To Be, or Not to Be Healthy

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Célia Belim
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
The Public ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
The Media

This chapter, as the starting point of the book, (re)constructs the substantive setting and puzzle of health communication, being a reflection and discussion based on the literature review on fundamentals and practices of health communication and the contributions and implications of informative and persuasive messages and communication practices to health. The literature review results show the essential role that communication has assumed in the context of health, having several positive effects, such as the treatment effectiveness, the improvement of the therapeutic relationship and health literacy, the penetration of certain health issues in the public agenda. It has also highlighted the need to strengthen and rethink, in the name of individual and social well-being, the relationship between health and communication. Particularly, in the therapeutic relationship, the need for the health professional to have adequate communication competences to interact with patients is emphasized. Additionally, the media prove to be a versatile tool in the achievement of health promotion aims.

scholarly journals How Loud and Clear Rung the Alarm Bell: The Communication Efforts of WHO on the Beginning of COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110249
Author(s):  
Huriye Toker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Releases ◽  
The Media ◽  
Credible Information ◽  
Health Organization

As seen clearly from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health is an important foreign policy and diplomatic issue connected with security, economic well-being, and international development. According to risk communication researchers, effective, transparent, and timely information sharing is the most important tool after vaccines for responding to pandemics. This study aims to start a scholarly discussion on the risk communication efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO) during the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed WHO’s communication efforts during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the leading international health organization, WHO was responsible for providing rapid, up-to-date, and credible information for the public and the media. The selected research items were 42 news releases and statements provided by WHO between December 31, 2019, and March 30, 2020. These were subjected to qualitative and quantitative content analyses using the NVivo 12 qualitative analysis software program for coding. The data were coded under 6 variables (date of publication, topics, frequency, wording of the COVID-19 outbreak, sourcing, and themes of the releases). While 54.7% of WHO's communications were devoted to the COVID-19 outbreak, more than half were not issued until March. That is, instead of early risk communication and clear warnings about the outbreak, WHO acted overcautiously, preferring messages related to solidarity and cooperation during the most devastating pandemic of the 21st century.

scholarly journals HEALTH COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY THE MEDIA DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS: CASE OF ZIMBABWE BROADCASTING CORPORATION TELEVISION (ZBC –TV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Sarah Muchetwa ◽  
Ephraim Maruta ◽  
Hilda Jaka ◽  
Joyman Ruvado ◽  
Evans Chazireni
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

The paper reports findings from a study that explored health communication strategies employed by the media on the state of preparedness by the Zimbabwean government during the COVID 19 crisis by the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation Television (ZBC-TV). The study adopted secondary data analysis. Data were collected using secondary sources. The study was influenced by the framing theory. The study found out that ZBC-TV used songs, road shows, commercial ads, dramas, musical shows on reporting the pandemic. The archival documents also revealed that ZBC-TV have used periodical updates as health communication strategies to educate the public about COVID 19. ZBC-TV also used Facebook showing staff from the Office of the President and Cabinet receiving the Covid 19 vaccine at the same time applauding positive response from Harare Metropolitan Province as front line workers surpassed the target under the first phase of Covid-19 vaccine roll out plan. The study concluded that the health communication strategies employed by ZBC-TV have been effective in increasing the societal awareness about health issues. ZBC-TV managed to reach out to the masses using both the television and by making use of the new media communication technologies. However, press censorship has been a challenge in publishing information concerning COVID 19 as the media house is not allowed to publish anything that tarnishes the image of the government. It is based on such evidence that the study concludes that ZBC-TV at some point distorted information to paint the picture that the government is doing all it can to contain the spread of COVID 19 and ensuring the safety of the public. The study recommends that the ministry should ensure freedom of information publicity, in which media houses, including ZBC-TV is not controlled by any political party of government. The government should also privatise ZBC-TV so that it will be answerable to the public and not few government officials. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0895/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Online Opinion Leaders in the Health Promotion Digital Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-309
Author(s):  
Joyce Cheah Lynn-Sze ◽  
◽  
Azlina Kamaruddin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public

