Structure Properties Relationship Studies of Vinyl Ester Hybrid Syntactic Foam

2021 ◽  
pp. 368-394
Author(s):  
Pravin R. Kubade ◽  
Amol N. Patil ◽  
Hrushikesh B. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fly Ash Cenosphere ◽  
Izod Impact

Syntactic foam is the porous composite produced by mixing prefabricated hollow spherical particle into the matrix. Syntactic foams are used as energy absorption sandwich core for several applications like marine, automotive, and aerospace. In this work, low density hollow glass microspheres are hybridized with fly ash cenosphere in Bisphenol-A epoxy-based vinyl ester matrix. Hybrid syntactic foams is created with 60% total filler content. Within these hybrid systems internal composition of two fillers were varied in a step of 25 vol% with respect to each other. Hybrid syntactic foams are prepared by the hand lay-up (molding) method. The physical characterization parameter contains density and matrix porosity whereas tensile, quasi-static compression, flexural (3-point bending), Izod impact, and micro Vickers hardness are grouped as mechanical characterization parameters. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on fractured surfaces to examine deformation and fracture mechanisms related with each loading condition.

Analytical and Numerical Study of Crushing of Syntactic Foams Under Uniaxial Compression

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Marur
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crushing Behavior

Syntactic foams are a class of particulate composites made with hollow microspheres dispersed uniformly in a matrix. By the inclusion of hollow spheres in the matrix, the bulk mechanical properties are improved by limiting the bending of cell edges and localization of inelastic deformation, which is the cause of failure in the case of low-density foams. For the general class of cellular materials, several analytical and experimental methods are available in the literature to characterize the material. In the case of syntactic foams, relatively few methods exist for the computation of effective elastic properties and methods for analyzing the crush behavior of the syntactic foams are rather limited. In this research, the quasi-static crushing behavior of syntactic foam under uniaxial compression is investigated using analytical and numerical methods. To better understand the bulk behavior of syntactic foam, a micromechanical study is conducted to analyze the crushing of hollow spheres in dilute concentration. Initially the stress fields around dilute concentration are derived using continuum mechanics principles and subsequently a limit analysis is performed. To gain further insight into the deformation fields and deformations of cell walls leading to densification, a finite element (FE) analysis is performed. Assuming a periodic repetition of a representative volume of the material would correspond to the bulk material, axisymmetric and 3D finite element models are developed. The numerical computations are compared with the analytical results obtained in this study, and with experimental data reported in the literature. Using the FE models, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of microsphere strength and elastic mismatch between the matrix and the inclusions on the crush behavior of syntactic foam.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on the Compressive Behavior of Zinc Alloy ZA27 Syntactic Foam

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Movahedi ◽  
Graeme Murch ◽  
Irina Belova ◽  
Thomas Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Heat Treated

Zinc alloy (ZA27) syntactic foams (SF) were manufactured using expanded perlite (EP) particles and counter-gravity infiltration casting. Due to a variation of the metallic matrix content, the density of the produced foam samples varied from 1.78 to 2.03 g·cm−3. As-cast and solution heat-treated samples were tested to investigate the compressive properties of the ZA27 syntactic foam. To this end, quasi-static compression tests were conducted. In addition, microstructural analysis of the as-cast and heat-treated syntactic foams was carried out using scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the heat treatment alters the microstructure of the ZA27 alloy matrix from a multiphase dendrite to a spheroidized microstructure with improved ductility. Moreover, the heat treatment considerably enhances the energy absorption and plateau stress ( σ pl ) of the syntactic foam. Optical analysis of the syntactic foams under compression shows that the dominant deformation mechanism of the as-cast foams is brittle fracture. In comparison, the heat-treated samples undergo a more ductile deformation.

Numerical Simulations of Micromechanical Properties of Al Alloy/SiC Hollow Sphere Syntactic Foams Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1054-1057
Author(s):  
Zheng Jie Lu ◽  
Han Long Wei ◽  
Shu De Liao ◽  
Sen Kai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Band Formation ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Plateau Stress ◽  
Micromechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix

The micromechanical properties of a Al alloy/SiC hollow sphere syntactic foams composite material have been studied using the Solidwork simulation code applied the finite element method (FEM). The simulated results have shown that the values of quasi-static compressive strength, plateau stress, and densification strain are 175 MPa, 120 MPa and 0.50, respectively. The general trend of dynamic stress–strain graphs is similar to quasi-static compression graphs. The compressive properties of the composite are not strain rate sensitive. The simulated peak strength value is ≈140 MPa. Al matrix and SiC hollow sphere exhibit different mechanical behaviour. The ultimate stress is found near the interface of composites. The failure initiates by the fracture of weak particles, some of the cracks can propagate to the matrix as well. Shear band formation in the matrix and shearing of SiChs lead to the major failure activity.

