Recent Advances on Smart Lightweight Carbon Fiber/Aluminum Hybrid Composite Structures

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Noureddine Ramdani ◽  
Hichem Mahres
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Weathering Resistance

Due to the growing demand for lightweight materials in different industries, the selection and hybridization of engineering fibers and metals is becoming a promising solution as it combines the outstanding mechanical, thermal, and weathering-resistance properties from both materials. Due to their lightweight and strong mechanical properties, carbon fiber/aluminum hybrid composite-based structures have become the most dominant materials used by engineers and researchers in the recent two decades. In the present chapter, the recent development on the processing techniques and mechanical performances of these hybrid structures are reviewed in detail. In addition, the applications of these kinds of structural materials in the various industrial sectors including, automobile, aerospace, design of industrial robots, and fire protection are summarized.

Bending, free vibration, and buckling responses of chopped carbon fiber/graphene nanoplatelet-reinforced polymer hybrid composite plates: An inclusive microstructural assessment

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094278
Author(s):  
A Bakamal ◽  
R Ansari ◽  
MK Hassanzadeh-Aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelet ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

This paper presents a finite element analysis of the bending, buckling, and free vibration of the chopped carbon fiber/graphene nanoplatelet reinforced polymer hybrid composite plates. Both rectangular and circular composite plates are considered. The effective material properties of the chopped carbon fiber /graphene nanoplatelet reinforced hybrid composites are predicted using a multistep micromechanical model based on the Halpin–Tsai homogenization scheme. An inclusive microstructural assessment is accomplished by the evaluation of the influences of the volume fraction, length, thickness, and agglomeration of graphene nanoplatelets as well as the volume fraction, aspect ratio, and the alignment of the chopped carbon fibers on the mechanical behaviors of the chopped carbon fiber/graphene nanoplatelet hybrid composite plates. It is found that the bending, buckling, and vibration characteristics of hybrid composite structures are highly affected by the microstructural features. The addition of graphene nanoplatelets improves the stability of the chopped fiber-reinforced hybrid composite structures. The agglomeration of the graphene nanoplatelet into the polymer matrix leads to a degradation in the composite plate mechanical performances. Aligning the chopped carbon fibers significantly decreases the deflections, and increases the critical buckling loads and the natural frequencies of hybrid composite plates. Comparisons are conducted with the numerical results reported in literature that indicate good agreement with our results.

Enhanced damping characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (20) ◽  
pp. 2291-2303
Author(s):  
Jaehyeong Lim ◽  
Sang-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Shear Thickening ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Shear Thickening Fluid ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures with high stiffness are at risk of resonant vibration. Our study proposes a methodology to reduce this risk by passively improving the damping ratio of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures. We developed shear thickening fluid hybrid composite structures by applying polyimide tubes filled with shear thickening fluid having rheological properties into a composite laminate. In order to verify the proposed methodology, carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite beams were fabricated, and modal tests were subsequently performed to investigate their dynamic characteristics. The results revealed that the damping ratios for the initial six vibration modes of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite beam increased by 38%–174%; however, their Young’s modulus and tensile strength, respectively, decreased by 11.25% and 14.08% when compared to those of normal carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite beams. We believe that the proposed methodology to improve the damping ratio will contribute in reducing the risk of vibration resonance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures in various applications.

scholarly journals LiDAR Based Multi-Robot Cooperation for the 3D Printing of Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanya Li ◽  
Guido Link ◽  
Junhui Ma ◽  
John Jelonnek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Continuous Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Multi Robot

3D printing of lightweight continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CCFRP) in three dimensions changes the traditional composite manufacturing processes. The continuous carbon fibers reinforced plastic filament can be printed along the load transmission path and significantly improve the strength of composite structures. Compared to the three-axis computer numerical controlled (CNC) machine based printing process, industrial robots provide the possibility to manufacture complex, spatial and large-scale composite structures. Here, the concept to use multi-robot to print complex spatial CCFRP components simultaneously has been presented. More than one 6 degrees of freedom industrial robots can cooperate with each other and solve the contradiction between structural complexity and printing reachability. During the printing process, the deformation of composite structures may happen, especially for the self-supporting components. Thus, in this paper, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) method is introduced to detect the deformation of printed composite structure and the movements of two UR robots. To obtain the point clouds of the printed structure, a LiDAR camera D435i has been installed on one robot. A new approach by combining coordinate transformation and iterative-closest-point (ICP) algorithm has been developed to merge the point clouds collected from different shooting angles of the camera.

Manufacturing and Flexure Properties Characterization of Hybrid Nano-/Micro-Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipul Barua ◽  
Mrinal C. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Carbon Fiber Fabric ◽  
Fiber Fabric

We report an approach for the deposition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on carbon fabrics (CFs) en route for the development of hybrid nano-/micro-fiber composite structures. Ultrasonic atomization process was utilized for the direct deposition of CNTs on the surface of carbon fiber fabric. A dilute solution of CNTs was prepared by dispersing very small amount of multi walled CNTs (MWNT) in N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) using a low frequency ultrasonic water bath. The dispersed solution was then fed into the ultrasonic atomizer probe using a syringe pump and sprayed directly on the carbon fiber fabric rested on a hot plate. The dispersion of MWNTs in DMF solvent was characterized using UV spectroscopy and the distribution of CNTs on CF was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VRTM) was used to manufacture composite laminates using several layers of CNTs hybrid CF fabrics. We prepared hybrid composite laminates containing 0.03-wt% of CNTs. Dispersion of CNTs in DMF and distribution of CNTs on CFs was found to be very good which we believed to be resulted in about 15% improvement in flexure strength and about 12% improvement in strain to failure compared to neat composites. Such improvements in composite properties with only 0.03% CNTs are very promising in hybrid composite structures.

