An Overview of IoT Infrastructure Architecture, Enabling Technologies, Issues, Integration of Cloud, and Simulation Tools

2022 ◽  
pp. 20-38
Author(s):  
Mobasshir Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Enabling Technologies

Many critical studies and research were carried out to improve the technologies of IoT. Nevertheless, several challenges need to be solved to determine the maximum value of IoT. These problems and concerns will be approached from specific IoT perspectives, such as applications, enabling technologies, issues, and so on. The key purpose of this work is to explore IoT technology in terms of technical and social aspects. The work discusses various challenges and major issues of IoT including detailed architecture and applications. The research further summarizes the recent literature of various areas of IoT and explains their importance. Moreover, the importance of integration of cloud in IoT infrastructure has been discussed. The research also mentioned and described various simulation tools through which the characteristics of the IoT environment can be analyzed empirically. This work lets the readers and the researchers grasp the IoT and its real-life applicability.

Testbed Implementation of a Pollution Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network for the Protection of Public Spaces

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siuli Roy ◽  
Anurag D ◽  
Somprakash Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Consumption Rates

Air pollution is an important environmental issue that has a direct effect on human health and ecological balance. Factories, power plants, vehicles, windblown dust and wildfires are some of the contributors of to pollution. Reasonable simulation tools exist for evaluating large scale sensor networks, ; however, they fail to capture significant details of node operation or practical aspects of wireless communication. Real life testbeds, capture the realism and bring out important aspects for further research. In this paper, we present an implementation of a wireless sensor network testbed for automatic and real-time monitoring of environmental pollution for the protection of public spaces. The paper describes the physical setup, the sensor node hardware and software architecture for “anytime, anywhere” monitoring and management of pollution data through a single, Web-based graphical user interface. The paper presents practical issues in the integration of sensors, actual power consumption rates and develops a practical hierarchical routing methodology.

Teaching Creativity

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Keith Simonton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Creative Thought ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nature Vs Nurture

In the past decade, the psychological study of creativity has accelerated greatly. To facilitate the teaching of creativity, I provide an overview of the recent literature. The overview begins by discussing recent empirical results and research trends. This discussion specifically treats creativity’s cognitive, differential, developmental, and social aspects. Then I outline central controversies in the study of creativity. These debates concern the nature of creative thought (domain-specific vs. generic processes), creative development (nature vs. nurture), and creative persons (psychopathology vs. mental health). The article closes by asking not just how to teach creativity but also how to teach creativity creatively.

The Research of Virtualization Emulator Based on Open Shortest Path First

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 729-732
Author(s):  
An Hong Tian ◽  
Cheng Biao Fu
Keyword(s):  
Shortest Path ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Network Equipment ◽  
Packet Tracer ◽  
Computer Professional

Computer network is one of the compulsory course for computer professional students, but students are boring for abstract network concepts, in order to improve the innovation of students, a virtual simulation tools named Packet Tracer is introduced into the classroom teaching, which can provide network simulation environment as real life with enough network equipment. This paper presents the configuration example of Open Shortest Path Firs Protocol, and proves the network connectivity simulation results, this is an efficient method for teaching and learning by visual emulator.

Validation of Shiphandling Simulation Models

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor E. Berg ◽  
Edvard Ringen
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Benchmark Study ◽  
Actual Application

This paper describes the need for improved methods for validating numerical models used in shiphandling simulators. Such models vary in complexity, from rather simplistic models used for initial shiphandling training at maritime training centers to high-quality models used in the study of advanced marine operations. High-quality simulation models are also used in investigations of maritime accidents such as collisions and groundings. The SIMMAN 2008 conference presented the results of benchmarking studies of simulation tools currently used by research institutes, universities and training centers around the world. Many of these tools employ models based on numerical calculations using methods based on potential or viscous fluid flow, experiments using scale ship models (free running or captive) or semi empirical expressions based on regression analysis of previous model tests. The organizers of SIMMAN 2008 made the hull characteristics of certain ship types available for a comparative study of simulation maneuvering models. The outcome of the benchmark study (using IMO standard maneuvers as case study maneuvers) showed that simulated results varied significantly. In the opinion of the authors, there is an urgent need for new validation studies. The first part of this paper discusses the concepts of simulation model fidelity, verification and validation and the present guidelines issued by ITTC for validation of maneuvering simulation models. The second part looks at the outcomes of the SIMMAN 2008 conference and describes MARINTEK’s contribution to the benchmark study. The use of real-world measurements in model validation is briefly discussed. The need for registration of actual test conditions, as well as the types of tests that should be included in a test scheme, are presented. Finally, the authors discuss validation requirements with respect to the actual application of the selected simulation model as an engineering tool that can be transferred to training simulators used by maritime training centers. It is assumed that simplified simulation models may reduce the quality of simulator based training for ship officers. It is believed that increased quality of simulator model will improve the transfer of training from simulators to real life operations and remove some of the uncertainties related to investigation of maritime accidents.

