURG (OR 1.4), and SAC (OR = 1.8) groups ( P < 0.0125). Those who fail MM and require procedures have increasing morbidity and mortality with increasing invasiveness, likely reflecting the severity of their conditions.

scholarly journals LOGISTICS REGRESSION MODELING ON INFANT MORTALITY RATES IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Lazuwardi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Birth Factors ◽  
One Year

Infant Mortality Rate was death that occurs between the time after the baby was born until the baby not exactly one year old. Broadly speaked, from the side of the caused of infant mortality there are two kinds of endogenous infant death and exogenous infant mortality. Estimated about 8.8 million children whose age less than 5 years passed away. Based on previous data IDHs indicated that infant mortality has fallen by half, from 68 deaths per 1,000 live births for the 1987-1991 period to 32 deaths per 1,000 births for the 2008-2012 period. The purposed of this researched was to examine which factor most dominant influenced on infant mortality in East Java Province.This research used secondary data with a large sample of total population that consists of parents whose children (infants) died at the age <12 months. Variables in this study was infant mortality (IMR), Occupation, Education, Parity, Age of the mother during pregnancy. Access to antenatal care, Birth delivery helpers, and LBW. Inter-variables in this study tested its effect using logistic regression test. The conclusion of this study was infant mortality rated in East Java there 34 infant mortality per 1000 live birth. Factors affecting infant mortality rates was education and parity. Factors were not influenced in infant mortality such as Antenatal Care, Relief, LBW and Employment.Keywords: Baby Birth Mortality and Logistic Regression

Perceived Effectiveness of Random Testing for Alcohol and Drugs in the Australian Aviation Community

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Christina M. Rudin-Brown ◽  
Eve Mitsopoulos-Rubens ◽  
Michael G. Lenné
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Random Testing ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Random testing for alcohol and other drugs (AODs) in individuals who perform safety-sensitive activities as part of their aviation role was introduced in Australia in April 2009. One year later, an online survey (N = 2,226) was conducted to investigate attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge regarding random testing and to gauge perceptions regarding its effectiveness. Private, recreational, and student pilots were less likely than industry personnel to report being aware of the requirement (86.5% versus 97.1%), to have undergone testing (76.5% versus 96.1%), and to know of others who had undergone testing (39.9% versus 84.3%), and they had more positive attitudes toward random testing than industry personnel. However, logistic regression analyses indicated that random testing is more effective at deterring AOD use among industry personnel.

Fibrinolytic Activity of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid and the Development of Artificial Cerebral Haematomas in Dogs

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 294-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Mihara ◽  
T Fujii ◽  
S Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Trans Form ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
The Brain

SummaryBlood was injected into the brains of dogs to produce artificial haematomas, and paraffin injected to produce intracerebral paraffin masses. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood samples were withdrawn at regular intervals and their fibrinolytic activities estimated by the fibrin plate method. Trans-form aminomethylcyclohexane-carboxylic acid (t-AMCHA) was administered to some individuals. Genera] relationships were found between changes in CSF fibrinolytic activity, area of tissue damage and survival time. t-AMCHA was clearly beneficial to those animals given a programme of administration. Tissue activator was extracted from the brain tissue after death or sacrifice for haematoma examination. The possible role of tissue activator in relation to haematoma development, and clinical implications of the results, are discussed.

One-Year Morbidity and Mortality Rates Associated with Clipping Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khodayar Goshtasbi ◽  
Ronald Sahyouni ◽  
Alice Wang ◽  
Edward Choi ◽  
Gilbert Cadena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
One Year

Vasopressin enhances the clearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from rat cerebrospinal fluid

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. J. Sweep ◽  
Margreet D. Boomkamp ◽  
István Barna ◽  
A. Willeke Logtenberg ◽  
Victor M. Wiegant
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Injection ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Administration ◽  
Biphasic Pattern ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The effect of intracerebroventricular (lateral ventricle) administration of arginine8-vasopressin (AVP) on the concentration of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid obtained from the cisterna magna was studied in rats. A decrease was observed 5 min following injection of 0.9 fmol AVP. No statistically significant changes were found 5 min after intracerebroventricular treatment of rats with 0.09 or 9 fmol. The decrease induced by 0.9 fmol AVP was of short duration and was found 5 min after treatment but not 10 and 20 min. Desglycinamide9-AVP (0.97 fmol), [pGlu4, Cyt6]-AVP-(4–9) (1.44 fmol), Nα-acetyl-AVP (0.88 fmol), lysine8-vasopressin (0.94 fmol) and oxytocin (1 fmol) when intracerebroventricularly injected did not affect the levels of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid 5 min later. This suggests that the intact AVP-(1–9) molecule is required for this effect. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment of rats with the vasopressin V1-receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP (8.63 fmol) completely blocked the effect of AVP (0.9 fmol). In order to investigate further the underlying mechanism, the effect of AVP on the disappearance from the cerebrospinal fluid of exogenously applied β-endorphin was determined. Following intracerebroventricular injection of 1.46 pmol camel β-endorphin-(1–31), the β-endorphin immunoreactivity levels in the cisternal cerebrospinal fluid increased rapidly, and reached peak values at 10 min. The disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid then followed a biphasic pattern with calculated half-lifes of 28 and 131 min for the initial and the terminal phase, respectively. Treatment of rats with AVP (0.9 fmol; icv) during either phase (10, 30, 55 min following intracerebroventricular administration of 1.46 pmol β-endorphin-(1–31)) significantly enhanced the disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid. The data suggest that vasopressin plays a role in the regulation of β-endorphin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid by modulating clearance mechanisms via V1-receptors in the brain.

1497-P: Secular Trends in Incidence and One-Year Mortality Rates of Lower Extremity Amputation in People with Diabetes in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2016

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1497-P
Author(s):  
HONGJIANG WU ◽  
AIMIN YANG ◽  
ERIC S. LAU ◽  
RONALD C. MA ◽  
ALICE P. KONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Lower Extremity Amputation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Extremity Amputation

High Risk of One-year Stroke Recurrence in Patients with Younger Age and Prior History of Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiann-Der Lee ◽  
Ya-Han Hu ◽  
Meng Lee ◽  
Yen-Chu Huang ◽  
Ya-Wen Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background and Purpose: Recurrent ischemic strokes increase the risk of disability and mortality. The role of conventional risk factors in recurrent strokes may change due to increased awareness of prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to explore the potential risk factors besides conventional ones which may help to affect the advances in future preventive concepts associated with one-year stroke recurrence (OSR). Methods: We analyzed 6,632 adult patients with ischemic stroke. Differences in clinical characteristics between patients with and without OSR were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses. Results: Among the study population, 525 patients (7.9%) had OSR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (OR 1.243, 95% CI 1.025 – 1.506), age (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.007 - 1.023), and a prior history of ischemic stroke (OR 1.331, 95% CI 1.096 – 1.615) were major factors associated with OSR. CART analysis further identified age and a prior history of ischemic stroke were important factors for OSR when classified the patients into three subgroups (with risks of OSR of 8.8%, 3.8%, and 12.5% for patients aged > 57.5 years, ≤ 57.5 years/with no prior history of ischemic stroke, and ≤ 57.5 years/with a prior history of ischemic stroke, respectively). Conclusions: Male sex, age, and a prior history of ischemic stroke could increase the risk of OSR by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and CART analysis further demonstrated that patients with a younger age (≤ 57.5 years) and a prior history of ischemic stroke had the highest risk of OSR.

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