Being Autistic in Turkey and the Representation of Autism in Media

Autism is an innate or developmental difference that occurs in the first years of life. While the number of individuals with autism in the world is increasing day by day, the importance of what should be known about autism also increases. However, it is still not possible to say that this information is sufficient. The definition of individuals with autism and their health problems, what autistic individuals do to express themselves, and who the individuals with autism are and their representatives are important. Some basic points such as how to raise awareness about the lives of individuals with autism have still not been overcome. The main theme of this study is how the media addresses the issue of individuals with autism, their problems, and needs. The research question of the study is how to read the reflections on autism through the media.

Disinformation, Post-Truth, and Naive Realism in COVID-19

Disinformation as an activity of disseminating misinformation finds its justification from the beliefs of individuals. These beliefs are like psychological barriers in minds to see the reality due to naive realism. The power and information relationship triggers authority seekers to produce their own truth. This truth mainly resembles what people want to believe. The post-truth era is proceeding to destroy the truth through making individuals skeptical to the truth. And their means to convey those misinformation is social media. In this chapter, the relationship among the post-truth era, naive realism, and disinformation is focused in terms of COVID-19.

Could There Be an Alternative Method of Media Literacy in Promoting Health in Children and Adolescents?

It is stated that the media is the most influential social tool on creation/shaping of health behaviors of children and adolescents. Most of the individuals that pose into the media tools are misinformed about numerous facts that are either wrong or manipulated about health, and this information adversely affects the health behaviors. In this study, a compilation was conducted with the aim of both raising the awareness of media literacy approach in health promotion concept and emphasizing that the usage of educational methods implemented in the media literacy might also be used by nurses.

The Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment

Organizational culture fulfills the most important functions in order to reach organization goals. At the same time, the existence of the relationship between organizational culture and organizational commitment has been determined by many academic studies in the past. With this study, suggestions were presented to the organizers of the health sectors which should have strong organization structure. In the introduction part of the chapter, there is a brief description of what the purpose of working is, how it is to be done, and in which context it will be completed. Organizational culture in the first part and organizational commitment in the second part are discussed literally. Then the findings obtained based on the research data were included, and the study with the conclusion and suggestion was completed.

Social Media and Health Communication

In today's technology age, our communication style has changed and social media channels that provide remote and mutual interaction on digital platforms have become an important communication tool. In this digital communication age, when the need for remote communication has increased and is needed more with the pandemic period, it is seen that health information is shared more and more on social media platforms. In this process, it is seen that the health ministries of all countries, especially the World Health Organization (WHO), actively use social media channels as well as media channels for sharing health information. In this chapter, basic information about social media, social media channels, health communication, health communication in social media, and the effect of this communication on health literacy will be explained. For this purpose, the relevant social media platforms and studies have been examined and conveyed.

Health Communication and Social Media

Social media networks have become platforms that the private and also public sector health corporations use for communucating with their patients and also finding solutions for their needs. To establish a healthy health communucation in between the patients and the health organisations and facilities and also to cover the needs of patients to reach true information is very important. Because of this, the performers using the social media must be examined. In this study, the authors examine and study the targets and the communucation strategies of medicine companies by using the social media and also thier medicine specifications to make a harmony in between these organisatipons and their products. In this study, the content analysis method is used to examine the Facebook page of Pfizer company in September and October 2020 posts. As a result of this Facebook page study of the company, the authors saw that 50% of the posts are acknowlagments, 31% about treatments of illnesses, and the rest (19%) are greetings.

The Role of Advertisements in Promoting Healthcare Services and Their Effects on Corporate Image

While some segments of society may want to be promoted and informed about products and services, some segments argue that most of the advertising activities can negatively affect human health due to poor control. Considering that the advertisements will mislead individuals and affect the health of the society in a positive way, the existence of advertising bans is considered an accurate decision to protect public health. Due to its advertising structure, it turns healthcare into a commercial commodity and sells healthcare. This situation disrupts the social structure of the health service and makes the service a subject of competition between institutions and individuals. It is seen that obstacles are put in this regard and serious sanctions are imposed. Health personnel also have important duties to prevent health from being a commercial good and to provide a respected health environment.

COVID-19 and the Mass Media

COVID-19 is the cause of the greatest pandemic of the century that affects almost every nation of our globe. In India, mass media has played a significant role in this pandemic situation. The media coverage revealed fearlessly the condition of COVID-19 and provides a pictorial view of the situation in front of the readers and viewers. The main objectives of these fearless journalistic works were to provide the public valuable authentic information, create awareness among the public, eliminate fake propaganda and fake news, highlight the problem face by the ordinary public, and to provide the government a medium to speak with the public for the public interest. Mass media served as a vital weapon to fight against COVID-19. The valuable information and instructions provided by mass media created awareness among the public and which played a major role to deescalate the graphical representation of active COVID-19 cases. The outbreak of COVID-19 and the dogmatic approaches of the mass media in the pandemic situation have recalled the concept of media as the third pillar of democracy.

The Role of Social Media on Dissemination of Information During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study reveals the role of social media tools and applications in disseminating information about COVID-19 in the COVID-19 process. While discussing the role of social media in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic process, it will be evaluated with the applications of different institutions. In the study, which will be considered from a public relations perspective in general, it is aimed to reveal a general perspective on the communication activities of the institutions with the target audience and their followers through social media practices. In this study, which is a compilation in this direction, the changing motivations of the followers and the role of social media in this process will be revealed.

Designing COVID-19 Campaigns to Achieve Individual Compliance

The literature describes a pandemic as a unique form of health crisis that requires intensive communicative efforts. The primary aim of this study is to investigate how COVID-19 health communication campaigns are designed on three continents to get individuals to comply with the proposed actions and measures. Results indicate that the prevalence of emotional messages correspond with previous research findings, which demonstrated that similarity with a testimonial and narratives can be useful tools to increase message effectiveness. Hence, government officials are advised to invest in message presentation.