scholarly journals Solving Real-Life Problem Using Transportation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4284-4287
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Transportation Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Real Life Problem

Herewith a methodology is proposed towards obtaining optimum level as solution for the real-life problem using Transportation. This paper is composed for a travel agency company to get maximum profit and also to minimize the transportation cost. In the proposed method maximum value is marked both in row-wise and column-wise for maximization type and minimum valueis marked both in row-wise and column-wise for minimization type and the greatest maximum value is given allocation. Here a New algorithm is used to solve the transportation model to make maximum profit for the Company. This method gives the optimal solution in less iteration.

Effets de la vinblastine sur la morphogenèse du pied de l'embryon de poulet. Aspects histologiques

Development ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-632
Author(s):  
Par Madeleine Kieny
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Amniotic Cavity ◽  
Marginal Sinus ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Maximum Value

Vinblastine was injected into the amniotic cavity of 6·5-day-old chick embryos. Acropods were fixed 0, 2, 3·5, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h after treatment and 1 µm thick sections were prepared from the region of digit IV and interdigit III–IV. Cell counts were mainly performed in a distal zone (see Fig. 2) comprising the ectodermal apical ridge, the distal non-ridge ectoderm and the distal underlying mesoderm. In control non-treated embryos, the mitotic index does not vary significantly in either of the three tissues between 6·5 and 8 days except for a temporary increase at 7 days in the mesoderm. In treated embryos, the mitotic index increases rapidly in the non-ridge ectoderm and in the mesoderm to a maximum of 44 and 35% respectively, 18 h after injection, after which it decreases almost as rapidly to a level of about 15 % 36 h after injection. In the apical ridge ectoderm, the increase of the mitotic index is much slower and reaches its maximum value of about 30 % only 36 h after injection. This suggests that most of the cells participating in the AER do not arise within the ridge but are generated in more proximal zones of the ectoderm. Due to mitotic arrest, the number of mesodermal cells is thus decreased to approximately half the normal value within 36 h and the AER disappears earlier than normal. These alterations are the direct cause of the hypophalangy observed at the morphological level. A particular distribution pattern of arrested mitoses is revealed: in the digital as well as in the interdigital mesoderm, the majority of blocked metaphases is located in a dorsal and a ventral wing-shaped subectodermal 500 µm long area whose thickness is maximal at the level of the marginal sinus and gradually decreases in proximal direction. In the central-part of the mesoderm blocked mitoses are relatively rare. The present results are discussed in view of the recent literature on the morphogenetic processes of limb development.

scholarly journals NON-LINEAR MODEL OF A SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS, TRAINING AND TEACHING

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsotie Wamba Juste ◽  
Ekemb Gabriel ◽  
René Wamkeue
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
System Development ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Electrical Part ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Excitation Circuit

The development of digital and simulation tools is a major challenge for the teaching of electro-mechanics and related fields, as their suitability depends both on scientific and educational requirements. In this regard, this paper presents a synchronous generator model, developed for the teaching and training in the hydroelectric field. The model developed with MATLAB/SIMULINK and having the characteristics of being dynamic, versatile, flexible and easily integrated in most electrical power generation system using synchronous generator, is made of a mechanical part, an electrical part, and an excitation circuit. It is a dynamic nonlinear model which can perform most of the simulations of real life situations by acting on the load and presenting the resulting curves. Moreover, it allows direct simulation without the need for initial conditions re-evaluation. In this paper, its stepwise system development is covered alongside its subsystems. Our results indicate a successful application of the developed model in a complete hydropower system production, and suggest the importance of such tool.

