Outdoor Solutions for the Seasonal Concentration of Tourism Demand in Northern Portugal

2020 ◽  
pp. 364-379
Author(s):  
Paula Odete Fernandes ◽  
Alcina Maria Nunes ◽  
Cláudia Miranda Veloso ◽  
Eleonora Santos ◽  
Fernanda A. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gini Index ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Northern Portugal ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Development Analysis ◽  
Tourism Flows ◽  
Overnight Stays

Measures that address the seasonality, one of the identified overtourism direct causes, allow making a critical reflection on the application of control policies and monitoring regional measures crucial on a sector with such importance at the regional development analysis. The measures should stimulate or reduce tourism demand during low or peak seasons, respectively, generating a better distribution of tourism flows and eliminating potential overtourism situations. Therefore, this chapter focuses on the development of a Gini Index to analyse the distribution of the seasonality in northern Portugal and through it control current public measures in practice and suggest the implementation of different and more effective policy measures. For instance, the ones that make a clear bet on outdoor tourism activities. It will be used in the Gini Index, by the tourists' market of origin measured by the overnight stays in hotel establishments. The results showed the high seasonal concentration of tourist flows.

Patterns of seasonality and tourism demand forecasting

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Serena Vergori
Keyword(s):  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Flows ◽  
Overnight Stays

Seasonality is a phenomenon that affects the vast majority of tourist destinations. The negative aspects of seasonality have been widely discussed from economic, social and environmental points of view. On the contrary, the unreliability of tourism demand forecasts is rarely listed among the negative effects of seasonality. This is despite the importance of the quality of forecasts for the planning of economic activities. This article evaluates the impact of different patterns of seasonality on tourism demand forecasting in the light of different volume of tourism flows. With this aim in mind, the monthly tourist overnight stays in four European countries – namely Austria, Finland, Portugal and Netherlands – are analysed for the period January 1990–December 2014. Data show both one-peak and two-peak seasonality. Results highlight that the stronger seasonality is, the less reliable forecasts are.

The Dragon Turns around and the Elephant Moves Forward: Inequality in China and India under Globalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-261
Author(s):  
K. J. Joseph ◽  
Liyan Zhang ◽  
Kiran Kumar Kakarlapudi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
China And India ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Employment Generation

This article tends to suggest that the strategy of embracing globalization has been helpful in raising GDP growth in China and India. The higher growth record also coincided with increasing income inequality, wealth inequality and regional inequality. While China seems to have made some success in making a turnaround in inequality, in India inequalities are on the rise. The present study attributes the observed trend to the nature of structural change and the resultant employment generation in terms of both its quantity and its quality. FDI and trade under globalization also worked towards increasing inequalities. The key issue is why globalization as implemented in India failed to generate employment unlike what happened in China. India seems to have been not adequately successful in globalizing at ‘our terms and at our own pace’, whereas China has been able to successfully manage its transition to the global market, which in turn, at least partly, explains the observed differences in the trend in growth and inequality in these two countries. At the same time, while there have been targeted and effective policy measures in China to address inequalities, in India, such policies are yet to show up their results.

Assessing the determinants of local tourism demand

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Zamparini ◽  
Anna Serena Vergori ◽  
Serena Arima
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Simultaneous Equations Model ◽  
Overnight Stays

Traditional analysis of tourism demand has been mainly based on the consideration of economic variables aiming at explaining the evolution of either tourists’ expenditure or overnight stays or arrivals. This study is based on a collection of both economic variables and non-economic factors surveyed since 1998–2013 for 99 Italian NUTS3 (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) regions (provinces). It is the first study in which such a wide array of non-economic and economic variables has been investigated for a panel data at this geographical level by using a simultaneous equations model. The analysis shows that all considered variables are significant for the evolution of tourism demand and that climate, tourism supply and entrepreneurial capabilities have the largest impacts.

scholarly journals Modeling and Forecasting Regional Tourism Demand Using the Bayesian Global Vector Autoregressive (BGVAR) Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. George Assaf ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Haiyan Song ◽  
Mike G. Tsionas
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Modeling And Forecasting ◽  
Global Vector

Increasing levels of global and regional integration have led to tourist flows between countries becoming closely linked. These links should be considered when modeling and forecasting international tourism demand within a region. This study introduces a comprehensive and accurate systematic approach to tourism demand analysis, based on a Bayesian global vector autoregressive (BGVAR) model. An empirical study of international tourist flows in nine countries in Southeast Asia demonstrates the ability of the BGVAR model to capture the spillover effects of international tourism demand in this region. The study provides clear evidence that the BGVAR model consistently outperforms three other alternative VAR model versions throughout one- to four-quarters-ahead forecasting horizons. The potential of the BGVAR model in future applications is demonstrated by its superiority in both modeling and forecasting tourism demand.

Rural Tourism Demand in Galicia, Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel Martínez Roget ◽  
Xosé A. Rodríguez González
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Overnight Stays

This paper is a study of rural tourism demand in Galicia by means of panel data. The dependent variable used is the number of overnight stays. Empirical results suggest that the number of overnight stays in rural tourism establishments depends basically on economic determinants, such as the price of services in rural tourism establishments, the extent of transport (travel) costs and the economic cycle (tourists' income). The income variable exhibits the highest elasticity. Besides the influence of economic determinants, rural tourism demand depends mainly on the reputation (prestige) and peculiarities of each establishment. In light of these results, conclusions are drawn and policy implications are discussed.