Health opinion leaders have widely embraced social media for health promotion and public health communication which can make a strong influence on the public decision making. However, despite the growing relevance of public health threats such as infectious diseases, pandemic influenza and natural disasters, research has paid little attention to the qualities of opinion leaders. Moreover, there is limited evidence that public health organisations use social media appropriately to engage in meaningful conversations with audiences. Thus, the aims of the study are to describe principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders to promote health issues, to discuss the strategies of social media used, to explain the opinion leaders’ influence attributes in health decision making and finally to develop a model of online opinion leader in the contemporary health promotion era. Content analysis was conducted on Facebook postings of five selected health opinion leaders. In addition, semi-structured interviews with 10 followers were conducted. The findings of the study revealed that there are three principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders, which are language, interaction and themes. There are three strategies opinion leaders use to influence the public: social connectivity, social support and social consultation. Furthermore, there are five opinion leaders’ attributes that influence the public’s decision making, namely personality, authenticity, trust/credibility, professional knowledge and social position. The model would be beneficial in educating and guiding the current public health opinion leaders in order to establish health and social well-being. Keywords: Online opinion leader, online health communication, public health, two-step flow theory, decision making.

Positive Distractions and Play in the Public Spaces of Pediatric Healthcare Environments: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-197
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The Public ◽  
Healthcare Environments ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare

Background: A positive distraction is a significant environmental feature that introduces positive feelings by diverting attention from stress or anxious thoughts. Existing research has deemed the application of positive distractions in pediatric environments to be significant. This study investigated the essential positive distractions and the associated health benefits. Aims: The aims of this study were to validate and extend evidence on positive distractions and play opportunities in the design of the public spaces in pediatric healthcare environments, translate existing evidence into design suggestions, and identify research gaps in this realm. Methods: A four-phased literature review method was employed in the study, including literature search, literature screening and selection, literature appraisal, and thematic analysis and in-depth discussion. Eventually, 27 peer-reviewed publications were reviewed and discussed in detail. Results/Conclusions: The gathered materials were grouped into six themes of positive distractions: (1) art and environmental aesthetics, (2) spatial arrangement and atrium, (3) considerations of socialization patterns, (4) play and interactive technologies, (5) sound and lighting interventions, and (6) access to nature. The research indicated that positive distractions in the pediatric healthcare environment provide a series of health benefits for patients, including improved behavioral and emotional well-being, reduced stress and anxiety, enhanced healthcare experience and satisfaction, and facilitated medical procedures and recovery. Yet significant research gaps emerged between positive distractions and play in garden spaces and spatial design to accommodate interactive technology and socialization in the public areas of pediatric healthcare environments. This study organized the understanding on the components of supportive environments and its outcomes for pediatric healthcare design.

Public Health and Tourism; A Personalist Approach to Community Well-being: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib ALIPOUR ◽  
Hamed REZAPOURAGHDAM ◽  
Banafshe ESMAEILI
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spillover Theory ◽  
Individual Health Status ◽  
Broaden And Build Theory

Given concerns over the public and individual health status of modern society and the scarcity of research on mobility and the health nexus, taking a personalist perspective grounded in spillover theory integrated with broaden-and-build theory, this study uses preventive science ideology and explores the links between tourism and public health through the illustration of the effects of travel on people’s personal, mental, and social wellbeing (PMS-web). A comprehensive review of the literature which is based on themes initiated from WHO (1948) statement: “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” was adopted. Physical, mental, and social (PMS) well-being and tourism/travel keywords were used to search top tier journal articles via the Web of Science and google scholars’ search engines. Findings revealed that a positive linkage exists between travel/tourism and the PMS well-being of individuals that contribute considerably to their state of health per se and is vital to the public health in societies. Although the reviewed tourism literature includes plentiful studies on health/medical tourism or the health issues of host/guests, the lack of focus on the nexus of tourism and public health is sensible.

scholarly journals Financial Situation of Soviet Citizens in the Mirror of Public Opinion of 1960-1980s (according to Letters to the Central Authorities and the Media)

2020 ◽  
pp. 402-422
Author(s):  
A. S. Stoletova
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

Based on the archival sources first introduced into the scientific community, the article highlights the question of the material well-being of Soviet citizens in estimates of the mass consciousness of the 1960s and 1980s. Within the framework of the problems, the well-being of citizens, which are the drivers of the socio-economic development of the state, are considered. In addition, the mental side of the processes is affected. The question is raised of social stratification, the beginning of the formation of a new structure of society as the realities of the second half of the 20th century. It is noted that in the public environment, vigilant monitoring of the excessive enrichment of persons in leadership positions was conducted. Based on the analysis of the material database of the Russian State Archive of Recent History, the author concludes that the trend of the time was the increase in the number of illegal acquisitions in three areas: housing, motor transport, personal household plots. A problem related to modernization processes in the spiritual sphere of life in Soviet society is raised. It is shown that there were changes in the behavioral stereotypes of social classes in the development of the right to use socialist property in this area, in relation to things and the desire for a comfortable life in society. It is concluded that the global consequence of these phenomena is the affirmation of private property morality.