scholarly journals Simulated Data to Estimate Real Sensor Events—A Poisson-Regression-Based Modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Ortíz-Barrios ◽  
Ian Cleland ◽  
Chris Nugent ◽  
Pablo Pancardo ◽  
Eric Järpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Intrinsic Nature ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Effective Care

Automatic detection and recognition of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) are crucial for providing effective care to frail older adults living alone. A step forward in addressing this challenge is the deployment of smart home sensors capturing the intrinsic nature of ADLs performed by these people. As the real-life scenario is characterized by a comprehensive range of ADLs and smart home layouts, deviations are expected in the number of sensor events per activity (SEPA), a variable often used for training activity recognition models. Such models, however, rely on the availability of suitable and representative data collection and is habitually expensive and resource-intensive. Simulation tools are an alternative for tackling these barriers; nonetheless, an ongoing challenge is their ability to generate synthetic data representing the real SEPA. Hence, this paper proposes the use of Poisson regression modelling for transforming simulated data in a better approximation of real SEPA. First, synthetic and real data were compared to verify the equivalence hypothesis. Then, several Poisson regression models were formulated for estimating real SEPA using simulated data. The outcomes revealed that real SEPA can be better approximated ( R pred 2 = 92.72 % ) if synthetic data is post-processed through Poisson regression incorporating dummy variables.

Diagnosis and Prognosis in Psychiatry

1938 ◽  
Vol 84 (353) ◽  
pp. 893-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules H. Masserman ◽  
Hugh T. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Mystical State

Psychiatry, during the past fifty years, has had a phenomenal but in some respects a rather unfortunate growth. Long in what Auguste Comte called the mystical state of the evolution of a science, psychiatry rapidly entered into its taxonomic phase when, as one of the later repercussions of the romantic reaction to eighteenth century materialism, the rightful place of psychiatry among the sciences of the humanities began to be appreciated. Almost simultaneously, however, premature efforts began to be made by students in the field to achieve higher levels of scientific development, with the result that the facts of psychiatry soon became almost lost in rigid and increasingly complex systems of classification. Fortunately, in recent years there has arisen a salutary tendency among psychiatrists to review the data of their discipline, and to re-examine the pragmatic and heuristic validity of certain formulations that too readily, perhaps, had been taken for granted. Among these attempts at re-orientation may be mentioned: as to ætiology and psychopathology, the work of Freud and the psycho-analytic school; as to a valid nosology, the statistical researches of T. V. Moore and others; and as to clinical application, the objective, critical studies of the results of various methods of diagnosis and therapy appearing with increasing frequency in the recent literature. We hope that the present work will be a contribution to the movement of fundamental reorganization now evident in psychiatry and its related fields of study.

EVIDENCE REQUIRED BY HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND REIMBURSEMENT BODIES EVALUATING DIAGNOSTIC OR PROGNOSTIC ALGORITHMS THAT INCLUDE OMICS DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Barna ◽  
Teresita M Cruz-Sanchez ◽  
Karen Berg Brigham ◽  
Cong-Tri Thuong ◽  
Finn Boerlum Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Economic Evidence ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Clinical Validity

Objectives:Multi-analyte assays with algorithmic analyses (MAAAs) use combinations of circulating and clinical markers including omics-based sources for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes. Assessing MAAAs is challenging under existing health technology assessment (HTA) methods or practices. We undertook a scoping review to explore the HTA methods used for MAAAs to identify the criteria used for clinical research and reimbursement purposes.Methods:This review included only non-companion (stand-alone) tests that are actionable and that have been evaluated by leading HTA or insurer/reimbursement bodies up to September 2017.Results:Twenty-five reports and articles evaluating seventeen MAAAs were examined, most of which have been developed in oncology. The two main models used were the EUnetHTA Core model and the Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention ACCE framework. Clinical validity and utility criteria were used, as were economic, ethical, legal, and social aspects. Economic evidence on MAAAs was scarce, and there is no consensus on whether the perspectives used are sufficiently broad to include all relevant stakeholders.Conclusions:Clinical utility and efficiency were the most used criteria, with stronger evidence needed linking the use of the algorithm with the clinical outcomes in real-life practice. HTA bodies must as well consider questions related to the analytical validity of MAAAs or with organizational aspects. The two main models, the EUnetHTA Core model and the ACCE framework, could be adapted to the assessment of MAAAs.

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