Linking tourism flows and biological biodiversity in Small Island Developing States (SIDS): evidence from panel data

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja S. Teelucksingh ◽  
Patrick K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Demand Function ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Endogenous Covariates ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Tourism Flows

AbstractSmall Island Developing States (SIDS) are characterized by high levels of biodiversity that are under threat. Simultaneously, the tourism sector plays a key role in many of these economies. In this paper, the Hausman-Taylor estimator is used to investigate a tourism demand function in SIDS in which marine and terrestrial biodiversity play a key role, in addition to the traditional economic and price variables. This estimator allows for both the presence of time-invariant variables, a standard feature of environmental data, and the existence of endogenous covariates. Levels of biodiversity are found to have a significant influence on tourism in SIDS and, in particular, a test for redundant variables shows that the biodiversity variables are jointly significant. This justifies their inclusion in a tourism demand function, over and above the conventional economic factors, and points to the importance of national and international policy in protecting the biodiversity of SIDS.

scholarly journals Discourse of Pakistan's Identity under Strand of Liberal Citizenship: A Case Study of Musharraf Education Policy Reforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Shafique Qurban ◽  
Husnul Amin ◽  
Maryam Siddiqa
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Liberal Citizenship

Keeping in view the political shifts in the wake of 9/11 incident, new social and political trends/concepts have emerged which affected the nations across the world particularly the Muslim world, wherein a wave of extremism and conservatism was seen to be set in. In consequence, Pakistan embarked upon to make reforms in the curriculum to avoid that wave. Accordingly, Musharraf government has adopted education reform under the banner of enlightened moderation and introduced curriculum to construct Pakistani nationalism in the context of liberal citizenship to curtail the issues like extremism and conservatism spread under the slogan of Islamization. This study pinpoints the overall impact of Musharraf policy changes upon curriculum and its role in the construction of liberal citizenship. This study uses secondary data in the shape of policy texts and curriculum of social studies. This study uses discourse analysis to analyse policy text and curriculum. The findings of the study have pointed out that the government has introduced modern contents such as life skills and scientific knowledge to tackle prevailing issues by removing biased and outdated contents from existing curricula. This study has recommended that effective policy measures to construct liberal citizenship should only be realized with effective implementation.

Tourism and valorisation of cultural heritage: The case of the Castle of Lanhoso

Tékhne ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
António Cerdeiras ◽  
Bruno Pinheiro ◽  
Laurentina Vareiro ◽  
Raquel Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Northern Portugal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Given the relationship of sustainability and mutual benefits that tourism and cultural heritage can and should establish, the present study aims to reflect on the importance of the development of creative activities in the Castle of Lanhoso, in the municipality of Póvoa de Lanhoso (in northern Portugal), as a form of promotion and tourism valorisation of this heritage classified as National Monument. In this context, the study intends to stimulate and streamline the processes of monetization and preservation of the Castle of Lanhoso, making it suitable for sustainable tourism economic activity with the purpose of improving the living conditions of the population, generating employment and revenues, increasing tourism demand, promoting and preserving the identity and the local cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Analysis of Foreign Tourism Demand for Croatian Destinations: Long-Run Elasticity Estimates

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mervar ◽  
James E. Payne
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ardl Approach ◽  
Foreign Tourism ◽  
Overnight Stays

Given that tourism is a significant source of export revenues for Croatia, it is vital for policymakers to understand the factors affecting foreign tourism demand for Croatian destinations. This study provides long-run elasticity estimates associated with aggregate foreign tourism demand for Croatian destinations in the period 1994:1-2004:4 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. Foreign tourism demand is proxied by the aggregate number of foreign overnight stays in Croatia. The long-run elasticity estimates indicate that tourism demand is positive and highly elastic with respect to the income of tourist-generating countries. Moreover, tourism demand was adversely affected by the political conflicts in the 1990s. The real exchange rate and transportation costs are not statistically significant determinants of foreign tourism demand.

Shifting tourism flows in a changing climate: policy implications for the Caribbean

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Tourism Flows

Purpose – Population growth, climate change, shortages of oil and other resources will have dramatic implication on where, when and how tourists travel in the future. This will also reshape the tourism industry for the future. Knowing what will happen in the future has always fascinated mankind from time immemorial. However, forecasting and predictions require not only a systematic approach to development but also an imagination and the ability to think and see beyond the ordinary. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to underscore the projected northward shift in tourism demand due to the global impacts of climate change and the lack of policy attention. Design/methodology/approach – A rapid assessment of the literature was conducted to explore tourism flows to the Caribbean in a changing climate and recommendations for adaptation. Findings – Tourism demand from major markets such as Europe and North America may be reduced significantly as tourists travel to other destinations, which are closer to home and have a more favourable climate. Regulation of carbon emissions from long haul flights will also influence demand substitution. Despite this projection, current policies in the Caribbean promote further development of the climate sensitive 3S model without anticipating a possible decrease in demand in the future. Research limitations/implications – Research implications include a recalibration of tourism policy and diversification of Caribbean tourism and economies. Originality/value – Recommendations are outlined for a critical issue that is not on the policy agenda.

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