scholarly journals Effect of Geometric Parameters and Moisture Content on the Mechanical Performances of 3D-Printed Isogrid Structures in Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Di Pompeo ◽  
Archimede Forcellese ◽  
Tommaso Mancia ◽  
Michela Simoncini ◽  
Alessio Vita
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Short Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Short Carbon

AbstractThe present paper aims at studying the effect of geometric parameters and moisture content on the mechanical performances of 3D-printed isogrid structures in short carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide (namely Carbon PA). Four different geometric isogrid configurations were manufactured, both in the undried and dried condition. The dried isogrid structures were obtained by removing the moisture from the samples through a heating at 120 °C for 4 h. To measure the quantity of removed moisture, samples were weighted before and after the drying process. Tensile tests on standard specimens and buckling tests on isogrid panels were performed. Undried samples were tested immediately after 3D printing. It was observed that the dried samples are characterized by both Young modulus and ultimate tensile strength values higher than those provided by the undried samples. Similar results were obtained by the compression tests since, for a given geometric isogrid configuration, an increase in the maximum load of the dried structure was detected as compared to the undried one. Such discrepancy tends to increase as the structure with the lowest thickness value investigated is considered. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was carried out in order to analyze the fractured samples and to obtain high magnification three-dimensional topography of fractured surfaces after testing.

Edge Illumination X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging and Ultrasonic Attenuation for Porosity Quantification in Composite Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Shoukroun ◽  
Sandro Olivo ◽  
Paul Fromme
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Phase Contrast Imaging ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Carbon fiber reinforced composites are widely used in the aerospace industry, due to their low weight and high strength. Porosity often occurs during the manufacturing of composite structures, which can compromise the structural integrity of the part and affect its mechanical properties. In the aerospace industry a typical requirement for structural components is for the porosity content to be kept below 2%. Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are used to estimate the porosity content in composite components, the most common being ultrasonic attenuation and X-ray computed tomography (CT). Planar Edge Illumination X-ray Phase Contrast Imaging (EI XPCI) was used to quantify the porosity content in woven carbon fiber reinforced composite plates with porosity ranging between 0.7% and 10.7%. A new metric was introduced, the standard deviation of the differential phase (STDVDP) signal, which represents the variation of inhomogeneity in the plates for features of a scale equal to or above the system resolution (here 12μm). The SDTVDP was found to have a very high correlation with porosity content estimated from matrix digestion and ultrasonic attenuation, hence providing a promising new methodology to quantify porosity in composite plates.

scholarly journals Demonstration of a Robust All-Silicon-Carbide Intracortical Neural Interface

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Bernardin ◽  
Christopher Frewin ◽  
Richard Everly ◽  
Jawad Ul Hassan ◽  
Stephen Saddow
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Diode Behavior ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
P Type

Intracortical neural interfaces (INI) have made impressive progress in recent years but still display questionable long-term reliability. Here, we report on the development and characterization of highly resilient monolithic silicon carbide (SiC) neural devices. SiC is a physically robust, biocompatible, and chemically inert semiconductor. The device support was micromachined from p-type SiC with conductors created from n-type SiC, simultaneously providing electrical isolation through the resulting p-n junction. Electrodes possessed geometric surface area (GSA) varying from 496 to 500 K μm2. Electrical characterization showed high-performance p-n diode behavior, with typical turn-on voltages of ~2.3 V and reverse bias leakage below 1 nArms. Current leakage between adjacent electrodes was ~7.5 nArms over a voltage range of −50 V to 50 V. The devices interacted electrochemically with a purely capacitive relationship at frequencies less than 10 kHz. Electrode impedance ranged from 675 ± 130 kΩ (GSA = 496 µm2) to 46.5 ± 4.80 kΩ (GSA = 500 K µm2). Since the all-SiC devices rely on the integration of only robust and highly compatible SiC material, they offer a promising solution to probe delamination and biological rejection associated with the use of multiple materials used in many current INI devices.

Excitation-invariant pre-processing of thermographic data

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446
Author(s):  
Serafeim Moustakidis ◽  
Athanasios Anagnostis ◽  
Apostolos Chondronasios ◽  
Patrik Karlsson ◽  
Kostas Hrissagis
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal Reconstruction ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Nondestructive Testing Method ◽  
Uneven Heating ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Inspection Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive

There is a large number of industries that make extensive use of composite materials in their respective sectors. This rise in composites’ use has necessitated the development of new non-destructive inspection techniques that focus on manufacturing quality assurance, as well as in-service damage testing. Active infrared thermography is now a popular nondestructive testing method for detecting defects in composite structures. Non-uniform emissivity, uneven heating of the test surface, and variation in thermal properties of the test material are some of the crucial factors in experimental thermography. These unwanted thermal effects are typically coped with the application of a number of well-established thermographic techniques including pulse phase thermography and thermographic signal reconstruction. This article addresses this problem of the induced uneven heating at the pre-processing phase prior to the application of the thermographic processing techniques. To accomplish this, a number of excitation invariant pre-processing techniques were developed and tested in this article addressing the unwanted effect of non-uniform excitation in the collected thermographic data. Various fitting approaches were validated in light of modeling the non-uniform heating effect, and new normalization approaches were proposed following a time-dependent framework. The proposed pre-processing techniques were validated on a testing composite sample with pre-determined defects. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed processing algorithms in terms of removing the unwanted heat distribution effect along with the signal-to-noise ratio of the produced infrared images.

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