scholarly journals Willingness of Indonesian Public on The Vaccination Programme as an Effort to Prevent Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Herza Olivina
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Receive

The number of Covid-19 cases continues to increase, including in Indonesia. One of the efforts made by the Indonesian government to prevent a pandemic is to create and implement a Covid-19 vaccination program for the community. Therefore, the government is trying to urge the public to be willing to carry out a Covid-19 vaccine. This study was conducted to the willingness of the Indonesian public to the vaccination program as an effort to prevent Covid-19. The research method used is a qualitative approach by analyzing subjectively through the literature review method from PubMed, Clinical Key, Google Scholar, and Google Engine in Indonesian or English. The results showed that most Indonesians were willing to be vaccinated. However, there are also Indonesians who refuse to be vaccinated. The reason people refuse to be vaccinated against Covid-19 may be that they have different beliefs about the Covid-19 vaccine because of limited information about the type of vaccine, the availability of the vaccine, and the safety of the vaccine itself. the conclusion is that quite a lot of Indonesian people are willing to receive vaccinations but the government still needs to provide information, knowledge, and education about vaccination programs by involving all parties, both directly and the media so that Indonesian people who refuse or receive vaccines have the same perception or views as people who are willing received the Covid-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Naming Institutionalized Racism in the Public Health Literature: A Systematic Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Hardeman ◽  
Katy A. Murphy ◽  
J’Mag Karbeah ◽  
Katy Backes Kozhimannil
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Institutionalized Racism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Literature ◽  
Health Field ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Public Health Literature

Objectives: Although a range of factors shapes health and well-being, institutionalized racism (societal allocation of privilege based on race) plays an important role in generating inequities by race. The goal of this analysis was to review the contemporary peer-reviewed public health literature from 2002-2015 to determine whether the concept of institutionalized racism was named (ie, explicitly mentioned) and whether it was a core concept in the article. Methods: We used a systematic literature review methodology to find articles from the top 50 highest-impact journals in each of 6 categories (249 journals in total) that most closely represented the public health field, were published during 2002-2015, were US focused, were indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE and/or Ovid/MEDLINE, and mentioned terms relating to institutionalized racism in their titles or abstracts. We analyzed the content of these articles for the use of related terms and concepts. Results: We found only 25 articles that named institutionalized racism in the title or abstract among all articles published in the public health literature during 2002-2015 in the 50 highest-impact journals and 6 categories representing the public health field in the United States. Institutionalized racism was a core concept in 16 of the 25 articles. Conclusions: Although institutionalized racism is recognized as a fundamental cause of health inequities, it was not often explicitly named in the titles or abstracts of articles published in the public health literature during 2002-2015. Our results highlight the need to explicitly name institutionalized racism in articles in the public health literature and to make it a central concept in inequities research. More public health research on institutionalized racism could help efforts to overcome its substantial, longstanding effects on health and well-being.

Social Media and Infectious Disease Perceptions in a Multicultural Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 659-676
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Villar ◽  
Elizabeth Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
The Media

Mass media is recognized in health communication as a gatekeeper, alerting the public to what is important with a focus on accuracy and relevancy. This is done through media framing, by which mass media sets the tone through which the public will view the message. Social media has emerged as a force in health communication with the same potential for media framing as mass media; however, with social media there is no formal gatekeeper. Looking at two major disease outbreaks, Ebola and Zika, this chapter examines the influence and effect of social media on health communication. The Zika outbreak in Miami was examined with social listening methods to determine both the effect of mass media on social media and of social media on the effectiveness of traditional health communication outlets to spread their message. The authors conclude that social media is both an asset and a liability during disease outbreaks, and its effect depends on audiences' cultural attitudes and trust toward authorities and the media.

Media and Health Communication Campaigns

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tuba Işık
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Promotion Programs ◽  
The Media ◽  
Communication Campaigns ◽  
Health Communication Campaigns

Health communication campaigns are a significant attempt that makes people aware of health risks and aims to inform the public about numerous issues that threaten public health. Media is the totality of communication channels and tools used to collect, store, and convey information or data to the public. Also, the media shape the behavior of the public through advertising and entertainment in the way it uses language and images. Within this framework, media is arguably one of the most utilized and efficient tools in terms of spreading public health messages and endorsing disease prevention. As its name would suggest, health communication campaigns are a vital part of the health promotion programs and strategies. In this sense, the media have many benefits for developing great health communication campaigns. Briefly, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss the use of media in health communication campaigns and campaign processes.

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