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical properties of fused borosilicate syntactic foams

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 4898-4910
Author(s):  
Z. Salleh ◽  
M. M. Islam ◽  
J. A. Epaarachchi ◽  
M. T. I. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Different Temperatures

The coefficient thermal expansion, a (CTE) of glass microballoon/vinyl ester syntactic foam was determined using dimensional changes of a temperature gradient plot. The CTE was measured and found to be up to 53-63 % lower than the vinyl ester resin matrix when mixing with different weight percentages of the glass microballoon ranging from 2 wt.% to 10 wt.% using a thermomechanical analyzer (TMA). The results of CTE showed that it has a strong relationship with the syntactic foam density (r), radius ration (h) ,cavity porosity (fg) and matrix porosity (fm). Experimental results showed that the CTE decreases when glass microballoons are added into the composites measured at different temperatures ranging from 30 oC to 70 °C. The CTE from the experimental results were also compared with Turner’s modification model for composites for its suitability for thermal expansion of syntactic foams. The results indicate that Turner’s modification model exhibits a close correlation with the reduction up to 80 % of CTE based on experiment.

Effect of Glass Microballoons Size on Compressive Strength of Syntactic Foams

2011 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Zhi Xiong Huang ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Min Xian Shi ◽  
Qi Lin Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Glass Microballoons ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

In this work, syntactic foams made of microballoons having same wall thickness ratio but with different particle size was prepared. Microballoons of three size distribution ranges were selected .The property of the syntactic foams were studied by quasi-static compression test. The experimental results show the microballoons size doesn’t influent the mechanical properties of the syntactic foam significantly. The failure mode of the syntactic foams was also studied in this work.

Mechanical Properties of Iron Hollow Sphere Reinforced Metal Matrix Syntactic Foams

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bálint ◽  
Attila Szlancsik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Interface Layer ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Infiltration Technique ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

Metal matrix syntactic foams (MMSFs) were produced by low-pressure inert gas infiltration technique. Matrixes of the produced syntactic foams were Al99.5, AlSi12, AlMgSi1 and AlCu5 respectively, and each was reinforced by pure Fe based hollow. The produced blocks were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The microstructural investigations revealed proper infiltration with small amount of unwanted voids and an effective and thin interface layer between the matrix materials and the reinforcing spheres. The produced MMSFs were also tested under quasi-static compression loading to get characteristic mechanical properties. The test results showed that the MMSFs with iron spheres have outstanding mechanical properties compared to ‘conventional’ foams.

Unnotched Izod impact characterization of glass hollow particle/vinyl ester syntactic foams

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasanth Chakravarthy Shunmugasamy ◽  
Harish Anantharaman ◽  
Dinesh Pinisetty ◽  
Nikhil Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Hollow Particle ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Izod Impact

scholarly journals Functionally-Graded Metallic Syntactic Foams Produced via Particle Pre-Compaction

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fiedler ◽  
Nima Movahedi ◽  
Lucas York ◽  
Steffen Broxtermann
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
A356 Aluminum ◽  
Particle Beds

This paper introduces a novel functionally graded metallic syntactic foam. The investigated foams are manufactured while using infiltration casting where molten A356 aluminum flows into the interstitial voids of packed expanded perlite (EP) particle beds. The partial pre-compaction of particle beds enables the creation of distinct and reproducible density gradients within the syntactic foam. In this study, the samples are produced using four gradually increasing compaction forces and are compared to non-compacted samples. X-ray imaging is used to detect the resulting spatial variation of foam density. In addition, quasi-static compression tests are performed to determine the mechanical foam properties. The results suggest that particle pre-compaction is an efficient tool for tailoring the density and mechanical properties of these novel functionally graded materials.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of an AZ91–Activated Carbon Syntactic Foam

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Movahedi ◽  
Mehdi Taherishargh ◽  
Irina Belova ◽  
Graeme Murch ◽  
Thomas Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Az91 Alloy ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Activated Carbon Particles

In this study, activated carbon (AC) particles were combined with AZ91 alloy to manufacture a magnesium syntactic foam. This novel lightweight foam has a very low density, in the range of 1.12–1.18 gcm−3. The results show that no chemical reaction occurred between the AZ91 matrix and the activated carbon particles. The mechanical properties of the foam were evaluated under quasi-static compression loading conditions, and showed a consistent trend for the energy absorption of the fabricated AZ91–AC syntactic foams. The deformation mechanism of samples was a brittle fracture mode with the formation of shear bands during the fracture of all samples.

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